US4566877A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Carbon foam usable as blast-furnace fuel and method of making same
Assignee: Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie Francaise IRSID
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Filing: 1984-04-09
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Granted: 1986-01-28
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Expires: 2004-04-09
Abstract
Abstract A process for conditioning carbon rich material in the form of finely divided solid particles includes the steps of mixing at least 70% of the finely divided solid particles with an aqueous solution, mixing in approximately 0.1 to 5% of a surface active additive with foaming properties, homogenizing and aerating the resultant to produce a carbon foam.
Inventors
- 👤 Richard Pazdej
- 👤 Albert Pavinato
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 20:47
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/32; C10L1/324; C10L1/326; C21; C21B; C21B5/00; C21B5/001; C21B5/003; C21B5/004
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
36 words
A mixture comprising: at least 70% by weight of a solid carbon-rich material; between 0.07% and 3.5% by weight of a foaming surfactant; and balance gaseous bubbles and aqueous liquid capable of suspending the carbon-rich material.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
36 words
A mixture comprising: at least 70% by weight of a solid carbon-rich material; between 0.07% and 3.5% by weight of a foaming surfactant; and balance gaseous bubbles and aqueous liquid capable of suspending the carbon-rich material.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The mixture defined in claim 1 wherein the material is a finely divided particulate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The mixture defined in claim 1 wherein the particulate is finely divided coal.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
The mixture defined in claim 3 wherein the particulate has an overall grain-size distribution less than 500 microns of which about 80% by weight has a particle size smaller than 100 microns.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
11 words
The mixture defined in claim 1 wherein the liquid is water.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
The mixture defined in claim 1 wherein the surfactant is an alkali sulfonate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The mixture defined in claim 6 wherein the additive is an alkaline earth metal.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
The mixture defined in claim 1 wherein the surfactant is an alkali selected from the group consisting of laurylsulfates, laurylsulfonates, phenylsulfonates, alkylsulfonates, and sulfonic esters.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The mixture defined in claim 1 wherein the additive is an alkaline earth-metal sulfonate selected from the group consisting of laurylsulfates, laurylsulfonates, phenylsulfonates, alkylsulfonates, and sulfonic esters.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
54 words
The mixture defined in claim 1 wherein the surfactant is an alcohol-based sodium laurylsulfate having the general formula CH 3 (CH 2 ) n CH 2 OSO 3 Na and whose weight in the mixture is in the range of 0.5% to 1.5% by weight with respect to the weight of the carbon-rich material.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
The mixture defined in claim 10 wherein the weight of the mixture is about 1% of the weight of the carbon-rich material.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
65 words
A method of preparing a mixture containing finely divided solid carbon-rich particulates, the method comprising the steps of: mixing together at least 70% by weight of a solid carbon-rich material, between 0.07% and 3.5% by weight of a foaming surfactant, and balance mainly an aqueous liquid capable of suspending the carbon-rich material; homogenizing the mixture; and aerating the mixture to form therein stable gaseous bubbles.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
65 words
A method of preparing a mixture containing finely divided solid carbon-rich particulates, the method comprising the steps of: mixing together at least 70% by weight of a solid carbon-rich material, between 0.07% and 3.5% by weight of a foaming surfactant, and balance mainly an aqueous liquid capable of suspending the carbon-rich material; homogenizing the mixture; and aerating the mixture to form therein stable gaseous bubbles.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
42 words
The use as blast-furnace fuel of a mixture comprising: at least 70% by weight of a solid carbon-rich material; between 0.07% and 3.5% by weight of a foaming surfactant; and balance gaseous bubbles and aqueous liquid capable of suspending the carbon-rich material.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
42 words
The use as blast-furnace fuel of a mixture comprising: at least 70% by weight of a solid carbon-rich material; between 0.07% and 3.5% by weight of a foaming surfactant; and balance gaseous bubbles and aqueous liquid capable of suspending the carbon-rich material.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-01-27 | 1989-07-29 | 1990-01-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-01-27 | 1993-07-29 | 1994-01-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-01-27 | 1997-07-29 | 1998-01-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |