Abstract A method of increasing the abrasion resistance of glass articles is disclosed. It has been found that by providing a vitreous substrate with a micro-roughened surface and an overlayer of dry lubricious organic coating, substantially increased lubricity and abrasion resistance is obtained. When the micro-roughened surface is provided by bonding a discontinuous distribution of discrete particulate material to the surface, a substantial increase in abrasion resistance and lubricity is realized even without the overlayer of dry lubricious coating thereby making the present invention particularly adaptable to use in the hot end of a glassware manufacturing process. Further, when the particulate material is fusible at about the annealing temperature of the glassware and is applied at the hot end, the particulate material will protect the glass surface through the hot end by bearing the major part of any loads created by contact between the glassware and other objects in its transport through the hot end. Upon being annealed, the particulate material will fuse and self-heal itself of any damage caused by such contact. In the preferred embodiment, glass frit of a low-fusing temperature having a size range of between under 1 micron to about 100 microns is applied over between 5 percent and 85 percent of the surface area of glassware. The frit is then fused to the glassware and upon cooling, an overlayer of dry lubricious organic coating is applied. The frit is preferably applied electrostatically while the glass is hot through dry powder deposition or with a liquid carrier. Great uniformity in applying minute amounts of particulate material has been achieved by on-site grinding the particulate material to an air-carriable size with a fluid energy mill. The particulate material is air exhausted from the mill and directly applied thereby avoiding problems presented by agglomeration of the low micron range particles.
A glass article having an abrasion-resistant surface comprising: a vitreous substrate; a discontinuous uniform distribution of low-melting vitreous particulate matter optically coupled and fused to said substrate with varying degrees of security and invisible to the unaided eye, said particulate matter being separable from said substrate upon application of shear force to said particulate matter, said discontinuous distribution providing a surface array of interstitial spacing throughout said substrate wherein said discontinuous distribution of particulate matter has a surface area actually covered by particles of less than 15 percent of the total surface area of said substrate and an average height of relief of between 2 and 10 microns; and a lubricious outer coating over said article, said interstitial spacing providing a reservoir of lubricious coating to the uppermost portions of said particulate matter when in abutting contact with a surface having motion relative to said substrate.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
146 words
A glass article having an abrasion-resistant surface comprising: a vitreous substrate; a discontinuous uniform distribution of low-melting vitreous particulate matter optically coupled and fused to said substrate with varying degrees of security and invisible to the unaided eye, said particulate matter being separable from said substrate upon application of shear force to said particulate matter, said discontinuous distribution providing a surface array of interstitial spacing throughout said substrate wherein said discontinuous distribution of particulate matter has a surface area actually covered by particles of less than 15 percent of the total surface area of said substrate and an average height of relief of between 2 and 10 microns; and a lubricious outer coating over said article, said interstitial spacing providing a reservoir of lubricious coating to the uppermost portions of said particulate matter when in abutting contact with a surface having motion relative to said substrate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The article of claim 1 wherein said lubricious outer coating comprises an organic coating.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
The article of claim 1 wherein said particulate matter has an average height of relief of less than 5 microns.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The article of claim 1 wherein said particulate matter comprises glass particles.