US4504432A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process for producing a monofilament having high tenacity
Assignee: Resonac Holdings Corp
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Filing: 1984-01-23
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Granted: 1985-03-12
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Expires: 2004-01-23
Abstract
Abstract A monofilament of a thermoplastic resin having a high tenacity is produced by a process in which a monofilament is melt spun at a temperature of 220° C. to 310° C. from a thermoplastic resin through a nozzle having a cross-sectional area S (mm 2 ) satisfying the following equations: ##EQU1## wherein I is a maximum cross-sectional secondary moment max (Ix, Iy) (i.e., the maximum secondary moment in the cross-sectional secondary moments with respect to the main x axis and y axis passing through the center of the gravity of the cross-section); and, then, is subjected to a multi-stage stretching under the conditions satisfying the following equations: ##EQU2## wherein i is a number of stretching stages, e is a base of natural logarithm (i.e., 2.71828), V 1 is the first take-off linear velocity (m/min), V i+1 is the final take-off linear velocity (m/min) at the i-stretching stage, DR Ti is the total stretching ratio at the i-stretching stage, DR Tiw is the DR Ti from which the monofilament begins to become whitened at the i-stretching stage, T m is the melting point of the thermoplastic resin and θ i is the temperature of the filament at the i-stretching stage.
Inventors
- 👤 Ryosuke Kamei
- 👤 Toyoaki Tanaka
- 👤 Takeshi Sano
- 👤 Masataka Kotani
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 13:37
CPC Classifications
D; D01; D01D; D01D5/00; D01D5/12; D01D5/16; D01F; D01F6/00; D01F6/02; D01F6/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 38
Claim 1
Independent Claim
196 words
A process for producing a monofilament having a high tenacity from a thermoplastic resin, wherein a monofilament is melt spun at a temperature of 220° C. to 310° C. from a thermoplastic resin through a nozzle having a cross-sectional area S (mm 2 ) satisfying the following equations: ##EQU8## wherein I is a maximum cross-sectional secondary moment max (Ix, Iy) (i.e., the maximum secondary moment in the cross-sectional secondary moments with respect to the main x axis and y axis passing through the center of the gravity of the cross-section); and, then, is subjected to multi-stage stretching under the conditions satisfying the following equations: ##EQU9## wherein i is a number of stretching stages, e is a base of natural logarithm (i.e., 2.71828), V 1 is the first take-off linear velocity (m/min), V i+1 is the final take-off linear velocity (m/min) at the i-stretching stage, DR Ti is the total stretching ratio at the i-stretching stage, DR Tiw is the DR Ti from which the monofilament begins to become whitened at the i-stretching stage, T m is the melting point of the thermoplastic resin and θ i is the temperature of the filament at the i-stretching stage.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
196 words
A process for producing a monofilament having a high tenacity from a thermoplastic resin, wherein a monofilament is melt spun at a temperature of 220° C. to 310° C. from a thermoplastic resin through a nozzle having a cross-sectional area S (mm 2 ) satisfying the following equations: ##EQU8## wherein I is a maximum cross-sectional secondary moment max (Ix, Iy) (i.e., the maximum secondary moment in the cross-sectional secondary moments with respect to the main x axis and y axis passing through the center of the gravity of the cross-section); and, then, is subjected to multi-stage stretching under the conditions satisfying the following equations: ##EQU9## wherein i is a number of stretching stages, e is a base of natural logarithm (i.e., 2.71828), V 1 is the first take-off linear velocity (m/min), V i+1 is the final take-off linear velocity (m/min) at the i-stretching stage, DR Ti is the total stretching ratio at the i-stretching stage, DR Tiw is the DR Ti from which the monofilament begins to become whitened at the i-stretching stage, T m is the melting point of the thermoplastic resin and θ i is the temperature of the filament at the i-stretching stage.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
40 words
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein a neck stretching by which necking deformation occurs is effected during first-stage wet stretching and subsequent-stage dry stretching is effected by means of heated rolls after the completion of the necking deformation.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein polyethylene having a melt index of 0.1 through 0.9 g/10 min. and a ratio of a high-load melt index to a melt index of 40 or less is used.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
50 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the extrusion of the monofilament is effected through a screw type extruder having a metering portion having a groove depth Hm of 0.157D 0 .719 through 0.269D 0 .719 mm, wherein D is a bore diameter (mm) of the extruder.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
55 words
A process as claimed in claim 4, wherein polyethylene having a melt index of 0.1 through 0.9 g/10 min and a ratio of a high-load melt index to a melt index of 40 or less is melt extruded at a nozzle shear rate of 150 through 900 sec -1 and the extruded monofilament is stretched.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
90 words
A process as claimed in claim 5 wherein the first-stage neck stretching by which necking deformation occurs is effected at a deformation velocity of 50 min -1 or less and subsequent-stage stretching is effected at a deformation velocity of 20 min -1 or less ##EQU10## wherein L i is an effective stretching distance (m) at the i-stage stretching, V i is a delivery linear velocity (m/min) of the filament at the i-stretching stage and V i+1 is the final take-off linear velocity (m/min) of the filament at the i-stretching stage.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process as claimed in claim 6 wherein the first-stage neck stretching is effected at a temperature of 100° C. or less and the subsequent-stage stretching after the completion of the neck stretching is effected at a temperature of 100° C. or more.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as claimed in claim 2, wherein polyethylene having a melt index of 0.1 through 0.9 g/10 min. and a ratio of a high-load melt index to a melt index of 40 or less is used.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
48 words
A process as claimed in claim 2, wherein the extrusion of the monofilament is effected thorugh a screw type extruder having a metering portion having a groove depth Hm of 0.157D 0 .719 through 0.269D 0 .719 mm, wherein D is a bore diameter (mm) of the extruder.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
55 words
A process as claimed in claim 9, wherein polyethylene having a melt index of 0.1 through 0.9 g/10 min and a ratio of a high-load melt index to a melt index of 40 or less is melt extruded at a nozzle shear rate of 150 through 900 sec -1 and the extruded monofilament is stretched.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
90 words
A process as claimed in claim 10, wherein the first-stage neck stretching by which necking deformation occurs is effected at a deformation velocity of 50 min -1 or less and subsequent-stage stretching is effected at a deformation velocity of 20 min -1 or less ##EQU11## wherein L i is an effective stretching distance (m) at the i-stage stretching, V i is a delivery linear velocity (m/min) of the filament at the i-stretching stage and V i+1 is the final take-off linear velocity (m/min) of the filament at the i-stretching stage.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process as claimed in claim 11, wherein the first-stage neck stretching is effected at a temperature of 100° C. or less and the subsequent-stage stretching after the completion of the neck stretching is effected at a temperature of 100° C. or more.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
48 words
A process as claimed in claim 3, wherein the extrusion of the monofilament is effected through a screw type extruder having a metering portion having a groove depth Hm of 0.157D 0 .719 through 0.269D 0 .719 mm, wherein D is a bore diameter (mm) of the extruder.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
55 words
A process as claimed in claim 13, wherein polyethylene having a melt index of 0.1 through 0.9 g/10 min and a ratio of a high-load melt index to a melt index of 40 or less is melt extruded at a nozzle shear rate of 150 through 900 sec -1 and the extruded monofilament is stretched.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
90 words
A process as claimed in claim 14, wherein the first-stage neck stretching by which necking deformation occurs is effected a a deformation velocity of 50 min -1 or less and subsequent-stage stretching is effected at a deformation velocity of 20 min -1 or less ##EQU12## wherein L i is an effective stretching distance (m) at the i-stage stretching, V i is a delivery linear velocity (m/min) of the filament at the i-stretching stage and V i+1 is the final take-off linear velocity (m/min) of the filament at the i-stretching stage.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process as claimed in claim 15, wherein the first-stage neck stretching is effected at a temperature of 100° C. or less and the subsequent-stage stretching after the completion of the neck stretching is effected at a temperature of 100° C. or more.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
55 words
A process as claimed in claim 2, wherein polyethylene having a melt index of 01. through 0.9 g/10 min and a ratio of a high-load melt index to a melt index of 40 or less is melt extruded at a nozzle shear rate of 150 through 900 sec -1 and the extruded monofilament is stretched.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
90 words
A process as claimed in claim 17, wherein the first-stage neck stretching by which necking deformation occurs is effected at a deformation velocity of 50 min -1 or less and subsequent-stage stretching is effected at a deformation velocity of 20 min -1 or less ##EQU13## wherein L i is an effective stretching distance (m) at the i-stage stretching, V i is a delivery linear velocity (m/min) of the filament at the i-stretching stage and V i+1 is the final take-off linear velocity (m/min) of the filament at the i-stretching stage.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process as claimed in claim 18, wherein the first-stage neck stretching is effected at a temperature of 100° C. or less and the subsequent-stage stretching after the completion of the neck stretching is effected at a temperature of 100° C. or more.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
55 words
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein polyethylene having a melt index of 0.1 through 0.9 g/10 min and a ratio of a high-load melt index to a melt index of 40 or less is melt extruded at a nozzle shear rate of 150 through 900 sec -1 and the extruded monofilament is stretched.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
207 words
A process for producing a monofilament having a high tenacity from a thermoplastic resin, wherein a monofilament is melt spun at a temperature of 220° C. to 310° C. from a thermoplastic resin through a nozzle having a cross-sectional area S (mm 2 ) satisfying the following equations: ##EQU14## wherein I is a maximum cross-sectional secondary moment max (Ix, Iy) (i.e., the maximum secondary moment in the cross-sectional secondary moments with respect to the main X axis and y axis passing through the center of the gravity of the cross-section); and, then, is subjected to multi-stage stretching under the conditions satisfying the following equations: ##EQU15## wherein i is a number of stretching stages, e is a base of natural logarithm (i.e., 2.71828), V 1 is the first take-off linear velocity (m/min), V i+1 is the final take-off linear velocity (m/min) at the i-stretching stage, DR T1 is the stretching ratio at the first stretching stage, DR Ti is the total stretching ratio at the i-stretching stage, DR Tiw is the DR Ti from which the monofilament begins to become whitened at the i-stretching stage, T m is the melting point of the thermoplastic resin and θ i is the temperature of the filament at the i-stretching stage.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
207 words
A process for producing a monofilament having a high tenacity from a thermoplastic resin, wherein a monofilament is melt spun at a temperature of 220° C. to 310° C. from a thermoplastic resin through a nozzle having a cross-sectional area S (mm 2 ) satisfying the following equations: ##EQU14## wherein I is a maximum cross-sectional secondary moment max (Ix, Iy) (i.e., the maximum secondary moment in the cross-sectional secondary moments with respect to the main X axis and y axis passing through the center of the gravity of the cross-section); and, then, is subjected to multi-stage stretching under the conditions satisfying the following equations: ##EQU15## wherein i is a number of stretching stages, e is a base of natural logarithm (i.e., 2.71828), V 1 is the first take-off linear velocity (m/min), V i+1 is the final take-off linear velocity (m/min) at the i-stretching stage, DR T1 is the stretching ratio at the first stretching stage, DR Ti is the total stretching ratio at the i-stretching stage, DR Tiw is the DR Ti from which the monofilament begins to become whitened at the i-stretching stage, T m is the melting point of the thermoplastic resin and θ i is the temperature of the filament at the i-stretching stage.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
40 words
A process as claimed in claim 21, wherein a neck stretching by which necking deformation occurs is effected during first-stage wet stretching and subsequent-stage dry stretching is effected by means of heated rolls after the completion of the necking deformation.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as claimed in claim 21, wherein polyethylene having a melt index of 0.1 through 0.9 g/10 min. and a ratio of a high-load melt index to a melt index of 40 or less is used.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
48 words
A process as claimed in claim 21, wherein the extrusion of the monofilament is effected through a screw type extruder having a metering portion having a groove depth Hm of 0.157D 0 .719 through 0.269D 0 .719 mm, wherein D is a bore diameter (mm) of the extruder.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
55 words
A process as claimed in claim 24, wherein polyethylene having a melt index of 0.1 through 0.9 g/10 min and a ratio of a high-load melt index to a melt index of 40 or less is melt extruded at a nozzle shear rate of 150 through 900 sec -1 and the extruded monofilament is stretched.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
90 words
A process as claimed in claim 25, wherein the first-stage neck stretching by which necking deformation occurs is effected at a deformation velocity of 50 min -1 or less and subsequent-stage stretching is effected at a deformation velocity of 20 min -1 or less ##EQU16## wherein L i is an effective stretching distance (m) at the i-stage stretching, V i is a delivery linear velocity (m/min) of the filament at the i-stretching stage and V i+1 is the final take-off linear velocity (m/min) of the filament at the i-stretching stage.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process as claimed in claim 26, wherein the first-stage neck stretching is effected at a temperature of 100° C. or less and the subsequent-stage stretching after the completion of the neck stretching is effected at a temperature of 100° C. or more.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process as claimed in claim 21, wherein the first stretching ratio DR T1 is 10 or more.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process as claimed in claim 21, wherein the denier of the finished monofilament is 300 or more.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as claimed in claim 22, wherein polyethylene having a melt index of 0.1 through 0.9 g/10 min. and a ratio of a high-load melt index to a melt index of 40 or less is used.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
48 words
A process as claimed in claim 22, wherein the extrusion of the monofilament is effected through a screw type extruder having a metering portion having a groove depth Hm of 0.157D 0 .719 through 0.269D 0 .719 mm, wherein D is a bore diameter (mm) of the extruder.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
55 words
A process as claimed in claim 31, wherein polyethylene having a melt index of 0.1 through 0.9 g/10 min and a ratio of a high-load melt index to a melt index of 40 or less is melt extruded at a nozzle shear rate of 150 through 900 sec -1 and the extruded monofilament is stretched.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
90 words
A process as claimed in claim 32, wherein the first-stage neck stretching by which necking deformation occurs is effected at a deformation velocity of 50 min -1 or less and subsequent-stage stretching is effected at a deformation velocity of 20 min -1 or less ##EQU17## wherein L i is an effective stretching distance (m) at the i-stage stretching, V i is a delivery linear velocity (m/min) of the filament at the i-stretching stage and V i+1 is the final take-off linear velocity (m/min) of the filament at the i-stretching stage.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process as claimed in claim 33, wherein the first-stage neck stretching is effected at a temperature of 100° C. or less and the subsequent-stage stretching after the completion of the neck stretching is effected at a temperature of 100° C. or more.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process as claimed in claim 34, wherein the first stretching ratio DR T1 is 10 or more.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process as claimed in claim 35, wherein the denier of the finished monofilament is 300 or more.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3770861A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-03-11 | 1988-09-10 | 1989-03-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-03-11 | 1992-09-10 | 1993-03-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-03-11 | 1996-09-10 | 1997-03-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |