Patent FR2198580A5 successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4473378A
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Desensitized cetane improvers
Assignee: Ethyl Corp
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Filing: 1983-03-28
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Granted: 1984-09-25
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Expires: 2003-03-28
Abstract
Abstract Compounds that are themselves effective cetane improvers in diesel fuel but are considered too explosion sensitive for safe handling can be rendered relatively nonsensitive by blending with C 5 to C 12 alkyl nitrates and the resulting blend is an effective cetane improver. An example is a 50--50 blend of 2-methyl-2-nitropropyl nitrate, a shock-sensitive compound, with isooctyl nitrate to give a relatively insensitive but very effective cetane improver.
Inventors
- 👤 John V. Hanlon
- 👤 James B. Hinkamp
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 20:50
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L1/22; C10L1/23; C10L1/231; F; F02; F02B; F02B3/00; F02B3/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
94 words
A desensitized cetane improver for use in diesel fuel, said cetane improver comprising a mixture of (a) at least one compound having a 50% explosion Drop Weight Rating of less than 20 Kg centimeters as measured by ASTM Method D-2540 and being capable of given a greater cetane increase than an equal weight of any C 5 to C 12 alkyl nitrate and (b) a C 5 to C 12 alkyl nitrate in an amount sufficient to increase the ASTM D-2540 rating of the mixture to a value of at least 40 Kg cms.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
94 words
A desensitized cetane improver for use in diesel fuel, said cetane improver comprising a mixture of (a) at least one compound having a 50% explosion Drop Weight Rating of less than 20 Kg centimeters as measured by ASTM Method D-2540 and being capable of given a greater cetane increase than an equal weight of any C 5 to C 12 alkyl nitrate and (b) a C 5 to C 12 alkyl nitrate in an amount sufficient to increase the ASTM D-2540 rating of the mixture to a value of at least 40 Kg cms.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
32 words
A cetane improver of claim 1 wherein said alkyl nitrate is selected from the group consisting of pentyl nitrates, hexyl nitrates, heptyl nitrates, octyl nitrates, nonyl nitrates, decyl nitrates, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
56 words
A cetane improver of claim 2 wherein said compound having a 50% explosion ASTM D-2540 rating of less than 20 Kg centimeters is selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 3 alkyl nitrates, C 2 -C 6 organic polynitrates, C 3 -C 8 ether nitrates, C 3 -C 6 organic nitro-nitrates, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
64 words
A cetane improver of claim 3 wherein said compound is an ether nitrate having the formula: R.sub.1 --OR.sub.2 --ONO.sub.2 or O.sub.2 N--OR.sub.3 --.sub.m ONO.sub.2 wherein R 1 is a C 1 -C 4 alkyl and R 2 and R 3 are C 2 -C 4 divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, n is an integer from 1 to 4, and m is an integer from 2-4.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
A cetane improver of claim 4 wherein said compound is a polyethylene glycol dinitrate containing 2-4 ethylene units.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
44 words
A cetane improver of claim 3 wherein said compound is a C 3 -C 6 organic nitro-nitrate having the formula: ##STR2## wherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing 3-6 carbon atoms and p and q are integers independently selected from 1 and 2.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
A cetane improver of claim 6 wherein said compound is 2-methyl-2-nitro-propyl nitrate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
47 words
A de-sensitized cetane improver consisting essentially of (a) about 25-75 weight percent of an organic nitro-nitrate containing 3-6 carbon atoms having an ASTM Method D-2540 Drop Weight Rating below about 20 Kg centimeters, and (b) about 75-25 weight percent of an alkyl nitrate containing 5-8 carbon atoms.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
47 words
A de-sensitized cetane improver consisting essentially of (a) about 25-75 weight percent of an organic nitro-nitrate containing 3-6 carbon atoms having an ASTM Method D-2540 Drop Weight Rating below about 20 Kg centimeters, and (b) about 75-25 weight percent of an alkyl nitrate containing 5-8 carbon atoms.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
A de-sensitized cetane improver of claim 8 wherein said organic nitro-nitrate is 2-methyl-2-nitro-propyl nitrate.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-09-25 | 1988-03-26 | 1988-09-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-09-25 | 1992-03-26 | 1992-09-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-09-25 | 1996-03-26 | 1996-09-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |