US4534771A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Selective crosslinking of low molecular weight sulfonated lignins and lignosulfate products produced thereby
Assignee: Westvaco Corp
•
Filing: 1984-03-21
•
Granted: 1985-08-13
•
Expires: 2004-03-21
Abstract
Abstract A process for preparing sulfonated lignins suitable for use as dispersants and additives in dye compositions wherein sulfonated lignins are post-sulfonation crosslinked with a crosslinking agent of the aldehyde, epoxide, or polyhalide type at a pH range of between about 6.1 to 9 to selectively crosslink low molecular weight sizes of the sulfonated lignins to provide improved heat stability and dispersibility of the sulfonated lignins in dye compositions. The invention also concerns disperse and vat dye compositions, and printing gels, containing the sulfonated lignins as a dispersing agent or additive.
Inventors
- 👤 Peter Dilling
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 22:05
CPC Classifications
D; D06; D06P; D06P1/00; D06P1/44; D06P1/62; C; C08; C08L; C08L97/00; C08L97/005; C09; C09B; C09B67/00; C09B67/0071; C09B67/0084; C09B67/0085; C09B67/0086
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
65 words
An improved dyestuff composition comprising a disperse or vat dye and a crosslinked sulfonated lignin dispersant prepared by the sequential steps of preparing a sulfonated lignin and crosslinking the sulfonated lignin by the addition of a crosslinking agent, wherein the improvement comprises crosslinking only the low molecular weight lignin fraction by maintaining the crosslinking reaction pH in the range from about 6.1 to below 9.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
65 words
An improved dyestuff composition comprising a disperse or vat dye and a crosslinked sulfonated lignin dispersant prepared by the sequential steps of preparing a sulfonated lignin and crosslinking the sulfonated lignin by the addition of a crosslinking agent, wherein the improvement comprises crosslinking only the low molecular weight lignin fraction by maintaining the crosslinking reaction pH in the range from about 6.1 to below 9.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The improved dyestuff composition as defined in claim 1 wherein a crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of aldehydes, epoxides, polyhalide compounds, and their derivatives.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
The improved dyestuff composition as defined in claim 2 wherein the crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaric dialdehyde, epichlorohydrin, chloroacetaldehyde, cyanuric chloride, and their derivatives.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The improved dyestuff composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the pH of the crosslinking reaction is maintained between about 7 to 8.5.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
38 words
The improved dyestuff composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the crosslinking agent is formaldehyde and wherein the formaldehyde is added to the sulfonated lignin in an amount from about 0.1 mole to 5 moles of solids lignin.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
The improved dyestuff composition as defined in claim 5 wherein the formaldehyde is present in an amount of about 0.6 mole per mole solids lignin.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
25 words
The improved dyestuff composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the crosslinking reaction is carried out under elevated temperatures for at least approximately 1 hour.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
The improved dyestuff composition as defined in claim 7 wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature of about 100° C. for 5 hours.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
The improved dyestuff composition as defined in claim 7 wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature of approximately 140° C. for 1 hour under autoclave conditions.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
28 words
The improved dyestuff composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the sulfonated lignin is prepared by sulfomethylation of the lignin at a pH level of below about 9.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The improved dyestuff composition as defined in claim 4 wherein the crosslinking reaction pH level is around 7.5.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
64 words
An improved printing gel comprising a disperse or vat dye and a sulfonated lignin additive prepared by the sequential steps of preparing a sulfonated lignin and crosslinking the sulfonated lignin by the addition of a crosslinking agent wherein the improvement comprises crosslinking only the low molecular weight lignin fraction by maintaining the crosslinking reaction pH in the range from about 6.1 to below 9.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
64 words
An improved printing gel comprising a disperse or vat dye and a sulfonated lignin additive prepared by the sequential steps of preparing a sulfonated lignin and crosslinking the sulfonated lignin by the addition of a crosslinking agent wherein the improvement comprises crosslinking only the low molecular weight lignin fraction by maintaining the crosslinking reaction pH in the range from about 6.1 to below 9.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
The improved printing gel as defined in claim 12 wherein the crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of aldehydes, epoxides, polyhalide compounds, and their derivatives.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
31 words
The improved printing gel as defined in claim 13 wherein the crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaric dialdehyde, epichlorohydrin, chloroacetaldehyde, cyanuric chloride, and their derivatives.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
23 words
The improved printing gel as defined in claim 12 wherein the pH of the crosslinking reaction is maintained between about 7 to 8.5.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
38 words
The improved printing gel as defined in claim 12 wherein the crosslinking agent is formaldehyde and wherein the formaldehyde is added to the sulfonated lignin in an amount from about 0.1 mole to 5 moles of solids lignin.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
25 words
The improved printing gel as defined in claim 16 wherein the formaldehyde is present in an amount of about 0.6 mole per mole solids lignin.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
25 words
The improved printing gel as defined in claim 12 wherein the crosslinking reaction is carried out under elevated temperatures for at least approximately 1 hour.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
25 words
The improved printing gel as defined in claim 18 wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature of about 100° C. for 5 hours.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
28 words
The improved printing gel as defined in claim 18 wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature of approximately 140° C. for 1 hour under autoclave conditions.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
28 words
The improved printing gel as defined in claim 12 wherein the sulfonated lignin is prepared by sulfomethylation of the lignin at a pH level of below about 9.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2525433A
Cited
US2680113A
Cited
US2690973A
Cited
US3094515A
Cited
US3156520A
Cited
US3503762A
Cited
US3726850A
Cited
US3769272A
Cited
US3841887A
Cited
US4007004A
Cited
US4184845A
Cited
US4001202A
Cited
US4244728A
Cited
US4131564A
Cited
US4308203A
Cited
US4355996A
Cited
US4332589A
Cited
US4338091A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-08-12 | 1989-02-11 | 1989-08-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-08-12 | 1993-02-11 | 1993-08-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-08-12 | 1997-02-11 | 1997-08-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |