US4535041A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Stabilization of holograms
Assignee: Fiskars Inc A Wi Corp
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Filing: 1984-08-20
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Granted: 1985-08-13
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Expires: 2004-08-20
Abstract
Abstract Volume phase holograms formed by photopolymerization of a polymerizable monomer, e.g., lithium acrylate, exhibit substantially increased retention of diffraction efficiency when exposed to high humidity if they are sequentially treated with a zirconium compound and a fatty acid.
Inventors
- 👤 Herbert L. Fielding
- 👤 Richard T. Ingwall
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 22:18
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03F; G03F7/00; G03F7/0005; G03F7/001; G03F7/004; G03F7/027; G03F7/032
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
47 words
A volume phase hologram comprising a polymerized ethylenic unsaturated monomer and the reaction product of zirconium with a fatty acid, said reaction product being present in said hologram in a concentration effective to increase the resistance of the hologram to changes induced by exposure to high humidity.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
47 words
A volume phase hologram comprising a polymerized ethylenic unsaturated monomer and the reaction product of zirconium with a fatty acid, said reaction product being present in said hologram in a concentration effective to increase the resistance of the hologram to changes induced by exposure to high humidity.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
A volume phase hologram as defined in claim 1 wherein said monomer is a salt of acrylic acid.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
A volume phase hologram as defined in claim 2 wherein said monomer is lithium acrylate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
A volume phase hologram as defined in claim 3 wherein said hologram includes a branched polyethylenimine.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
A hologram as defined in claim 1 wherein said fatty acid is stearic, lauric, palmitic, myristic or oleic acid.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
99 words
The method of increasing the resistance to high humidity of a volume phase hologram formed by photopolymerizing an ethylenic unsaturated monomer comprising contacting said hologram with a solution of zirconium compound for a period of time sufficient for said hologram to take up a quantity of said zirconium compound and thereafter contacting said zirconium-containing hologram with a fatty acid for a period of time sufficient to form the reaction product of zirconium with said fatty acid, the concentration of said reaction product being sufficient to increase the resistance of said hologram to changes induced by exposure to high humidity.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
99 words
The method of increasing the resistance to high humidity of a volume phase hologram formed by photopolymerizing an ethylenic unsaturated monomer comprising contacting said hologram with a solution of zirconium compound for a period of time sufficient for said hologram to take up a quantity of said zirconium compound and thereafter contacting said zirconium-containing hologram with a fatty acid for a period of time sufficient to form the reaction product of zirconium with said fatty acid, the concentration of said reaction product being sufficient to increase the resistance of said hologram to changes induced by exposure to high humidity.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as defined in claim 6 wherein said monomer is a salt of acrylic acid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method as defined in claim 7 wherein said monomer is lithium acrylate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as defined in claim 6 wherein said hologram includes a branched polyethylenimine.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method as defined in claim 6 wherein said fatty acid is stearic, lauric, palmitic, myristic or oleic acid.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-08-12 | 1989-02-11 | 1989-08-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-08-12 | 1993-02-11 | 1993-08-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-08-12 | 1997-02-11 | 1997-08-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |