US4469508A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process and installation for heating a fluidized bed by plasma injection
Assignee: Electricite de France SA
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Filing: 1983-04-20
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Granted: 1984-09-04
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Expires: 2003-04-20
Abstract
Abstract A substance to be treated is brought into a treatment column (10) and kept in suspension (11) in the latter by the injection (A) of a fluidizing gas into the bottom part of the column. According to the invention, a plasma is injected (D) into the column in at least one direction within a radial plane relative to the column. Preferably, the plasma is produced by high-frequency induction and injected at a pressure of the order of atmospheric pressure, so as not to perturb the fluidization of the bed and so as to permit good interpenetration of the various gas streams. Applications to the synthesis of nitrogen oxides, to the gasification of a carbonaceous substance and to the reduction of ores, as well as to the roasting or drying of materials.
Inventors
- 👤 Jacques Amouroux
- 👤 Simeon Cavadias
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 12:46
CPC Classifications
F; F27; F27B; F27B15/00; F27B15/02; F27B15/14; B; B01; B01J; B01J8/00; B01J8/18; B01J8/1836; H; H05; H05B; H05B7/00; B01J2208/00; B01J2208/00008; B01J2208/00017; B01J2208/00106; B01J2208/00168; B01J2208/00176; B01J2208/00389; B01J2208/00407; B01J2208/00415; B01J2208/00477; B01J2208/00495; B01J2208/00504; B01J2219/00; B01J2219/08; B01J2219/0894
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
120 words
A process for heating a fluidised bed, comprising: feeding a substance in the form of particles into a vertical treatment column; fluidizing said particles in suspension therein by the axial injection of fluidising gas into a bottom part of the column to form a fluidized bed; producing a high temperature plasma from a plasmagenic gas of predetermined composition; and injecting said plasma into the fluidised bed in at least one radial direction from a position ouside said column above said bottom part and wherein said high temperature plasma is confined within a zone of the fluidized bed so that the walls of said column and said bottom part of the column are protected from the high temperature of said plasma.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
120 words
A process for heating a fluidised bed, comprising: feeding a substance in the form of particles into a vertical treatment column; fluidizing said particles in suspension therein by the axial injection of fluidising gas into a bottom part of the column to form a fluidized bed; producing a high temperature plasma from a plasmagenic gas of predetermined composition; and injecting said plasma into the fluidised bed in at least one radial direction from a position ouside said column above said bottom part and wherein said high temperature plasma is confined within a zone of the fluidized bed so that the walls of said column and said bottom part of the column are protected from the high temperature of said plasma.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein each direction of injection is within a radial plane relative to the column.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the plasma is injected at a pressure of 0.5 and 10 bars.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein each direction of injection of the plasma forms an angle (φ) of between 45° and 90° with the axis of the column.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
40 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein the direction in which the particulate substance is brought into the column forms an angle (θ) of between 30° and 90° with the radial plane comprising one direction of injection of the plasma.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 2, wherein the plasma is injected in three substantially symmetrical, radial directions, relative to the axis of the column.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the particulate substance is brought into the fluidised bed and extracted therefrom continuously.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
119 words
An installation for carrying out the process according to claim 1, comprising: a vertical treatment column; means for producing a plasma from a plasmagenic gas and for injecting said plasma in at least one direction into a fluidised bed contained in said column at an intermediate level; means for injecting a fluidising gas into a bottom part of the column, in the axial direction; and means for feeding the column and said fluidizing gas with a substance in the form of particles, which feeding means is located at a vertical level between the means for injecting plasma and the means for injecting fluidising gas and near that intermediate level at which the plasma is injected into the fluidised bed.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
52 words
An installation according to claim 8, wherein the means for injecting gas into the bottom paart of the column comprises a tube of small full cross-section which widens until it reaches the cross-section of the column, and including a grid located at the mouth of the tube, upstream of the widened part.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
46 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein the fluidising gas is air or oxygen, the plasmagenic gas is nitrogen or a nitrogen/oxygen mixture and the particulate substance is a catalyst for a nitrogen oxidation reaction, whereby the process is one for the synthesis of nitrogen oxides.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
54 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein said particulate substance is a ground carbonaceous substance and including the step of continously feeding into the fluidised bed a plasmagenic gas containing hydrogen and wherein the fluidising gas comprises steam, whereby the process is one for the gasification of the carbonaceous substance by means of steam.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein said particulate substance is continously fed into the fluidised bed and the plasmagenic gas contains hydrogen, whereby the process is one for the reduction of the particulate substance.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1 comprising producing said plasma by plasmagenic gas in a high frequency electromagnetic field exterior of said column.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said plasma is injected into said bed at a temperature of the order of 2000° to 3000° C.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the composition of said plasmagenic gas is reducing or oxidizing dependent on the chemical reaction taking place in said fluidised bed between said plasmagenic gas, fluidising gas and said particulate substance.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2894831A
Cited
US3404078A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-09-04 | 1988-03-05 | 1988-09-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-09-04 | 1992-03-05 | 1992-09-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-09-04 | 1996-03-05 | 1996-09-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |