US4504368A
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US
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Alkali metal ion-selective compositions and elements and a method of using same
Assignee: Clinical Diagnostic Systems Inc
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Filing: 1983-07-18
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Granted: 1985-03-12
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Expires: 2003-07-18
Abstract
Abstract Ion-selective compositions which comprise an ionophore, a compound capable of solvating the ionophore and a supporting matrix are disclosed. The ionophores useful in these compositions are certain crown ethers. These ion-selective compositions are particularly useful in ion-selective membranes and electrodes which are capable of selectively transporting a first ion in preference to a second ion. Such compositions, membranes and electrodes are useful for potentiometric measurement of alkali metal ions, e.g. lithium, sodium and potassium, in aqueous solutions, e.g. biological fluids. Dry-operative electrodes using these ion-selective compositions as membranes are also disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Mary H. Delton
- 👤 Daniel S. Daniel
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 21:42
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/26; G01N27/28; G01N27/30; G01N27/333; G01N27/3335
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
240 words
A composition comprising: (a) a crown ether containing one or more ether linkages and represented by the structure: ##STR27## wherein p is 0 or 1; when p is 1, q and r are independently 0 or 1, and when p is 0, q and r are both 0; X and X' are independently azo, azoxy, azomethine, vinylene, sulfoxyl, oxydimethylene, ureylene or iminodicarbonyl; Y and Y' independently represent a bond or a linking group having the carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms necessary to complete a crown ring backbone having up to 29 atoms; Z and Z' are independently oxy, methyleneoxy, imino, amido or oxycarbonyl; R, R 1 , R' and R 1 ' are independently alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, a heterocycle, alkoxy, amino, acylamino, amido, keto, carbamoyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, halo or nitro or another substituent group having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; i, j, k and m are independently zero or a positive integer up to a number such that Q, Q 1 , Q' or Q 1 ' is fully substituted, respectively; Q, Q 1 , Q' and Q 1 ' are independently the atoms necessary to complete a 5- to 14-membered mono- or polycyclic ring; and W and W 1 are independently linking groups having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; (b) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (c) a hydrophobic binder.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
240 words
A composition comprising: (a) a crown ether containing one or more ether linkages and represented by the structure: ##STR27## wherein p is 0 or 1; when p is 1, q and r are independently 0 or 1, and when p is 0, q and r are both 0; X and X' are independently azo, azoxy, azomethine, vinylene, sulfoxyl, oxydimethylene, ureylene or iminodicarbonyl; Y and Y' independently represent a bond or a linking group having the carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms necessary to complete a crown ring backbone having up to 29 atoms; Z and Z' are independently oxy, methyleneoxy, imino, amido or oxycarbonyl; R, R 1 , R' and R 1 ' are independently alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, a heterocycle, alkoxy, amino, acylamino, amido, keto, carbamoyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, halo or nitro or another substituent group having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; i, j, k and m are independently zero or a positive integer up to a number such that Q, Q 1 , Q' or Q 1 ' is fully substituted, respectively; Q, Q 1 , Q' and Q 1 ' are independently the atoms necessary to complete a 5- to 14-membered mono- or polycyclic ring; and W and W 1 are independently linking groups having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; (b) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (c) a hydrophobic binder.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said solvating compound is a hydrophobic carrier solvent.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
62 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein p is 0; X is azo, azoxy, azomethine or vinylene; Y is (alkylene-oxy-alkylene) n wherein n is an integer of 1 to 8; Z is oxy or methyleneoxy; R and R 1 are independently alkyl, alkoxy or nitro; i and j are independently 1 or 2; and Q and Q 1 are independently aromatic carbocyclic rings.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein X is azo; n is an integer of 1 to 3; Z is oxy; and both Q and Q 1 are 6- to 10-membered aromatic carbocyclic rings.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
A composition comprising: (a) a crown ether represented by the structure ##STR28## (b) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (c) a hydrophobic binder.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
A composition comprising: (a) a crown ether represented by the structure ##STR28## (b) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (c) a hydrophobic binder.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 5 wherein said solvating compound is diisodecyl phthalate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
250 words
An ion-selective electrode having an ion-selective membrane composition comprising (a) an ionophore which is a crown ether containing one or more ether linkages and represented by the structure: ##STR29## wherein p is 0 or 1; when p is 1, q and r are independently 0 or 1, and when p is 0, q and r are both 0; X and X' are independently azo, azoxy, azomethine, vinylene, sulfoxyl, oxydimethylene, ureylene or iminodicarbonyl; Y and Y' independently represent a bond or a linking group having the carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms necessary to complete a crown ring backbone having up to 29 atoms; Z and Z' are independently oxy, methyleneoxy, imino, amido or oxycarbonyl; R, R 1 , R' and R 1 ' are independently alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, a heterocycle, alkoxy, amino, acylamino, amido, keto, carbamoyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, halo or nitro or another substituent group having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; i, j, k and m are independently zero or a positive integer up to a number such that Q, Q 1 , Q' or Q 1 ' is fully substituted, respectively; Q, Q 1 , Q' and Q 1 ' are independently the atoms necessary to complete a 5- to 14-membered mono- or polycyclic ring; and W and W 1 are independently linking groups having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; (b) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (c) a supporting matrix.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
250 words
An ion-selective electrode having an ion-selective membrane composition comprising (a) an ionophore which is a crown ether containing one or more ether linkages and represented by the structure: ##STR29## wherein p is 0 or 1; when p is 1, q and r are independently 0 or 1, and when p is 0, q and r are both 0; X and X' are independently azo, azoxy, azomethine, vinylene, sulfoxyl, oxydimethylene, ureylene or iminodicarbonyl; Y and Y' independently represent a bond or a linking group having the carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms necessary to complete a crown ring backbone having up to 29 atoms; Z and Z' are independently oxy, methyleneoxy, imino, amido or oxycarbonyl; R, R 1 , R' and R 1 ' are independently alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, a heterocycle, alkoxy, amino, acylamino, amido, keto, carbamoyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, halo or nitro or another substituent group having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; i, j, k and m are independently zero or a positive integer up to a number such that Q, Q 1 , Q' or Q 1 ' is fully substituted, respectively; Q, Q 1 , Q' and Q 1 ' are independently the atoms necessary to complete a 5- to 14-membered mono- or polycyclic ring; and W and W 1 are independently linking groups having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; (b) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (c) a supporting matrix.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
34 words
The electrode of claim 7 wherein said solvating compound is selected from the group consisting of phthalates, sebacates, aromatic and aliphatic ethers, phosphates, mixed aromatic-aliphatic phosphonates, adipates, nitrated ethers or esters, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electrode of claim 7 wherein said supporting matrix is a hydrophobic binder.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
8 words
The electrode of claim 7 comprising a surfactant.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
255 words
A dry-operative ion-selective electrode comprising a crown ether ionophore dissolved in a compound capable of solvating said crown ether, said crown ether containing one or more ether linkages and represented by the structure: ##STR30## wherein p is 0 or 1; when p is 1, q and r are independently 0 or 1, and when p is 0, q and r are both 0; X and X' are independently azo, azoxy, azomethine, vinylene, sulfoxyl, oxydimethylene, ureylene or iminodicarbonyl; Y and Y' independently represent a bond or a linking group having the carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms necessary to complete a crown ring backbone having up to 29 atoms; Z and Z' are independently oxy, methyleneoxy, imino, amido or oxycarbonyl; R, R 1 , R' and R 1 ' are independently alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, a heterocycle, alkoxy, amino, acylamino, amido, keto, carbamoyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, halo or nitro or another substituent group having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; i, j, k and m are independently zero or a positive integer up to a number such that Q, Q 1 , Q' or Q 1 ' is fully substituted, respectively; Q, Q 1 , Q' and Q 1 ' are independently the atoms necessary to complete a 5- to 14-membered mono- or polycyclic ring; and W and W 1 are independently linking groups having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; (a) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (b) a supporting matrix.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
255 words
A dry-operative ion-selective electrode comprising a crown ether ionophore dissolved in a compound capable of solvating said crown ether, said crown ether containing one or more ether linkages and represented by the structure: ##STR30## wherein p is 0 or 1; when p is 1, q and r are independently 0 or 1, and when p is 0, q and r are both 0; X and X' are independently azo, azoxy, azomethine, vinylene, sulfoxyl, oxydimethylene, ureylene or iminodicarbonyl; Y and Y' independently represent a bond or a linking group having the carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms necessary to complete a crown ring backbone having up to 29 atoms; Z and Z' are independently oxy, methyleneoxy, imino, amido or oxycarbonyl; R, R 1 , R' and R 1 ' are independently alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, a heterocycle, alkoxy, amino, acylamino, amido, keto, carbamoyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, halo or nitro or another substituent group having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; i, j, k and m are independently zero or a positive integer up to a number such that Q, Q 1 , Q' or Q 1 ' is fully substituted, respectively; Q, Q 1 , Q' and Q 1 ' are independently the atoms necessary to complete a 5- to 14-membered mono- or polycyclic ring; and W and W 1 are independently linking groups having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; (a) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (b) a supporting matrix.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
The electrode of claim 11 wherein said ionophore and solvating compound are distributed within a hydrophobic binder.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
312 words
A dry operative ion-selective electrode including: I. a dried internal reference element comprising the dried residue of a solution of a salt and a hydrophilic polymeric binder in a solvent for said binder and said salt, and II. in physical contact with said reference element, a hydrophobic ion-selective membrane of predetermined uniform thickness in regions thereof intended for physical contact with a liquid sample for analysis, said membrane comprising a hydrophobic binder having distributed therein a crown ether ionophore containing one or more ether linkages and represented by the structure ##STR31## wherein p is 0 or 1; when p is 1, q and r are independently 0 or 1, and when p is 0, q and r are both 0; X and X' are independently azo, azoxy, azomethine, vinylene, sulfoxyl, oxydimethylene, ureylene or iminodicarbonyl; Y and Y' independently represent a bond or a linking group having the carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms necessary to complete a crown ring backbone having up to 29 atoms; Z and Z' are independently oxy, methyleneoxy, imino, amido or oxycarbonyl; R, R 1 , R' and R 1 ' are independently alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, a heterocycle, alkoxy, amino, acylamino, amido, keto, carbamoyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, halo or nitro or another substituent group having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; i, j, k and m are independently zero or a positive integer up to a number such that Q, Q 1 , Q' or Q 1 ' is fully substituted, respectively; Q, Q 1 , Q' and Q 1 ' are independently the atoms necessary to complete a 5- to 14-membered mono- or polycyclic ring; and W and W 1 are independently linking groups having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; (a) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (b) a hydrophobic binder.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
312 words
A dry operative ion-selective electrode including: I. a dried internal reference element comprising the dried residue of a solution of a salt and a hydrophilic polymeric binder in a solvent for said binder and said salt, and II. in physical contact with said reference element, a hydrophobic ion-selective membrane of predetermined uniform thickness in regions thereof intended for physical contact with a liquid sample for analysis, said membrane comprising a hydrophobic binder having distributed therein a crown ether ionophore containing one or more ether linkages and represented by the structure ##STR31## wherein p is 0 or 1; when p is 1, q and r are independently 0 or 1, and when p is 0, q and r are both 0; X and X' are independently azo, azoxy, azomethine, vinylene, sulfoxyl, oxydimethylene, ureylene or iminodicarbonyl; Y and Y' independently represent a bond or a linking group having the carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms necessary to complete a crown ring backbone having up to 29 atoms; Z and Z' are independently oxy, methyleneoxy, imino, amido or oxycarbonyl; R, R 1 , R' and R 1 ' are independently alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, a heterocycle, alkoxy, amino, acylamino, amido, keto, carbamoyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, halo or nitro or another substituent group having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; i, j, k and m are independently zero or a positive integer up to a number such that Q, Q 1 , Q' or Q 1 ' is fully substituted, respectively; Q, Q 1 , Q' and Q 1 ' are independently the atoms necessary to complete a 5- to 14-membered mono- or polycyclic ring; and W and W 1 are independently linking groups having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; (a) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (b) a hydrophobic binder.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
62 words
The electrode of claim 13 wherein p is 0; X is azo, azoxy, azomethine or vinylene; Y is (alkylene-oxy-alkylene) n wherein n is an integer of 1 to 8; Z is oxy or methyleneoxy; R and R 1 are independently alkyl, alkoxy or nitro; i and j are independently 1 or 2; and Q and Q 1 are independently aromatic carbocyclic rings.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
33 words
The electrode of claim 14 wherein X is azo; n is an integer of 1 to 3; Z is oxy; and both Q and Q 1 are 6- to 10-membered aromatic carbocyclic rings.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
26 words
The electrode of claim 13 wherein said ionophore has the structure ##STR32## (b) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (c) a hydrophobic binder.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
12 words
The electrode of claim 13 wherein said carrier solvent is diisodecyl phthalate.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
285 words
A method for determining the concentration of an alkali metal ion in a specimen sample, said method comprising physically contacting said sample with an electrode sensitive to said alkali metal ion, said electrode comprising a membrane composition sensitive to said alkali metal ion, said composition comprising: (a) a crown ether ionophore containing one or more ether linkages and represented by the structure ##STR33## wherein p is 0 or 1; when p is 1, q and r are independently 0 or 1, and when p is 0, q and r are both 0; X and X' are independently azo, azoxy, azomethine, vinylene, sulfoxyl, oxydimethylene, ureylene or iminodicarbonyl; Y and Y' independently represent a bond or a linking group having the carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms necessary to complete a crown ring backbone having up to 29 atoms; Z and Z' are independently oxy, methyleneoxy, imino, amido or oxycarbonyl; R, R 1 , R' and R 1 ' are independently alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, a heterocycle, alkoxy, amino, acylamino, amido, keto, carbamoyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, halo or nitro or another substituent group having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; i, j, k and m are independently zero or a positive integer up to a number such that Q, Q 1 , Q' or Q 1 ' is fully substituted, respectively; Q, Q 1 , Q' and Q 1 ' are independently the atoms necessary to complete a 5- to 14-membered mono- or polycyclic ring; and W and W 1 are independently linking groups having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; (b) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (c) a hydrophobic polymer binder.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
285 words
A method for determining the concentration of an alkali metal ion in a specimen sample, said method comprising physically contacting said sample with an electrode sensitive to said alkali metal ion, said electrode comprising a membrane composition sensitive to said alkali metal ion, said composition comprising: (a) a crown ether ionophore containing one or more ether linkages and represented by the structure ##STR33## wherein p is 0 or 1; when p is 1, q and r are independently 0 or 1, and when p is 0, q and r are both 0; X and X' are independently azo, azoxy, azomethine, vinylene, sulfoxyl, oxydimethylene, ureylene or iminodicarbonyl; Y and Y' independently represent a bond or a linking group having the carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms necessary to complete a crown ring backbone having up to 29 atoms; Z and Z' are independently oxy, methyleneoxy, imino, amido or oxycarbonyl; R, R 1 , R' and R 1 ' are independently alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, a heterocycle, alkoxy, amino, acylamino, amido, keto, carbamoyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, halo or nitro or another substituent group having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; i, j, k and m are independently zero or a positive integer up to a number such that Q, Q 1 , Q' or Q 1 ' is fully substituted, respectively; Q, Q 1 , Q' and Q 1 ' are independently the atoms necessary to complete a 5- to 14-membered mono- or polycyclic ring; and W and W 1 are independently linking groups having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; (b) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (c) a hydrophobic polymer binder.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
341 words
A method for determining the concentration of an alkali metal ion in a specimen sample, said method comprising the steps of: A. bringing said sample into physical contact with a dry ion-selective electrode which is capable of making potentiometric measurements related to alkali metal ion concentration, said dry ion-selective electrode comprising: I. a reference electrode in physical contact with II. a reference composition which is in turn in physical contact with one side of III. a membrane composition sensitive to said alkali metal ion, said composition comprising: (a) a crown ether ionophore containing one or more ether linkages and represented by the structure ##STR34## wherein p is 0 or 1; when p is 1, q and r are independently 0 or 1, and when p is 0, q and r are both 0; X and X' are independently azo, azoxy, azomethine, vinylene, sulfoxyl, oxydimethylene, ureylene or iminodicarbonyl; Y and Y' independently represent a bond or a linking group having the carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms necessary to complete a crown ring backbone having up to 29 atoms; Z and Z' are independently oxy, methyleneoxy, imino, amido or oxycarbonyl; R, R 1 , R' and R 1 ' are independently alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, a heterocycle, alkoxy, amino, acylamino, amido, keto, carbamoyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, halo or nitro or another substituent group having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; i, j, k and m are independently zero or a positive integer up to a number such that Q, Q 1 , Q' or Q 1 ' is fully substituted, respectively; Q, Q 1 , Q' and Q 1 ' are independently the atoms necessary to complete a 5- to 14-membered mono- or polycyclic ring; and W and W 1 are independently linking groups having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; (b) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (c) a hydrophobic polymer binder; and B. measuring the difference in potential between said specimen sample and said reference electrode.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
341 words
A method for determining the concentration of an alkali metal ion in a specimen sample, said method comprising the steps of: A. bringing said sample into physical contact with a dry ion-selective electrode which is capable of making potentiometric measurements related to alkali metal ion concentration, said dry ion-selective electrode comprising: I. a reference electrode in physical contact with II. a reference composition which is in turn in physical contact with one side of III. a membrane composition sensitive to said alkali metal ion, said composition comprising: (a) a crown ether ionophore containing one or more ether linkages and represented by the structure ##STR34## wherein p is 0 or 1; when p is 1, q and r are independently 0 or 1, and when p is 0, q and r are both 0; X and X' are independently azo, azoxy, azomethine, vinylene, sulfoxyl, oxydimethylene, ureylene or iminodicarbonyl; Y and Y' independently represent a bond or a linking group having the carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms necessary to complete a crown ring backbone having up to 29 atoms; Z and Z' are independently oxy, methyleneoxy, imino, amido or oxycarbonyl; R, R 1 , R' and R 1 ' are independently alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, a heterocycle, alkoxy, amino, acylamino, amido, keto, carbamoyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, halo or nitro or another substituent group having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; i, j, k and m are independently zero or a positive integer up to a number such that Q, Q 1 , Q' or Q 1 ' is fully substituted, respectively; Q, Q 1 , Q' and Q 1 ' are independently the atoms necessary to complete a 5- to 14-membered mono- or polycyclic ring; and W and W 1 are independently linking groups having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; (b) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (c) a hydrophobic polymer binder; and B. measuring the difference in potential between said specimen sample and said reference electrode.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
134 words
An ion-selective electrode having an ion-selective membrane composition comprising (a) an ionophore which is a crown ether represented by the structure ##STR35## wherein p is 0; X is azo; Y is substituted or unsubstituted --alkylene-oxy-alkylene) n wherein n is an integer of 1 to 3; Z is oxy; R and R 1 are independently alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, a heterocycle, alkoxy, amino, acylamino, amido, keto, carbamoyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, halo or nitro or another substituent group having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; i and j are independently zero or a positive integer up to a number such that Q or Q 1 is fully substituted, respectively; and Q and Q 1 are phenylene rings; (b) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (c) a supporting matrix.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
134 words
An ion-selective electrode having an ion-selective membrane composition comprising (a) an ionophore which is a crown ether represented by the structure ##STR35## wherein p is 0; X is azo; Y is substituted or unsubstituted --alkylene-oxy-alkylene) n wherein n is an integer of 1 to 3; Z is oxy; R and R 1 are independently alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, a heterocycle, alkoxy, amino, acylamino, amido, keto, carbamoyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, halo or nitro or another substituent group having up to 60 carbon, sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the backbone; i and j are independently zero or a positive integer up to a number such that Q or Q 1 is fully substituted, respectively; and Q and Q 1 are phenylene rings; (b) a compound capable of solvating said crown ether; and (c) a supporting matrix.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
20 words
The electrode of claim 20 which is potassium ion-selective and wherein said ionophore has said structure wherein n is 2.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
20 words
The electrode of claim 20 which is sodium ion-selective and wherein said ionophore has said structure wherein n is 1.
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