US4545818A
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Aqueous ink compositions for ball-point pens
Assignee: United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority
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Filing: 1983-10-11
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Granted: 1985-10-08
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Expires: 2003-10-11
Abstract
Abstract An aqueous ink composition for ball-point pens which comprises (i) 84.5 to 99.7 parts by weight of an aqueous medium consisting of 40 to 95% by weight of water and 60 to 5% by weight of a wetting agent, (ii) 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of a water-soluble or water-dispersible coloring agent and (iii) 0.2 to 0.45 part by weight of xanthan gum in 100 parts by weight of the total composition; and an aqueous ink composition for ball-point pens which comprises (i) 74.5 to 99.2 parts by weight of an aqueous medium consisting of 33 to 95% by weight of water and 67 to 5% by weight of a wetting agent, (ii) 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of a water-soluble or water-dispersible coloring agent, (iii) 0.2 to 0.45 part by weight of xanthan gum and (iv) 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of a permeable organic solvent in 100 parts by weight of the total composition.
Inventors
- 👤 Shigeyasu Inoue
- 👤 Hiroyoshi Yamamoto
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 16:43
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09D; C09D11/00; C09D11/16; C09D11/18
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
95 words
An aqueous ink composition for ball-point pens which comprises (i) 84.5 to 99.7 parts by weight of an aqueous medium consisting of 40 to 95% by weight of water and 60 to 5% by weight of a hygroscopic wetting agent selected from the group consisting of dihydric alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone,dimethylformamide and urea capable of inhibiting the evaporation of water, (ii) 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of a water-soluble or water-dispersible coloring agent and (iii) 0.2 to 0.45 part by weight of xanthan gum in 100 parts by weight of the total composition.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
95 words
An aqueous ink composition for ball-point pens which comprises (i) 84.5 to 99.7 parts by weight of an aqueous medium consisting of 40 to 95% by weight of water and 60 to 5% by weight of a hygroscopic wetting agent selected from the group consisting of dihydric alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone,dimethylformamide and urea capable of inhibiting the evaporation of water, (ii) 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of a water-soluble or water-dispersible coloring agent and (iii) 0.2 to 0.45 part by weight of xanthan gum in 100 parts by weight of the total composition.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the amount of xanthan gum is 0.30 to 0.40 part by weight in 100 parts by weight of the composition.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the wetting agent is at least one of polhydric alcohols.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
45 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 3 wherein the wetting agent is at least one dihydric alcohol selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3-butylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hexylene glycol and thiodiglycol.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
35 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 3 wherein the wetting agent is at least one tri- or higher-hydric alcohol selected from the group consisting of glycerin, trimethylolethane, trimethlolpropane, 3-methyl pentane-1,3,5-triol, diglycerin and sorbitol.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the wetting agent is at least one species selected from the group consisting of pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylformamide and urea.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the coloring agent is at least one of pigments.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
42 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 7 wherein the pigment is at least one species selected from the group consisting of titanium oxide, carbon black, Carmine 6B, C.I. Pigment Red 112, C.I. Pigment Blue 15 and C.I. Pigment Green 7.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the coloring agent is at least one of acid dyes.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
61 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 9 wherein the acid dye is at least one species selected from the group consisting of C.I. Acid Red 87 C.I. Acid Red 92, C.I. Acid Yellow 23, C.I. Acid Blue 9, C.I. Acid Violet 49, C.I. Acid Blue 7, C.I. Acid Orange 56, C.I. Acid Black 2 and C.I. Acid Red 18.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the coloring agent is at least one of direct dyes.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
53 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 11 wherein the coloring agent is at least one species selected from the group consisting of C.I. Direct Black 19, C.I. Direct Black 38, C.I. Direct Black 154, C.I. Direct Orange 6, C.I. Direct Yellow 44, C.I. Direct Yellow 87 and C.I. Direct Blue 71.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
137 words
An aqueous ink composition for ball-point pens which comprises (i) 74.5 to 99.2 parts by weight of an aqueous medium consisting of 33 to 95% by weight of water and 67 to 5% by weight of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of dihydric alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylformamide and urea, (ii) 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of a water-soluble or water-dispersible coloring agent, (iii) 0.2 to 0.45 part by weight of xanthan gum and (iv) as a paper permeable drying agent 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of a paper permeable organic solvent in 100 parts by weight of the total composition, said drying agent being capable of penetrating through paper and fiber so as to enhance the drying ability of the ink and improve the property of producing a smooth writing.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
137 words
An aqueous ink composition for ball-point pens which comprises (i) 74.5 to 99.2 parts by weight of an aqueous medium consisting of 33 to 95% by weight of water and 67 to 5% by weight of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of dihydric alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylformamide and urea, (ii) 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of a water-soluble or water-dispersible coloring agent, (iii) 0.2 to 0.45 part by weight of xanthan gum and (iv) as a paper permeable drying agent 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of a paper permeable organic solvent in 100 parts by weight of the total composition, said drying agent being capable of penetrating through paper and fiber so as to enhance the drying ability of the ink and improve the property of producing a smooth writing.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
30 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 13 wherein the amount of xanthan gum is 0.30 to 0.40 part by weight in 100 parts by weight of the composition.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 13 wherein the permeable organic solvent is at least one of glycol ethers.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
77 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 15 wherein the glycol ether is at least one species selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monophenyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and propylene glycol monomethyl ether.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 13 wherein the permeable organic solvent is at least one of glycol ether acetates.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
91 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 17 wherein the glycol ether acetate is at least one species selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monophenyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol diethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether acetate and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 13 wherein the permeable organic solvent is at least one of glycol acetates.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
34 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 19 wherein the glycol acetate is at least one species selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol monoacetate, ethylene glycol diacetate and diethylene glycol diacetate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 13 wherein the wetting agent is at least one of polyhydric alcohols.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
45 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 21 wherein the wetting agent is at least one dihydric alcohol selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3-butylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hexylene glycol and thiodiglycol.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
35 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 21 wherein the wetting agent is at least one tri- or higher-hydric alcohol selected from the group consisting of glycerin, trimethylolethane, trimethlolpropane, 3-methyl pentane-1,3,5-triol, diglycerin and sorbitol.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
29 words
an aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 13 wherein the wetting agent is at least one species selected from the group consisting of pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylformamide and urea.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
19 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 13 wherein the coloring agent is at least one of pigments.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
42 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 25 wherein the pigment is at least one species selected from the group consisting of titanium oxide, carbon black, Carmine 6B, C.I. Pigment Red 112, C.I. Pigment Blue 15 and C.I. Pigment Green 7.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
20 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 13 wherein the coloring agent is at least one of acid dyes.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
61 words
An aqueous ink composition as defined in claim 27 wherein the acid dye is at least one species selected from the group consisting of C.I. Acid Red 87 C.I. Acid Red 92, C.I. Acid Yellow 23, C.I. Acid Blue 9, C.I. Acid Violet 49, C.I. Acid Blue 7, C.I. Acid Orange 56, C.I. Acid Black 2 and C.I. Acid Red 18.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-10-07 | 1989-04-08 | 1989-10-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-10-07 | 1993-04-08 | 1993-10-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-10-07 | 1997-04-08 | 1997-10-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |