Method for regenerating water polishers using ammonium sulphate

Claim 2

In a process for regenerating cation exchange resin and anion exchange resin used for polishing water, wherein regenerants are passed through a cation resin tank containing principally the cation exchange resin and some of the anion exchange resin and an anion resin tank containing principally the anion exchange resin and some of the cation exchange resin, the improvement comprising the step of passing an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate through the cation resin tank to remove cations therefrom.

Claim 3

The method of claim 1 in which the cation resin tank contains as cations calcium, magnesium, and sodium, and the step of passing an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate comprises passing a sufficient amount of the aqueous solution through the cation resin tank so that at least 80 percent of the calcium, magnesium and sodium are removed from the cation resin tank.

Claim 4

The method of claim 1 including the step of passing through the anion resin tank spent aqueous ammonium sulfate solution that has been passed through the cation resin tank to remove chloride from the anion exchange resin in the anion resin tank.

Claim 5

The process of claim 1 wherein the step of passing an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate through the cation resin tank leaves sulfate therein, the process including the step of removing at least a portion of the sulfate from the cation resin tank by passing an aqueous solution of ammonia through the cation resin tank.

Claim 6

The process of claim 4, wherein after the step of passing an aqueous solution of ammonia through the cation resin tank, passing additional ammonium sulfate through the cation resin tank to remove sodium therefrom.

Claim 7

In a process for regenerating cation exchange resin and anion exchange resin used for polishing water, wherein regenerants are passed through a cation resin tank containing principally the cation exchange resin and some of the anion exchange resin and an anion resin tank containing principally the anion exchange resin and some of the cation exchange resin, the process including the step of continuously recycling an aqueous solution of ammonia between the cation resin tank and the anion resin tank, the improvement comprising, after the step of recycling, the step of passing ammonium sulfate through the cation resin tank to remove sodium therefrom.

Claim 8

In a process for regenerating cation exchange resin and anion exchange resin used for polishing water, wherein regenerants are passed through a cation resin tank containing principally the cation exchange resin and some of the anion exchange resin and an anion resin tank containing principally the anion exchange resin and some of the cation exchange resin, the process including the step of continuously recycling an aqueous solution of ammonia between the cation resin tank and the anion resin tank, the improvement comprising, after the step of recycling, the step of passing ammonium sulfate through the cation resin tank to remove sodium therefrom.

Claim 9

The method of claim 6 including the step of passing through the anion resin tank spent aqueous ammonium sulfate solution that has been passed through the cation resin tank to remove chloride from the anion exchange resin in the anion resin tank.

Claim 10

In a process for regenerating cation exchange resin and anion exchange resin used for polishing water, wherein regenerants are passed through a cation resin tank containing principally the cation exchange resin and some of the anion exchange resin and an anion resin tank containing principally the anion exchange resin and some of the cation exchange resin, the improvement comprising the step of passing an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate having a pH greater than 7 through the anion resin tank to remove chloride ions therefrom.

Claim 11

In a process for regenerating cation exchange resin and anion exchange resin used for polishing water, wherein regenerants are passed through a cation resin tank containing principally the cation exchange resin and some of the anion exchange resin and an anion resin tank containing principally the anion exchange resin and some of the cation exchange resin, the improvement comprising the step of passing an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate having a pH greater than 7 through the anion resin tank to remove chloride ions therefrom.

Claim 12

The method of claim 8 in which the aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate was first passed through the cation resin tank.

Claim 13

A process for regenerating an anion exchange resin having chloride and sulfate ions and a cation exchange resin having calcium, magnesium and sodium ions, the resins having been used to polish water, wherein an anion resin tank contains the major portion of the anion exchange resin and some of the cation exchange resin and a cation resin tank contains the major portion of the cation exchange resin and some of the anion exchange resin, the process comprising the steps of: (1) passing a sufficient amount of an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate through the cation resin tank to remove from the cation exchange resin at least about 80 percent of the calcium, magnesium, and sodium contained by the cation exchange resin; (2) passing a sufficient amount of the aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate that was passed through the cation resin tank and that has a pH greater than 7 through the anion resin tank until no more than about one percent of the anion exchange resin capacity is chloride ion; (3) after steps (1) and (2), (a) passing a sufficient amount of an aqueous solution of ammonia through the cation resin tank until the effluent from the cation resin tank contains less than about 0.5 ppm sodium, and (b) passing a sufficient amount of water through the anion resin tank until substantially all of the ammonium sulfate has been removed from the anion resin tank; (4) after step (3) (b), passing an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide through the anion resin tank to remove sulfate from the anion exchange resin; (5) after step (4), passing water through the anion resin tank to remove sodium from the anion exchange resin therein; (6) after step (5), passing an aqueous solution of ammonia through the anion resin tank to remove sodium from the cation exchange resin in the anion resin tank; (7) after step (6), continuously recycling between the anion resin tank and the cation resin tank an aqueous solution of ammonia to remove sodium from the anion resin tank into the cation resin tank; (8) after step (7), (a) passing water through the anion resin tank to remove ammonia therefrom, and (b) passing a sufficient amount of an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate having a pH greater than 7 through the cation resin tank so that the cation exchange resin capacity is no more than about 0.5 percent sodium; (9) after step (8) (b), passing an aqueous solution of ammonia through the cation resin tank to remove sulfate from the anion exchange resin in the cation resin tank; and (10) after step (9), passing water through the cation resin tank to remove ammonia therefrom.

Claim 14

A process for regenerating an anion exchange resin having chloride and sulfate ions and a cation exchange resin having calcium, magnesium and sodium ions, the resins having been used to polish water, wherein an anion resin tank contains the major portion of the anion exchange resin and some of the cation exchange resin and a cation resin tank contains the major portion of the cation exchange resin and some of the anion exchange resin, the process comprising the steps of: (1) passing a sufficient amount of an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate through the cation resin tank to remove from the cation exchange resin at least about 80 percent of the calcium, magnesium, and sodium contained by the cation exchange resin; (2) passing a sufficient amount of the aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate that was passed through the cation resin tank and that has a pH greater than 7 through the anion resin tank until no more than about one percent of the anion exchange resin capacity is chloride ion; (3) after steps (1) and (2), (a) passing a sufficient amount of an aqueous solution of ammonia through the cation resin tank until the effluent from the cation resin tank contains less than about 0.5 ppm sodium, and (b) passing a sufficient amount of water through the anion resin tank until substantially all of the ammonium sulfate has been removed from the anion resin tank; (4) after step (3) (b), passing an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide through the anion resin tank to remove sulfate from the anion exchange resin; (5) after step (4), passing water through the anion resin tank to remove sodium from the anion exchange resin therein; (6) after step (5), passing an aqueous solution of ammonia through the anion resin tank to remove sodium from the cation exchange resin in the anion resin tank; (7) after step (6), continuously recycling between the anion resin tank and the cation resin tank an aqueous solution of ammonia to remove sodium from the anion resin tank into the cation resin tank; (8) after step (7), (a) passing water through the anion resin tank to remove ammonia therefrom, and (b) passing a sufficient amount of an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate having a pH greater than 7 through the cation resin tank so that the cation exchange resin capacity is no more than about 0.5 percent sodium; (9) after step (8) (b), passing an aqueous solution of ammonia through the cation resin tank to remove sulfate from the anion exchange resin in the cation resin tank; and (10) after step (9), passing water through the cation resin tank to remove ammonia therefrom.

Claim 15

In a process for regenerating the anion exchange resin and a cation exchange resin used to polish water, wherein the bulk of the cation exchange resin is contained in a cation resin tank and the bulk of the anion exchange resin is contained in an anion resin tank, the process comprising the steps of passing a plurality of solutions sequentially through the cation resin tank and a plurality of solutions sequentially through the anion resin tank, the improvement comprising passing only alkaline or neutral solutions through the cation resin tank and the anion resin tank.

Claim 16

In a process for regenerating the anion exchange resin and a cation exchange resin used to polish water, wherein the bulk of the cation exchange resin is contained in a cation resin tank and the bulk of the anion exchange resin is contained in an anion resin tank, the process comprising the steps of passing a plurality of solutions sequentially through the cation resin tank and a plurality of solutions sequentially through the anion resin tank, the improvement comprising passing only alkaline or neutral solutions through the cation resin tank and the anion resin tank.

Claim 17

A process for regenerating an anion exchange resin having chloride and sulfate ions and a cation exchange resin having calcium, magnesium and sodium ions, the resins having been used to polish water, wherein an anion resin tank contains principally the anion exchange resin and some of the cation exchange resin and a cation resin tank contains principally the cation exchange resin and some of the anion exchange resin, the process comprising the steps of: (1) passing an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate through the cation resin tank to remove from the cation exchange resin calcium, magnesium, and sodium contained by the cation exchange resin, (2) passing at least a portion of the aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate that was passed through the cation resin tank and that has a pH greater than 7 through the anion resin tank to remove chloride ion therefrom; (3) after steps (1) and (2), passing an aqueous solution of ammonia through the cation resin tank to remove sodium and sulfate therefrom; (4) after step (2), passing an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide through the anion resin tank to remove sulfate from the anion exchange resin; (5) after step (4), passing an aqueous solution of ammonia through the anion resin tank to remove sodium from the cation exchange resin in the anion resin tank; (6) after step (5), continuously recycling between the anion resin tank and the cation resin tank an aqueous solution of ammonia to remove sodium from the anion resin tank into the cation resin tank; (7) after step (6), passing ammonium sulfate through the cation resin tank to remove sodium therefrom; and (8) after step (7), passing an aqueous solution of ammonia through the cation resin tank to remove sulfate from the anion exchange resin in the cation resin tank.

Claim 18

A process for regenerating an anion exchange resin having chloride and sulfate ions and a cation exchange resin having calcium, magnesium and sodium ions, the resins having been used to polish water, wherein an anion resin tank contains principally the anion exchange resin and some of the cation exchange resin and a cation resin tank contains principally the cation exchange resin and some of the anion exchange resin, the process comprising the steps of: (1) passing an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate through the cation resin tank to remove from the cation exchange resin calcium, magnesium, and sodium contained by the cation exchange resin, (2) passing at least a portion of the aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate that was passed through the cation resin tank and that has a pH greater than 7 through the anion resin tank to remove chloride ion therefrom; (3) after steps (1) and (2), passing an aqueous solution of ammonia through the cation resin tank to remove sodium and sulfate therefrom; (4) after step (2), passing an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide through the anion resin tank to remove sulfate from the anion exchange resin; (5) after step (4), passing an aqueous solution of ammonia through the anion resin tank to remove sodium from the cation exchange resin in the anion resin tank; (6) after step (5), continuously recycling between the anion resin tank and the cation resin tank an aqueous solution of ammonia to remove sodium from the anion resin tank into the cation resin tank; (7) after step (6), passing ammonium sulfate through the cation resin tank to remove sodium therefrom; and (8) after step (7), passing an aqueous solution of ammonia through the cation resin tank to remove sulfate from the anion exchange resin in the cation resin tank.

Claim 19

The process of claim 1 in which the aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate has a pH greater than 7.

Claim 20

The process of claim 13 in which the aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate has a pH of 8 to 9.

Claim 21

The process of claim 3 in which the spent aqueous ammonium sulfate solution has a pH greater than 7.

Claim 22

The process of claim 4 in which the aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate passed through the cation resin tank has a pH greater than 7.

Claim 23

The process of claim 6 in which the ammonium sulfate passed through the cation resin tank has a pH greater than 7.