US4528201A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Alkali-treated lecithin in fats
Assignee: Smucker Fruit Processing Co
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Filing: 1983-06-20
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Granted: 1985-07-09
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Expires: 2003-06-20
Abstract
Abstract Cooking fat compositions containing lecithin which resist excessive thermal darkening are disclosed. Methods for stabilizing lecithin to prevent excessive darkening in a heated cooking fat require treatment of the lecithin, or the cooking fat containing it, with a strongly basic compound. The lecithin can then be added to the fat at a higher level to improve the anti-sticking performance of the fat.
Inventors
- 👤 Edward R. Purves
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 15:03
CPC Classifications
C; C11; C11B; C11B5/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 37
Claim 1
Independent Claim
64 words
A process for retarding thermal darkening of fats containing lecithin comprising: (a) adding at least 0.00005% by weight of a strong base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide to a fat containing lecithin; and (b) heating the mixture to at least about 200° F. (93° C.); such that thermal darkening of the fat during heating is retarded.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
64 words
A process for retarding thermal darkening of fats containing lecithin comprising: (a) adding at least 0.00005% by weight of a strong base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide to a fat containing lecithin; and (b) heating the mixture to at least about 200° F. (93° C.); such that thermal darkening of the fat during heating is retarded.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the base is added to the fat prior to addition of the lecithin.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the lecithin comprises soybean lecithin.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the fat comprises triglycerides having saturated or unsaturated C 12 to C 22 fatty acid moieties.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 4 wherein the fat contains from about 0.5% to about 15% by weight of a suspension of triglyceride hardstock constituent in particulate form.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the base is added to the fat at a level of at least about 0.0003% by weight of the fat.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the base is added to the fat at a level of at least about 0.0015% by weight of the fat.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the lecithin is added to the fat at a level of from about 0.05% to about 1.0% by weight of the fat.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the lecithin is added to the fat at a level of from about 0.3% to about 0.6% by weight of the fat.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
7 words
A fat prepared according to claim 1.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
75 words
A process for retarding thermal darkening of fats containing lecithin comprising: (a) preparing an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate; (b) adding the sodium carbonate solution to a fat containing lecithin in an amount such that the concentration of sodium carbonate is from about 0.675% to about 2.7% by weight of the lecithin; (c) heating the mixture to at least about 200° F. (93° C.); such that thermal darkening of the fat during heating is retarded.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
75 words
A process for retarding thermal darkening of fats containing lecithin comprising: (a) preparing an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate; (b) adding the sodium carbonate solution to a fat containing lecithin in an amount such that the concentration of sodium carbonate is from about 0.675% to about 2.7% by weight of the lecithin; (c) heating the mixture to at least about 200° F. (93° C.); such that thermal darkening of the fat during heating is retarded.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
93 words
A process for retarding thermal darkening of fats containing lecithin by pretreatment of the lecithin comprising: (a) adding a strong base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide in an amount of at least 0.00005% by weight of the final fat composition to lecithin or lecithin mixed with a small amount of fluid fat; (b) adding the resulting mixture of step (a) to a fat; and (c) heating the mixture to about 200° F. (93° C.); such that thermal darkening of the fat during heating is retarded.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
93 words
A process for retarding thermal darkening of fats containing lecithin by pretreatment of the lecithin comprising: (a) adding a strong base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide in an amount of at least 0.00005% by weight of the final fat composition to lecithin or lecithin mixed with a small amount of fluid fat; (b) adding the resulting mixture of step (a) to a fat; and (c) heating the mixture to about 200° F. (93° C.); such that thermal darkening of the fat during heating is retarded.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 12 comprising the additional step of filtering the mixture of step (a) prior to step (b).
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
7 words
A fat prepared according to claim 12.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
7 words
A fat prepared according to claim 13.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 12 wherein the lecithin comprises soybean lecithin.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 12 wherein the fat comprises triglycerides having saturated or unsaturated C 12 to C 22 fatty acid moieties.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 17 wherein the fat contains from about 0.5% to about 15% by weight of a suspension of triglyceride hardstock constituent in particulate form.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 12 wherein the base is added at a level of at least about 0.0003% by weight of the fat.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 12 wherein the base is added at a level of at least about 0.0015% by weight of the fat.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 12 wherein the lecithin is added to a fat at a level of from about 0.05% to about 1.0% by weight of the fat.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 12 wherein the lecithin is added to the fat at a level of from about 0.3% to about 0.6% by weight of the fat.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
91 words
A process for retarding thermal darkening of fats containing lecithin comprising: (a) preparing an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate; (b) adding the sodium carbonate solution to lecithin or lecithin mixed with a small amount of fluid fat in an amount such that the concentration of sodium carbonate is from about 0.675% to about 2.7% by weight of the lecithin; (c) adding the resulting mixture to a fat; and (d) heating the mixture to at least about 200° F. (93° C.); such that thermal darkening of the fat during heating is retarded.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
91 words
A process for retarding thermal darkening of fats containing lecithin comprising: (a) preparing an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate; (b) adding the sodium carbonate solution to lecithin or lecithin mixed with a small amount of fluid fat in an amount such that the concentration of sodium carbonate is from about 0.675% to about 2.7% by weight of the lecithin; (c) adding the resulting mixture to a fat; and (d) heating the mixture to at least about 200° F. (93° C.); such that thermal darkening of the fat during heating is retarded.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
68 words
A fat composition comprising: (a) a major amount of an edible fat; (b) lecithin in an amount of at least about 0.05% by weight of the fat; and (c) a strong base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide in an amount of at least 0.00005% by weight of the fat effective to reduce thermal discoloration of the fat composition upon heating.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
68 words
A fat composition comprising: (a) a major amount of an edible fat; (b) lecithin in an amount of at least about 0.05% by weight of the fat; and (c) a strong base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide in an amount of at least 0.00005% by weight of the fat effective to reduce thermal discoloration of the fat composition upon heating.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 24 wherein the lecithin comprises soybean lecithin.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 24 wherein the fat comprises triglycerides having saturated or unsaturated C 12 to C 22 fatty acid moieties.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composition of claim 26 wherein the fat contains from about 0.5% to about 15% by weight of a suspension of triglyceride hardstock constituent in particulate form.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 24 wherein the base is at a level of at least about 0.0003% by weight of the fat.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 24 wherein the base is at a level of at least about 0.0015% by weight of the fat.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composition of claim 24 wherein the lecithin is added to a fat at a level of from about 0.3% to abour 1.0% by weight of the fat.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
57 words
A fat composition comprising: (a) a major amount of an edible fluid fat; (b) lecithin in an amount of at least 0.05% by weight of the fat; and (c) sodium carbonate at a level of from about 0.675% to about 2.7% by weight of the lecithin effective to reduce thermal discoloration of the fat composition upon heating.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
57 words
A fat composition comprising: (a) a major amount of an edible fluid fat; (b) lecithin in an amount of at least 0.05% by weight of the fat; and (c) sodium carbonate at a level of from about 0.675% to about 2.7% by weight of the lecithin effective to reduce thermal discoloration of the fat composition upon heating.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-07-08 | 1989-01-07 | 1989-07-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-07-08 | 1993-01-07 | 1993-07-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-07-08 | 1997-01-07 | 1997-07-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |