US4521452A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Gel-forming compositions and the use thereof
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1981-02-26
•
Granted: 1985-06-04
•
Expires: 2001-02-26
Abstract
Abstract Preparation of polymeric gels, filaments, and films prepared by producing a uniform dispersion of a water soluble acrylamide polymer or copolymer in the water insoluble reaction product of certain water soluble aldehydes and water soluble primary amines. The reaction is carried out in aqueous solution. Gel formation time may range from a few seconds to several minutes depending on selection of appropriate parameters. The gels have many desirable properties such as preparation from relatively nontoxic components, superior adhesion, toughness, and water impermeability. The gels have many uses such as adhesives, sealing cracks and joints in pipes, stabilizing earthen formations, waterproofing subgrade construction and as intermediates in the preparation of films, filaments, and membranes. Gels for these purposes may be treated with carbon dioxide to provide a color change and additional surface hardness.
Inventors
- 👤 Ronald E. Highsmith
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 10:58
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09K; C09K3/00; C09K3/10; C09K17/00; C09K17/14; C09K17/18; C09K17/20; C09K17/22; C09K2200/00; C09K2200/04; C09K2200/0435; C09K2200/0458; C09K2200/06; C09K2200/0615; C09K2200/0625; C09K2200/0627
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
214 words
A uniform dispersion of a water soluble acrylamide polymer or copolymer useful for reducing or eliminating the flow of water through surfaces and earthen formations, having a molecular weight of from about 10 2 to about 10 7 in the water insoluble reaction product of a water soluble aldehyde of the formula (OHC).sub.a R.sub.b wherein (a) R is selected from the group consisting of H, aliphatic, and substituted aliphatic and arylaliphatic wherein the aryl group is not adjacent an OHC group, (b) a is an integer of 1 or more, and (c) b is 0 or 1, with the proviso that (d) a is 1 when R is H and (e) when b is 0, a is 2 with a water soluble primary amine of the formula (H.sub.2 N).sub.c R'.sub.d wherein (a) R' is selected from the group consisting of H, aliphatic and substituted aliphatic and arylaliphatic wherein the aryl group is not adjacent an H 2 N group, (b) c is an integer of 1 or more, and (c) d is 0 or 1, with the proviso that (d) c is 1 when R' is H, and (e) when d is 0, c is 2, which polymer or copolymer, aldehyde and amine components are present in adequate proportions to form a polymeric gel.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
214 words
A uniform dispersion of a water soluble acrylamide polymer or copolymer useful for reducing or eliminating the flow of water through surfaces and earthen formations, having a molecular weight of from about 10 2 to about 10 7 in the water insoluble reaction product of a water soluble aldehyde of the formula (OHC).sub.a R.sub.b wherein (a) R is selected from the group consisting of H, aliphatic, and substituted aliphatic and arylaliphatic wherein the aryl group is not adjacent an OHC group, (b) a is an integer of 1 or more, and (c) b is 0 or 1, with the proviso that (d) a is 1 when R is H and (e) when b is 0, a is 2 with a water soluble primary amine of the formula (H.sub.2 N).sub.c R'.sub.d wherein (a) R' is selected from the group consisting of H, aliphatic and substituted aliphatic and arylaliphatic wherein the aryl group is not adjacent an H 2 N group, (b) c is an integer of 1 or more, and (c) d is 0 or 1, with the proviso that (d) c is 1 when R' is H, and (e) when d is 0, c is 2, which polymer or copolymer, aldehyde and amine components are present in adequate proportions to form a polymeric gel.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
48 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein the concentration of the polymer or copolymer in the dispersion is between about 0.05% to about 20% by weight and wherein the concentration of said reaction product in said dispersion is between about 0.4% to about 25% by weight of said dispersion.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The dispersion of claim 2 in which R and R' contain from 1-20 carbon atoms.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
10 words
The dispersion of claim 2 in which R is H.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
10 words
The dispersion of claim 2 in which R' is H.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
10 words
The dispersion of claim 2 in which b is 0.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
10 words
The dispersion of claim 2 in which d is 0.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
47 words
The dispersion of claim 2 in which the molecular weight of the polymer or copolymer is from about 10 3 to about 10 6 and wherein the concentration of said reaction product in said dispersion is between about 1% to about 10% by weight of said dispersion.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
34 words
The dispersion of claim 2 in which the said acrylamide polymer is of the type CH 2 ═CR 2 --CONH 2 wherein R 2 is H or an alkyl group, or a copolymer thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
The dispersion of claim 9 wherein said water soluble aldehyde is selected from formaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde and adipaldehyde.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
The dispersion of claim 9 wherein said water soluble primary aliphatic amine is selected from ammonia, n-butylamine, 1,6-hexanediamine, hydrazine, polyamines, ethylenediamine, triethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine and 1,3-propanediamine.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
The dispersion of claim 11 wherein said aldehyde is selected from formaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde and adipaldehyde.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
48 words
The dispersion of claim 12 in which the molecular weight of the polymer or copolymer is from about 10 3 to about 10 6 and in which the concentration of said reaction product in said dispersion is between about 1% to about 10% by weight of said dispersion.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method for preparing a polymeric gel which comprises forming a uniform dispersion as described in claim 1 and allowing the dispersion to react to form a polymeric gel.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method for preparing a polymeric gel which comprises forming a uniform dispersion as described in claim 2 and allowing the dispersion to react to form a polymeric gel.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 15 in which the polymeric gel so produced is reacted further with CO 2 .
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 15 in which the dispersion is prepared by mixing the polymer or copolymer, the aldehyde and the amine simultaneously.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 15 in which the dispersion is prepared by adding either the amine or the aldehyde to a mixture of the polymer or copolymer and the aldehyde or the amine and mixing the resulting composition.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
47 words
The method of claim 15 in which the aldehyde in said dispersion is selected from formaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde and adipaldehyde and in which the water soluble primary aliphatic amine in said dispersion is selected from ammonia, n-butylamine, 1,6-hexanediamine, hydrazine, polyamines, ethylenediamine, triethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine and 1,3-propanediamine.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
7 words
Polymeric gels produced according to claim 14.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
7 words
Polymeric gels produced according to claim 15.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
7 words
Polymeric gels produced according to claim 19.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method of sealing cracks or joints with a water impermeable polymeric gel which comprises injecting into said cracks or joints a dispersion as described in claim 1 and allowing said dispersion to react to form a polymeric gel.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method of sealing cracks or joints with a water impermeable polymeric gel which comprises injecting into said cracks or joints a dispersion as described in claim 2 and allowing said dispersion to react to form a polymeric gel.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method of sealing cracks or joints with a water impermeable polymeric gel which comprises injecting into said cracks or joints a dispersion as described in claim 12 and allowing said dispersion to react to form a polymeric gel.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method of preventing water permeation of a porous structural material which comprises applying to said structural material a dispersion as described in claim 1 and allowing said dispersion to react to form a polymeric gel.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method of preventing water permeation of a porous structural material which comprises applying to said structural material a dispersion as described in claim 2 and allowing said dispersion to react to form a polymeric gel.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method of preventing water permeation of a porous structural material which comprises applying to said structural material a dispersion as described in claim 12 and allowing said dispersion to react to form a polymeric gel.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2801983A
Cited
US2796656A
Cited
US2940729A
Cited
US3223163A
Cited
US3286475A
Cited
US3437625A
Cited
US3488720A
Cited
US3503946A
Cited
US3684733A
Cited
US3767755A
Cited
US3733386A
Cited
US3759197A
Cited
US4013606A
Cited
US3979348A
Cited
US4094150A
Cited
US4107119A
Cited
US4064940A
Cited
US4155405A
Cited
US4098337A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-06-03 | 1988-12-03 | 1989-06-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-06-03 | 1992-12-03 | 1993-06-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-06-03 | 1996-12-03 | 1997-06-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |