US4478047A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Energy efficient glass door merchandiser
Assignee: Tyler Refrigeration Corp
•
Filing: 1982-02-16
•
Granted: 1984-10-23
•
Expires: 2002-02-16
Abstract
Abstract A refrigerated display case having a display section within a cabinet and a movable door covering a front access opening to such display section. The door includes a frame member in which two glass members are mounted with an air space between the glass members. A refrigeration air conduit extends along the top, bottom and rear walls of the cabinet. The air conduit has an outlet opening and an inlet opening at opposing ends thereof with the openings being in alignment so that air leaving the outlet opening will be directed towards and received by the inlet opening thereby forming an air curtain across the front opening of the cabinet along the path inside the door. During a refrigeration cycle of operation of the display case, refrigerated air is circulated through the air conduit and a refrigeration mechanism arranged within the conduit so as to establish a refrigerated air band and a refrigerated air curtain across the front opening in the cabinet. In order to minimize any accumulation of condensation between the glass members in the door, an ambient air flow between the glass members is established when the door is in a closed position. During a defrost cycle of operation, the refrigeration mechanism is turned off and the door covering the front access opening is slightly opened. Ambient air is then drawn into the refrigeration air conduit and circulated through the conduit. Such ambient air serves to defrost the refrigeration mechanism and the interior of the refrigeration air conduit.
Inventors
- 👤 Fayez F. Ibrahim
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 06:45
CPC Classifications
A; A47; A47F; A47F3/00; A47F3/04; A47F3/0404; A47F3/0408; F; F25; F25D; F25D21/00; F25D21/06; F25D21/12; F25D21/125
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 45
Claim 1
Independent Claim
229 words
A glass door refrigerated display case comprising: a cabinet having top, bottom, rear and front walls and an interior display space, with an access opening in said front wall for enabling access into said interior display space; at least one glass door covering said access opening in said front wall, said door being movable into an open position for enabling access to products in said interior display space; a refrigeration air conduit extending along said top, bottom and rear walls and having an outlet opening and an inlet opening at opposing ends thereof, said outlet opening and said inlet opening being arranged so that air leaving said outlet opening will be directed toward and received by said inlet opening so as to form a refrigerated air curtain across said front opening along a path inside of said door; refrigeration means including an evaporator coil arranged within said refrigeration air conduit for refrigerating air circulated through said refrigeration air conduit during a refrigeration cycle of operation; first air circulating means for circulating air through said refrigeration air conduit; and, a secondary air conduit extending at least partially around said refrigeration air conduit and having an outlet opening adjacent to said outlet opening of said refrigeration air conduit for directing air across said access opening along a path inside of said glass door so as to form a secondary air curtain.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
229 words
A glass door refrigerated display case comprising: a cabinet having top, bottom, rear and front walls and an interior display space, with an access opening in said front wall for enabling access into said interior display space; at least one glass door covering said access opening in said front wall, said door being movable into an open position for enabling access to products in said interior display space; a refrigeration air conduit extending along said top, bottom and rear walls and having an outlet opening and an inlet opening at opposing ends thereof, said outlet opening and said inlet opening being arranged so that air leaving said outlet opening will be directed toward and received by said inlet opening so as to form a refrigerated air curtain across said front opening along a path inside of said door; refrigeration means including an evaporator coil arranged within said refrigeration air conduit for refrigerating air circulated through said refrigeration air conduit during a refrigeration cycle of operation; first air circulating means for circulating air through said refrigeration air conduit; and, a secondary air conduit extending at least partially around said refrigeration air conduit and having an outlet opening adjacent to said outlet opening of said refrigeration air conduit for directing air across said access opening along a path inside of said glass door so as to form a secondary air curtain.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 1, further comprising means for circulating ambient air through said glass door.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
45 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 2, wherein said means for circulating ambient air through said door further includes means for establishing an ambient air flow along the outside of said glass door when said glass door is in its closed position.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
36 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 1 or 3, wherein said secondary air conduit has an inlet opening arranged within said refrigeration air conduit for receiving air passing through said refrigeration air conduit.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
55 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 4, wherein said inlet opening of said secondary air conduit is arranged so that it receives some air that has passed partially through said evaporator coil of said refrigeration means so as to establish a temperature gradient in the air flowing through said secondary air conduit.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 5, wherein there is approximately a 10° F. gradient in the air flowing through said secondary air conduit.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
55 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 1 or 3 wherein said secondary air conduit extends entirely around said refrigeration air conduit and has an inlet opening arranged adjacent to said inlet opening of said refrigeration air conduit and further comprising secondary air circulating means for circulating air through said secondary air conduit.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
58 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 1 or 3 further comprising control means for switching said glass door refrigerated display case into a defrost cycle of operation and during such defrost cycle of operation said control means temporarily turns off said refrigeration means and causes ambient air to be circulated through said refrigeration air conduit.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
46 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 8, wherein said control means causes said first air circulating means to circulate ambient air through said refrigeration air conduit in a direction opposite to the direction of flow of air during a refrigeration cycle of operation.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
54 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 6 further comprising control means for switching said glass door refrigerated display case into a defrost cycle of operation and during such defrost cycle said control means temporarily turns off said refrigeration means and causes ambient air to be circulated through said refrigeration air conduit.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
44 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 10, wherein said control means causes said first air circulating means to circulate ambient air through said refrigeration air conduit in a direction opposite to the direction of flow during a refrigeration cycle of operation.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
88 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 11, wherein said first air circulating means also causes ambient air to flow through said secondary air conduit during a defrost cycle of operation and for such air to flow in a direction opposite the direction of flow during a refrigeration cycle of operation and such ambient air flow through said secondary air conduit being such that it transfers heat by conduction and convection to the air flowing through said refrigeration air conduit during a defrost cycle of operation.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
56 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 7 further comprising control means for switching said glass door refrigerated display case into a defrost cycle of operation and during such defrost cycle of operation said control means temporarily turns off said refrigeration means and causes ambient air to be circulated through said refrigeration air conduit.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
106 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 8, wherein during a defrost cycle of operation said control means causes said secondary air circulating means to draw ambient air into said secondary air conduit so as to flow in a direction opposite the direction of air flow during a refrigeration cycle of operation and said first air circulating means maintains a flow of air in the same direction during a defrost cycle of operation as during a refrigeration cycle of operation and further comprising means for diverting ambient air from said secondary air conduit into said refrigeration air conduit during a defrost cycle of operation.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
68 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 13, wherein said control means causes both said first air circulating means and said second air circulating means to cause ambient air to flow through said refrigeration air conduit and said secondary air conduit, respectively, in a direction during a defrost cycle of operation that is opposite to the direction of air flow during a refrigeration cycle of operation.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
48 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 14 further comprising means for opening said glass door during a defrost cycle of operation so that said secondary air circulating means can draw in ambient air from outside of said display case during such defrost cycle of operation.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
62 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 15 further comprising means for opening said glass door during a defrost cycle of operation so that both said first air circulating means and said second air circulating means can draw in ambient air for circulation through said refrigeration air conduit and said secondary air conduit, respectively, during a defrost cycle of operation.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
61 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 17 further comprising means for opening said glass door during a defrost cycle of operation and said control means reversing the direction of flow through said refrigeration air conduit, causing said first air circulating means to draw ambient air into said refrigeration air conduit and turning off said second air circulating means.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
210 words
A glass door refrigerated display case comprising: a cabinet having top, bottom, rear and front walls and an interior display space, with an access opening in said front wall for enabling access into said interior display space; at least one glass door covering said access opening in said front wall, said door being movable into an open position for enabling access to products in said interior display space, said door having two glass members mounted within a frame with a space between said glass members; a refrigeration air conduit extending along said top, bottom and rear walls and having an outlet opening and an inlet opening at opposing ends thereof, said outlet opening and said inlet opening being arranged so that air leaving said outlet opening will be directed toward and received by said inlet opening so as to form a refrigerated air curtain across said front opening along a path inside of said door; refrigeration means including an evaporator coil arranged within said refrigeration air conduit for refrigerating air circulated through said refrigeration air conduit during a refrigeration cycle of operation; first air circulating means for circulating air through said refrigeration air conduit; and means for minimizing condensation outside said glass members without requiring utilization of an electrical heater.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
210 words
A glass door refrigerated display case comprising: a cabinet having top, bottom, rear and front walls and an interior display space, with an access opening in said front wall for enabling access into said interior display space; at least one glass door covering said access opening in said front wall, said door being movable into an open position for enabling access to products in said interior display space, said door having two glass members mounted within a frame with a space between said glass members; a refrigeration air conduit extending along said top, bottom and rear walls and having an outlet opening and an inlet opening at opposing ends thereof, said outlet opening and said inlet opening being arranged so that air leaving said outlet opening will be directed toward and received by said inlet opening so as to form a refrigerated air curtain across said front opening along a path inside of said door; refrigeration means including an evaporator coil arranged within said refrigeration air conduit for refrigerating air circulated through said refrigeration air conduit during a refrigeration cycle of operation; first air circulating means for circulating air through said refrigeration air conduit; and means for minimizing condensation outside said glass members without requiring utilization of an electrical heater.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
26 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 19, wherein said means for minimizing condensation includes means for circulating ambient air through said glass door.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
75 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 20, wherein said means for circulating ambient air through said door includes an ambient air conduit having an outlet opening arranged in alignment with said glass door for directing air between said glass members when said glass door is in a closed position and ambient air circulating means for drawing ambient air into said ambient air conduit and circulating ambient air through said ambient air conduit.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
42 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 21, wherein said means for circulating ambient air further includes means for establishing an ambient air flow along the outside of said glass door when said glass door is in its closed position.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
63 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 19 further comprising: a secondary air conduit extending at least partially around said refrigeration air conduit and having an outlet opening adjacent to said outlet opening of said refrigeration air conduit for directing air across said access opening along a path inside of said glass door so as to form a secondary air curtain.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
34 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 23, wherein said secondary air conduit has an inlet opening arranged within said refrigeration air conduit for receiving air passing through said refrigeration air conduit.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
55 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 24, wherein said inlet opening of said secondary air conduit is arranged so that it receives some air that has passed partially through said evaporator coil of said refrigeration means so as to establish a temperature gradient in the air flowing through said secondary air conduit.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
27 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 25, wherein there is approximately a 10° F. gradient in the air flowing through said secondary air conduit.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
53 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 23, wherein said secondary air conduit extends entirely around said refrigeration air conduit and has an inlet opening arranged adjacent to said inlet opening of said refrigeration air conduit and further comprising secondary air circulating means for circulating air through said secondary air conduit.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
58 words
A glass door refrigerated display case according to claim 19 or 23 further comprising control means for switching said glass door refrigerated display case into a defrost cycle of operation and during such defrost cycle of operation said control means temporarily turns off said refrigeration means and causes ambient air to be circulated through said refrigeration air conduit.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
179 words
A method of operating a glass door refrigerated display case having a cabinet with an access opening in its front wall for enabling access into an interior display space within the cabinet, at least one glass door covering the access opening, such glass door being movable into an open position for enabling access to products within the interior display space and having two glass members mounted within a frame with a space between such glass members, a refrigeration air conduit extending along the cabinet with an outlet opening and an inlet opening arranged at opposing ends of the access opening, the method comprising the steps of: circulating air through the refrigeration air conduit with such air being emitted from the outlet opening, directed across the access opening and received back into the inlet opening during a refrigeration cycle of operation; refrigerating the air circulated through the refrigeration air conduit during a refrigeration cycle of operation; and, circulating ambient air through the glass door outside the glass members so as to minimize any accumulation of condensation within the glass door.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
179 words
A method of operating a glass door refrigerated display case having a cabinet with an access opening in its front wall for enabling access into an interior display space within the cabinet, at least one glass door covering the access opening, such glass door being movable into an open position for enabling access to products within the interior display space and having two glass members mounted within a frame with a space between such glass members, a refrigeration air conduit extending along the cabinet with an outlet opening and an inlet opening arranged at opposing ends of the access opening, the method comprising the steps of: circulating air through the refrigeration air conduit with such air being emitted from the outlet opening, directed across the access opening and received back into the inlet opening during a refrigeration cycle of operation; refrigerating the air circulated through the refrigeration air conduit during a refrigeration cycle of operation; and, circulating ambient air through the glass door outside the glass members so as to minimize any accumulation of condensation within the glass door.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method according to claim 29 further comprising the step of establishing a secondary air curtain across the access opening lying outside of the refrigerated air curtain but inside of the glass door.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method according to claim 29 further comprising the step of establishing an ambient air flow along the outside of the glass door when the glass door is in its closed position.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
49 words
A method according to claim 29, 30 or 31 further comprising the step of switching the display case into a defrost cycle of operation and during such defrost cycle of operation circulating ambient air through the refrigeration air conduit so as to defrost any frost buildup within such conduit.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
262 words
A refrigerated display case comprising: a cabinet having top, bottom, rear and front walls and an interior display space, with an access opening in said front wall for enabling access into said interior display space; at least one door covering said access opening in said front wall, said door being movable into an open position for enabling access to products in said interior display space; a refrigeration air conduit extending along said top, bottom and rear walls and having an outlet opening and an inlet opening at opposing ends thereof, said outlet opening and said inlet opening being arranged so that air leaving said outlet opening will be directed toward and received by said inlet opening so as to form a refrigerated air curtain across said front opening along a path inside of said door; refrigeration means including an evaporator coil arranged within said refrigeration air conduit for refrigerating air circulated through said refrigeration air conduit during a refrigeration cycle of operation; first air circulating means for circulating air through said refrigeration air conduit; a secondary air conduit extending around said refrigeration air conduit and having an outlet opening and an inlet opening respectively adjacent to said outlet opening and said inlet opening of said refrigeration air conduit for directing air across said access opening along a path inside of said glass door so as to form a secondary air curtain; second air circulating means for circulating air through said secondary air conduit; and, actuating means for selectively actuating said secondary air circulating means for operation only when said door is opened.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
262 words
A refrigerated display case comprising: a cabinet having top, bottom, rear and front walls and an interior display space, with an access opening in said front wall for enabling access into said interior display space; at least one door covering said access opening in said front wall, said door being movable into an open position for enabling access to products in said interior display space; a refrigeration air conduit extending along said top, bottom and rear walls and having an outlet opening and an inlet opening at opposing ends thereof, said outlet opening and said inlet opening being arranged so that air leaving said outlet opening will be directed toward and received by said inlet opening so as to form a refrigerated air curtain across said front opening along a path inside of said door; refrigeration means including an evaporator coil arranged within said refrigeration air conduit for refrigerating air circulated through said refrigeration air conduit during a refrigeration cycle of operation; first air circulating means for circulating air through said refrigeration air conduit; a secondary air conduit extending around said refrigeration air conduit and having an outlet opening and an inlet opening respectively adjacent to said outlet opening and said inlet opening of said refrigeration air conduit for directing air across said access opening along a path inside of said glass door so as to form a secondary air curtain; second air circulating means for circulating air through said secondary air conduit; and, actuating means for selectively actuating said secondary air circulating means for operation only when said door is opened.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
31 words
A refrigerated display case according to claim 33, further comprising means for establishing an ambient air flow along the outside of said door when said door is in its closed position.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
54 words
A refrigerated display case according to claim 33 or 34 further comprising control means for switching said refrigerated display case into a defrost cycle of operation and during such defrost cycle of operation said control means temporarily turns off said refrigeration means and causes ambient air to be circulated through said refrigeration air conduit.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
44 words
A refrigerated display case according to claim 35, wherein said control means causes said first air circulating means to circulate ambient air through said refrigeration air conduit in a direction opposite to the direction of flow of air during a refrigeration cycle of operation.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
104 words
A refrigerated display case according to claim 35, wherein during a defrost cycle of operation said control means causes said secondary air circulating means to draw ambient air into said secondary air conduit so as to flow in a direction opposite the direction of air flow during a refrigeration cycle of operation and said first air circulating means maintains a flow of air in the same direction during a defrost cycle of operation as during a refrigeration cycle of operation and further comprising means for diverting ambient air from said secondary air conduit into said refrigeration air conduit during a defrost cycle of operation.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
66 words
A refrigerated display case according to claim 35. wherein said control means causes both said first air circulating means and said second air circulating means to cause ambient air to flow through said refrigeration air conduit and said secondary air conduit, respectively, in a direction during a defrost cycle of operation that is opposite to the direction of air flow during a refrigeration cycle of operation.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
45 words
A refrigerated display case according to claim 37 further comprising means for opening said door during a defrost cycle of operation so that said secondary air circulating means can draw in ambient air from outside of said display case during such defrost cycle of operation.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
59 words
A refrigerated display case according to claim 38 further comprising means for opening said door during a defrost cycle of operation so that both said first air circulating means and said second air circulating means can draw in ambient air for circulation through said refrigeration air conduit and said secondary air conduit, respectively, during a defrost cycle of operation.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
58 words
A refrigerated display case according to claim 35 further comprising means for opening said door during a defrost cycle of operation and said control means reversing the direction of flow through said refrigeration air conduit, causing said first air circulating means to draw ambient air into said refrigeration air conduit and turning off said second air circulating means.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-10-23 | 1988-04-23 | 1988-10-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-10-23 | 1992-04-23 | 1992-10-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-10-23 | 1996-04-23 | 1996-10-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |