US4465028A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Ignition improvers for internal combustion engines
Assignee: Bayer AG
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Filing: 1982-07-08
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Granted: 1984-08-14
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Expires: 2002-07-08
Abstract
Abstract Nitric acid esters of monosaccharides and/or polysaccharides can be used as ignition improvers for alcoholic fuels for internal combustion engines.
Inventors
- 👤 Helmut Waniczek
- 👤 Herbert Bartl
- 👤 Klaus Kruger
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 15:24
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L1/22; C10L1/23; C10L1/02; C10L1/026; F; F02; F02B; F02B1/00; F02B1/02; F02B1/04; F02B75/00; F02B75/12; F02B2075/125; F02B3/00; F02B3/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
48 words
In a diesel engine comprising a combustion zone, said combustion zone being in fluid communication with a fuel reservoir, said fuel reservoir containing a fuel for said diesel engine the improvement wherein said fuel contains a nitric acid ester of a mono or poly saccharide, as ignition improver.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
48 words
In a diesel engine comprising a combustion zone, said combustion zone being in fluid communication with a fuel reservoir, said fuel reservoir containing a fuel for said diesel engine the improvement wherein said fuel contains a nitric acid ester of a mono or poly saccharide, as ignition improver.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
A diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein said fuel additionally contains an alcohol.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
A diesel engine according to claim 2, wherein said nitric acid ester has a degree of nitration larger than 1.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
A diesel engine according to claim 3, wherein degree of nitration is in the range of 1 to 3.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
A diesel engine according to claim 2, wherein said fuel additionally contains water.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
A diesel engine according to claim 5, wherein said water is present in an amount of up to 20% by weight.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
A diesel engine according to claim 2, wherein said nitric acid ester is present in an amount of 0.1 to 15% by weight.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
A diesel engine according to claim 2, wherein said alcohol is one having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
26 words
A diesel engine according to claim 8, wherein said alcohol is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isomers thereof and mixtures thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
A diesel engine according to claim 8, wherein said fuel additionally contains a low molecular ketone, ester or ether.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
44 words
In a process for running a diesel engine wherein a fuel is passed to a combustion chamber of said diesel engine, compressed therein and ignited, the improvement wherein said fuel contains a nitric acid ester of a mono or poly saccharide as ignition improver.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
44 words
In a process for running a diesel engine wherein a fuel is passed to a combustion chamber of said diesel engine, compressed therein and ignited, the improvement wherein said fuel contains a nitric acid ester of a mono or poly saccharide as ignition improver.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 11, wherein said fuel additionally contains an alcohol.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 12, wherein said nitric acid ester has a degree of nitration larger than 1.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 13, wherein degree of nitration is in the range of 1 to 3.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 13, wherein said nitric acid ester is present in an amount of 0.1 to 15 percent by weight.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 13, wherein said fuel has a cetane number of at least 20.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 13, wherein said fuel has a cetane number of at least 40.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process according to claim 17, wherein said mono or polysaccharide is selected from the group consisting of ribose, glucose, mannose, galactose, raffinose, cellulose, hemicellulose, amylose, amylopectin and dextrin.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
A diesel engine according to claim 1 wherein said nitric acid ester of mono or polysaccharide is dissolved in said fuel.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
31 words
A diesel engine according to claim 19 wherein said fuel consists essentially of alcohol, said nitric acid ester and, optionally water, the latter in an amount up to 20% by weight.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
60 words
A diesel engine according to claim 19 wherein said fuel additionally contains at least one solubilizer selected from the group consisting of acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, furfurol, dioxane, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, triethylene glycol monoethyl ether and triethylene glycol diethyl ether.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 11 wherein said nitric acid ester of mono or polysaccharide is soluble in said fuel.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
A diesel engine according to claim 19 wherein the degree of nitration of said nitric acid ester is at least 1.5.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 22 wherein the degree of nitration of said nitric acid ester is at least 1.5.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
50 words
In a diesel engine comprising a combustion zone, said combustion zone being in fluid communication with a fuel reservoir, said fuel reservoir containing an alcoholic fuel for said diesel engine, the improvement wherein said alcholic fuel contains a nitric acid ester of a mono or poly saccharide, as ignition improver.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
50 words
In a diesel engine comprising a combustion zone, said combustion zone being in fluid communication with a fuel reservoir, said fuel reservoir containing an alcoholic fuel for said diesel engine, the improvement wherein said alcholic fuel contains a nitric acid ester of a mono or poly saccharide, as ignition improver.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
46 words
In a process for running a diesel engine wherein an alcoholic fuel is passed to a combustion chamber of said diesel engine, compressed therein and ignited, the improvement wherein said alcoholic fuel contains a nitric acid ester of a mono or poly saccharide as ignition improver.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
46 words
In a process for running a diesel engine wherein an alcoholic fuel is passed to a combustion chamber of said diesel engine, compressed therein and ignited, the improvement wherein said alcoholic fuel contains a nitric acid ester of a mono or poly saccharide as ignition improver.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-08-14 | 1988-02-13 | 1988-08-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-08-14 | 1992-02-13 | 1992-08-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-08-14 | 1996-02-13 | 1996-08-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |