US4468230A
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US
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Acid dye dispersions
Assignee: Bayer Corp
•
Filing: 1983-03-25
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Granted: 1984-08-28
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Expires: 2003-03-25
Abstract
Abstract The present disclosure is concerned with aqueous dispersions of anionic acid dyes, especially the monosulphonated level dyeing acid dyes, which have low room temperature, low shear viscosities and good storage stability. This low viscosity enables them to be readily poured, pumped and otherwise handled. These dispersions comprise dyestuff solids with a controlled particle size distribution having a median value between about 1 and 10 microns; an anionic dispersant; and an electrolyte. In a preferred embodiment the pH is adjusted to give an optimum viscosity value. Another preferred feature is the adjustment of the rheology with a thickening agent such as xanthan gum. These dispersions find particular utility in the continuous dyeing of carpet, especially in Kuesters or foam dyeing equipment.
Inventors
- 👤 Thomas J. Thomas
- 👤 Robert G. Hoguet
- 👤 Charles W. Sandefur
- 👤 Dietmar Kalz
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 22:11
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09B; C09B67/00; C09B67/0071; C09B67/0072; C09B67/0073; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S8/00; Y10S8/929
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 47
Claim 1
Independent Claim
87 words
A non-sedimentating stable aqueous dispersion of a non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: a. between about 10 and 60 weight percent of dyestuffs solids having an average particle size between about 1 and 10 microns and having no substantial portion of particles less than 1 micron in size; b. between about 0.1 and 10 weight percent of an anionic dispersant; and c. sufficient electrolytes to keep the dispersion stable; said dispersion having a room temperature viscosity less than about 4000 cps measured with a Brookfield Viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
87 words
A non-sedimentating stable aqueous dispersion of a non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: a. between about 10 and 60 weight percent of dyestuffs solids having an average particle size between about 1 and 10 microns and having no substantial portion of particles less than 1 micron in size; b. between about 0.1 and 10 weight percent of an anionic dispersant; and c. sufficient electrolytes to keep the dispersion stable; said dispersion having a room temperature viscosity less than about 4000 cps measured with a Brookfield Viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein the dispersant is a lignin sulphonate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
46 words
The dispersion of claim 2 wherein lignin sulphonate is sugar-free or has a low sugar content, has a molecular weight between about 5000 and 50,000; has between about 0.5 and 5 sulphonate group per 1000 molecular weight units; and is at least partially neutralized with sodium.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The dispersion of claim 2 wherein the lignin sulphonate is of the non-staining type.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The dispersion of claim 2 wherein the lignin sulphonate is a sodium salt.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein the dispersant is the alkali metal or ammonium salt of the sulphonated condensation product of naphthalene and formaldehyde.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein the dispersant is an alkali metal or ammonium salt.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein the electrolyte is the alkali metal or ammonium salt of a low molecular weight organic acid or mineral acid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
The dispersion of claim 8 wherein the acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphorous acids.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein the electrolyte comprises mainly sodium hexametaphosphate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein the dyestuff solids have a median particle size between about 1 and 5 microns.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein the dyestuff solids have a median particle size between about 2 and 3 microns.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein the pH of the dispersion has a value greater than about 5.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein the dyestuff is a monosulphonated level dyeing acid dye.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
46 words
The dispersion of claim 14 wherein the dyestuff is selected from the group consisting of Color Index Acid Blue 324, Color Index Acid Red 337, Color Index Acid Blue 25, Color Index Acid Blue 40, Color Index Orange 156, Color Index Acid Red 266 and ##STR2##
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
The dispersion of claim 15 wherein the median particle size of the dyestuff solids is between about 1 and 5 microns.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
44 words
The dispersion of claim 1 or 15 wherein: (a) the dyestuff solids content is between about 14 and 48 wt. %; (b) the dispersant content is between 0.2 and 7 wt. %; and (c) the electrolyte content is between 0.5 and 16 wt. %.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
21 words
The dispersion of claim 17 wherein the median particle size of the dyestuff solids is between about 1 and 5 microns.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
32 words
The dispersion of claim 18 wherein (a) the dyestuff solids content is between about 20 and 45 wt. %; and (b) the dispersant content is between about 0.2 and 3 wt. %.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
33 words
The dispersion of claim 1 or 15 wherein: (a) the dyestuff to dispersant ratio is between about 3.5 and 35; and (b) the dyestuff to electrolyte ratio is between about 1.0 and 40.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
10 words
The dispersion of claim 20 which contains a thickening agent.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
21 words
The dispersion of claim 21 wherein the thickening agent comprises between about 0.05 and 1.0 wt. % of a xanthan gum.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
18 words
The dispersion of claim 20 wherein the pH is adjusted to a value between about 7 and 10.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
99 words
A non-sedimenting stable aqueous dispersion of a non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: (a) between about 8 and 16 wt. % of Color Index Acid Blue 40 solids having a median particle size of between about 1 and 10 microns and no substantial portion of particles less than 1 micron in size; (b) between about 0.1 and 3.0 wt. % of dispersant; and (c) between about 8 and 15 wt. % of electrolyte; said dispersion having a pH between about 3 and 7 and a room temperature viscosity less than about 4000 cps measured with a Brookfield Viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
99 words
A non-sedimenting stable aqueous dispersion of a non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: (a) between about 8 and 16 wt. % of Color Index Acid Blue 40 solids having a median particle size of between about 1 and 10 microns and no substantial portion of particles less than 1 micron in size; (b) between about 0.1 and 3.0 wt. % of dispersant; and (c) between about 8 and 15 wt. % of electrolyte; said dispersion having a pH between about 3 and 7 and a room temperature viscosity less than about 4000 cps measured with a Brookfield Viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
29 words
The dispersion of claim 24 wherein the dispersant comprises a sodium lignin sulphonate and the electrolyte is the salt of a mineral acid or low molecular weight organic acid.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
61 words
The dispersion of claim 25 wherein: (a) the lignin dispersant has a molecular weight between about 5000 and 50,000; has between 0.5 and 5 sulphonic acid groups per 1000 molecular weight units; and has a low sugar content or is sugar free; and (b) the electrolyte is an alkali metal salt; (c) a low level of a defoamer has been included.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
14 words
The dispersion of claim 26 which includes a sulphonated petroleum as an additional dispersant.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
20 words
The dispersion of claim 26 wherein the dispersion contains between about 0.05 and 1.0 wt. % of a xanthan gum.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
100 words
A non-sedimenting, stable, aqueous dispersion of a non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: (a) between about 10 and 47 wt % of Color Index Acid Blue 324 solids having a median particle size of between about 1 and 10 microns and no substantial portion of the particles less than 1 micron in size; (b) between about 0.2 and 8 wt % of dispersant; and (c) between about 0.5 and 12 wt % of electrolyte; said dispersion having a pH between about 4 and 10 and a room temperature viscosity less than about 4,000 cps measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
100 words
A non-sedimenting, stable, aqueous dispersion of a non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: (a) between about 10 and 47 wt % of Color Index Acid Blue 324 solids having a median particle size of between about 1 and 10 microns and no substantial portion of the particles less than 1 micron in size; (b) between about 0.2 and 8 wt % of dispersant; and (c) between about 0.5 and 12 wt % of electrolyte; said dispersion having a pH between about 4 and 10 and a room temperature viscosity less than about 4,000 cps measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
100 words
A non-sedimenting stable, aqueous dispersion of a non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: (a) between about 10 and 47 wt % of Color Index Acid Red 337 solids having a median particle size of between about 1 and 10 microns and no substantial portion of the particles less than 1 micron in size; (b) between about 0.2 and 5 wt % of dispersant; and (c) between about 2 and 15 wt % of electrolyte; said dispersions having a pH between about 4 and 10 and a room temperature viscosity less than about 4,000 cps measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
100 words
A non-sedimenting stable, aqueous dispersion of a non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: (a) between about 10 and 47 wt % of Color Index Acid Red 337 solids having a median particle size of between about 1 and 10 microns and no substantial portion of the particles less than 1 micron in size; (b) between about 0.2 and 5 wt % of dispersant; and (c) between about 2 and 15 wt % of electrolyte; said dispersions having a pH between about 4 and 10 and a room temperature viscosity less than about 4,000 cps measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
98 words
A non-sedimenting stable, aqueous dispersion of a non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: (a) between about 11 and 51 wt % Color Index Acid Blue 25 solids having a median particle size of between 1 and 10 microns and no substantial portion of the particles less than 1 micron in size; (b) between about 0.2 and 5 wt % of dispersant; and (c) between about 2 and 12 wt % of electrolyte; said dispersion having a pH between about 4 and 10 and a room temperature viscosity less than about 4,000 cps measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
98 words
A non-sedimenting stable, aqueous dispersion of a non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: (a) between about 11 and 51 wt % Color Index Acid Blue 25 solids having a median particle size of between 1 and 10 microns and no substantial portion of the particles less than 1 micron in size; (b) between about 0.2 and 5 wt % of dispersant; and (c) between about 2 and 12 wt % of electrolyte; said dispersion having a pH between about 4 and 10 and a room temperature viscosity less than about 4,000 cps measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
12 words
The dispersion of claim 31 which contains a xanthan gum thickening agent.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
98 words
A non-sedimenting stable aqueous dispersion of non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: (a) between about 10 and 35 wt % of Color Index Acid Orange 156 solids having a median particle size between about 1 and 10 microns and no substantial portion of the particles less than 1 micron in size; (b) between about 0.2 and 5 wt % of dispersant; and (c) between about 1 and 12 wt % of electrolyte; said dispersion having a pH between about 4 and 10 and a room temperature viscosity less than about 4,000 cps measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
98 words
A non-sedimenting stable aqueous dispersion of non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: (a) between about 10 and 35 wt % of Color Index Acid Orange 156 solids having a median particle size between about 1 and 10 microns and no substantial portion of the particles less than 1 micron in size; (b) between about 0.2 and 5 wt % of dispersant; and (c) between about 1 and 12 wt % of electrolyte; said dispersion having a pH between about 4 and 10 and a room temperature viscosity less than about 4,000 cps measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
22 words
The dispersion of claim 33 wherein the dispersion contains between about 0.05 and 1.0 wt % of a xanthan gum thickening agent.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
26 words
The dispersion of claim 33 or 34 wherein the dispersant is a sodium lignin sulphonate and is present at a level of about 1.5 wt %.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
97 words
A non-sedimenting stable aqueous dispersion of non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: (a) between about 9 and 41 wt % of Color Index Acid Red 266 solids having a median particle size of between 1 and 10 microns and no substantial portion of particles less than 1 micron in size; (b) between about 0.2 and 5.0 wt % of dispersant; and (c) between about 1 and 7 wt % of electrolyte; said dispersion having a pH between about 4 and 10 and a room temperature viscosity less than about 4,000 cps measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
97 words
A non-sedimenting stable aqueous dispersion of non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: (a) between about 9 and 41 wt % of Color Index Acid Red 266 solids having a median particle size of between 1 and 10 microns and no substantial portion of particles less than 1 micron in size; (b) between about 0.2 and 5.0 wt % of dispersant; and (c) between about 1 and 7 wt % of electrolyte; said dispersion having a pH between about 4 and 10 and a room temperature viscosity less than about 4,000 cps measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
22 words
The dispersion of claim 36 wherein the dispersion contains between about 0.05 and 1.0 wt % of the xanthan gum thickening agent.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
99 words
A non-sedimenting stable aqueous dispersion of a non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: (a) between about 10 and 26 wt % of dyestuff solids having a median particle size of between 1 and 10 microns and no substantial portion of particles less than 1 micron wherein the dyestuff has the following structure: ##STR3## (b) between about 0.2 and 3.0 wt % dispersant; and (c) between about 5 and 15 wt % of electrolyte; said dispersion having a pH between about 4 and 10 at a room temperature viscosity less than about 4,000 cps measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
99 words
A non-sedimenting stable aqueous dispersion of a non-metallizable acid dyestuff comprising: (a) between about 10 and 26 wt % of dyestuff solids having a median particle size of between 1 and 10 microns and no substantial portion of particles less than 1 micron wherein the dyestuff has the following structure: ##STR3## (b) between about 0.2 and 3.0 wt % dispersant; and (c) between about 5 and 15 wt % of electrolyte; said dispersion having a pH between about 4 and 10 at a room temperature viscosity less than about 4,000 cps measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 12 rpm.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
53 words
The dispersion of any of claims 29, 30, 31, 33, 36 or 38 wherein the dispersant is a sodium lignin sulphonate which is sugar-free or has a low sugar content; has a molecular weight between about 5000 and 50,000; and has between about 0.5 and 5 sulphonate groups per 100 molecular weight units.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-08-28 | 1988-02-27 | 1988-08-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-08-28 | 1992-02-27 | 1992-08-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-08-28 | 1996-02-27 | 1996-08-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |