US4555395A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Hydride compositions
Assignee: Standard Oil Co
•
Filing: 1982-09-27
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Granted: 1985-11-26
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Expires: 2002-09-27
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed are organic treating agents for imparting improved flow properties to hydrides and compositions comprising hydrides treated with an effective amount of an organic compound capable of imparting improved flow properties to said hydride. Also disclosed are methods for improving the flow properties of hydrides comprising treating said hydrides with an organic compound capable of imparting improved flow properties. Said organic treating agent can be in liquid or vapor form and comprises at least one component selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, amines, organic acids and organic acid salts.
Inventors
- 👤 Bruce E. Sirovich
- 👤 Robert L. Sandstrom
- 👤 Theo H. Fleisch
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 08:20
CPC Classifications
C; C01; C01B; C01B3/00; C01B3/50; C01B3/508; C01B3/0005; C01B3/001; C01B3/0078; C01B6/00; C01B6/24; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/30; Y02E60/32; Y10; Y10S; Y10S420/00; Y10S420/90
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 47
Claim 1
Independent Claim
229 words
A composition capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing hydrogen comprising a metal hydride treated with an effective amount of an organic compound capable of imparting improved flow properties to said hydride without substantially altering said hydride's ability to reversibly absorb and desorb hydrogen, said hydride being an alloy, a mixture, or an intermetallic compound each consisting essentially of metals consisting of elements of Groups IIA, IIIA, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, and VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements and being capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing hydrogen, said composition having been prepared by the method which comprises: (a) treating said hydride with an effective amount of an organic composition capable of imparting improved flow properties to said hydride without substantially altering said hydride's ability to reversibly absorb and desorb hydrogen, said organic composition being in a liquid or vapor form and being at least one compound selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, alcohols containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, amines containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, organic acids and organic acid salts containing 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof; (b) removing substantially all functionally excessive organic composition; and (c) cycling said hydride through one or more absorption/desorption cycles between about 5 psia and about 500 psia of hydrogen at a temperature above the boiling point of said organic composition.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
229 words
A composition capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing hydrogen comprising a metal hydride treated with an effective amount of an organic compound capable of imparting improved flow properties to said hydride without substantially altering said hydride's ability to reversibly absorb and desorb hydrogen, said hydride being an alloy, a mixture, or an intermetallic compound each consisting essentially of metals consisting of elements of Groups IIA, IIIA, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, and VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements and being capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing hydrogen, said composition having been prepared by the method which comprises: (a) treating said hydride with an effective amount of an organic composition capable of imparting improved flow properties to said hydride without substantially altering said hydride's ability to reversibly absorb and desorb hydrogen, said organic composition being in a liquid or vapor form and being at least one compound selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, alcohols containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, amines containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, organic acids and organic acid salts containing 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof; (b) removing substantially all functionally excessive organic composition; and (c) cycling said hydride through one or more absorption/desorption cycles between about 5 psia and about 500 psia of hydrogen at a temperature above the boiling point of said organic composition.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
42 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein said organic compound capable of imparting improved flow properties to said hydride comprises at least one compound selected from the group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms consisting of alcohols, organic acids, and organic acid salts.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein said hydride comprises at least one Group VIII element.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
47 words
The composition of claim 2, wherein said composition has been prepared by treating said hydride with a liquid organic compound to provide a treated hydride solution comprising said hydride and said liquid organic compound and wherein said hydride solution has a pH value less than about 7.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composition of claim 3, wherein said organic compound comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of primary and secondary amines having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
36 words
The composition of claim 3, wherein said organic compound comprises an aliphatic hydrocarbon and said hydrocarbon comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkanes and olefins having 2 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composition of claim 3, wherein said organic compound comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alcohols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
32 words
The composition of claim 3, wherein said organic compound comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of organic acids and organic acid salts having 2 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 4, wherein said hydride solution has a pH value between about 3 and about 5.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
75 words
The composition of claim 5, wherein said hydride comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of Fe Ti hydride and La Ni 5 hydride, said amines have 1 to 8 carbon atoms and said composition has been prepared by treating said hydride with a liquid organic compound to provide a treated hydride solution comprising said hydride and said liquid organic compound and wherein said hydride solution has a pH below about 7.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 6, wherein said hydride is LaNi 5 hydride.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
70 words
The composition of claim 7, wherein said hydride comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of CaNi 5 hydride, said alcohols have 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and said composition has been prepared by treating said hydride with a liquid organic compound to provide a treated hydride solution comprising said hydride and said liquid organic compound and wherein said hydride solution has a pH below about 7.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
81 words
The composition of claim 3, wherein said hydride comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of CaNi 5 hydride, FeTi hydride, and LaNi 5 hydride, said organic acids and organic acid salts have 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and said composition has been prepared by treating said hydride with a liquid organic compound to provide a treated hydride solution comprising said hydride and said liquid organic compound and wherein said hydride solution has a pH below about 7.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
193 words
A method for improving the flow properties of a metal hydride, said hydride being an alloy, a mixture, or an intermetallic compound, each consisting essentially of metals selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups IIA, IIIA, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, and VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements and being capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing hydrogen, which method comprises: (a) treating said hydride with an effective amount of an organic composition capable of imparting improved flow properties to said hydride without substantially altering said hydride's ability to reversibly absorb and desorb hydrogen, said organic composition being in a liquid or vapor form and being at least one compound selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, alcohols containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, amines containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, organic acids and organic acid salts containing 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof; (b) removing substantially all excess organic composition; and (c) cycling said hydride through one or more absorption/desorption cycles between about 5 psia and about 500 psia of hydrogen at a temperature above the boiling point of said organic composition.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
193 words
A method for improving the flow properties of a metal hydride, said hydride being an alloy, a mixture, or an intermetallic compound, each consisting essentially of metals selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups IIA, IIIA, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, and VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements and being capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing hydrogen, which method comprises: (a) treating said hydride with an effective amount of an organic composition capable of imparting improved flow properties to said hydride without substantially altering said hydride's ability to reversibly absorb and desorb hydrogen, said organic composition being in a liquid or vapor form and being at least one compound selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, alcohols containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, amines containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, organic acids and organic acid salts containing 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof; (b) removing substantially all excess organic composition; and (c) cycling said hydride through one or more absorption/desorption cycles between about 5 psia and about 500 psia of hydrogen at a temperature above the boiling point of said organic composition.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 14, wherein said organic composition is a liquid organic composition and wherein said treating is begun with said hydride in a substantially hydrided state.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 14, wherein said organic composition is a gaseous organic composition and wherein said treating is begun with said hydride being in a substantially dehydrided state.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
58 words
The method of claim 14, wherein said organic composition is a gaseous organic composition and said hydride is used in a continuous process with a gaseous background in which it is cycled to alternately absorb and desorb hydrogen, and an inventory of said gaseous organic composition capable of imparting improved flow properties is maintained in said gaseous background.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 14, wherein said organic composition comprises at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of alkanes and olefins having 2 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 14, wherein said organic composition comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alcohols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 14, wherein said organic composition comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of organic acids and organic acid salts having 2 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 14, wherein said organic composition comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alcohols, organic acids, and organic acid salts and having at least 2 carbon atoms.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
63 words
The method of claim 14, wherein said method further comprises treating said activated hydride in a substantially hydrided state with a liquid organic composition capable of imparting improved flow properties to said hydride in an amount approximately sufficient to form a mono-layer coating of said compound on each particle of said hydride and thereafter cycling said hydride through at least one absorption/desorption cycle.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
75 words
The method of claim 15, wherein said hydride is LaNi 5 hydride, organic composition comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alcohols having 3 to 8 carbon atoms and carboxylic acids having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and wherein said treating of said hydride provides a treated hydride solution comprising said hydride and said organic composition and wherein the pH of said hydride solution is between about 3 and about 5.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
77 words
The method of claim 15, wherein said hydride is FeTi hydride, said liquid organic composition comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alcohols having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and carboxylic acids having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and wherein the treating of said hydride provides a treated hydride solution comprising said hydride and said liquid organic composition and wherein the pH of said hydride solution is between about 3 and about 5.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
85 words
The method of claim 15, wherein said hydride is LaNi 5 hydride, said liquid organic composition comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, alcohols having 3 to 8 carbon atoms and olefins having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and wherein said treating of said hydride provides a treated hydride solution comprising said hydride and said liquid organic composition and wherein the pH of said hydride solution is between about 3 and about 5.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
8 words
The product of the method of claim 15.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
81 words
The method of claim 16, wherein said treating is performed at a temperature above about the boiling point and below about the critical point of said organic composition, said hydride comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of FeTi hydride and LaNi 5 hydride, and wherein said organic composition comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of primary and secondary amines having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and olefins having 2 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
80 words
The method of claim 16, wherein said hydride is an activated hydride, said gaseous organic composition comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of primary and secondary amines having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and olefins having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and said hydride comprises at least one Group VIII element, and wherein said treating is performed at a temperature above about the boiling point and below about the critical point of said gaseous organic compound.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 16, wherein said hydride is FeTi hydride, gaseous organic composition comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of primary and secondary amines having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
45 words
The method of claim 16, wherein said hydride is LaNi 5 hydride, said gaseous organic composition comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and primary and secondary amines having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 17, wherein said organic composition comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of primary and secondary amines having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and olefins having 2 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
68 words
The method of claim 18, wherein said hydride comprises at least one Group VIII element, said organic composition is a liquid and said treating is begun with said hydride in a substantially hydrided state, and wherein the treating of said hydride provides a treated hydride solution comprising said hydride and said liquid organic composition and wherein said hydride solution has a pH value that is below about 7.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
67 words
The method of claim 19, wherein said hydride comprises at least one Group VIII element, said organic composition is a liquid and said treating is begun with said hydride in a substantially hydrided state, and wherein the treating of said hydride provides a treated hydride solution comprising said hydride and said liquid organic composition and wherein the pH of the treated hydride solution is below about 7.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
67 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said hydride comprises at least one Group VIII element, said organic composition is a liquid and said treating is begun with said hydride in a substantially hydrided state, and wherein the treating of said hydride provides a treated hydride solution comprising said hydride and said liquid organic composition and wherein the pH of the treated hydride solution is below about 7.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 21, wherein said hydride comprises at least one Group VIII element.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
49 words
The method of claim 22, wherein said treating is begun with said hydride in a substantially hydrided state, and wherein said organic compound comprises at least one component having at least two carbon atoms and being selected from the group consisting of alcohols, organic acids, and organic acid salts.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 27, wherein said organic composition comprises said amines, said amines having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 31, wherein said hydride comprises at least one Group VIII element.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 33, wherein said alcohols have 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 34, wherein said organic acids and organic acid salts have 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 36, wherein said hydride comprises at least one Group VIII element.
Claim 44
Independent Claim
235 words
A method for improving flow properties of a hydrided metal hydride, said hydride being an alloy, a mixture, or an intermetallic compound, each consisting essentially of metals selected from Groups IIA, IIIA, IVB, VIB, VIIB, and VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements and being capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing hydrogen, which method comprises: (a) activating said hydride by cycling at about room temperature through one or more absorption/desorption cycles between about 500 psia and about 5 psia of hydrogen; (b) treating said hydride in a hydrided state with a liquid organic composition capable of imparting improved flow properties to said hydride comprising at least one component selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, alcohols containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, organic acids and organic acid salts containing 2 to 18 carbon atoms, in an amount approximately sufficient to form a mono-layer coating of said compound on each particle of said hydride; (c) removing substantially all excess organic composition; (d) cycling said hydride through one or more absorption/desorption cycles between about 5 psia and about 500 psia of hydrogen at a temperature above the boiling point of said organic composition; (e) cooling said hydride under about 500 psia of hydrogen; and (f) reactivating said hydride by cycling at about room temperature through one or more absorption/desorption cycles between about 500 psia and about 5 psia of hydrogen.
Claim 45
Independent Claim
235 words
A method for improving flow properties of a hydrided metal hydride, said hydride being an alloy, a mixture, or an intermetallic compound, each consisting essentially of metals selected from Groups IIA, IIIA, IVB, VIB, VIIB, and VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements and being capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing hydrogen, which method comprises: (a) activating said hydride by cycling at about room temperature through one or more absorption/desorption cycles between about 500 psia and about 5 psia of hydrogen; (b) treating said hydride in a hydrided state with a liquid organic composition capable of imparting improved flow properties to said hydride comprising at least one component selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, alcohols containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, organic acids and organic acid salts containing 2 to 18 carbon atoms, in an amount approximately sufficient to form a mono-layer coating of said compound on each particle of said hydride; (c) removing substantially all excess organic composition; (d) cycling said hydride through one or more absorption/desorption cycles between about 5 psia and about 500 psia of hydrogen at a temperature above the boiling point of said organic composition; (e) cooling said hydride under about 500 psia of hydrogen; and (f) reactivating said hydride by cycling at about room temperature through one or more absorption/desorption cycles between about 500 psia and about 5 psia of hydrogen.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 42, wherein demineralized water is stirred into the hydride after activation of said hydride.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 42, wherein said organic composition is substantially non-aqueous.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-11-25 | 1989-05-27 | 1989-11-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-11-25 | 1993-05-27 | 1993-11-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-11-25 | 1997-05-27 | 1997-11-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |