Composite negator springs

Claim 1

A method of fabricating a coaxial composite spring having filamentary materials that spiral about a first rotational axis of said spring in a sheet of preformed resinous convolutes, said sheet being coilable about a second axis, parallel to said first axis, for energizing said spring, said method comprising: providing a plurality of spooled sheets wherein a first of said sheets comprises hardenable resin and filamentary materials disposed angularly to a first sheet first axis in the plane of said first sheet and a second of said sheets is releasable from the hardened product of said hardenable resin; fixing said first and second sheets relative to a precursor axis that becomes said first rotational axis after hardening of said hardenable resin such that an end portion of said first sheet adjacent said precursor axis is juxtaposed an end portion of said second sheet either atop the other with said first sheet first axis being parallel to said precursor axis; causing remainder portions of said first and second sheets remotely located from said end portions and away from said precursor axis to unwind and wrap together on themselves under tension about said precursor axis such that a first sheet second axis in the plane of said first sheet and normal to said first sheet first axis sprials around said precursor axis substantially in a plane that is normal thereto; and hardening said resin in the so wrapped sheets to provide said spring.

Claim 2

A method of fabricating a coaxial composite spring having filamentary materials that spiral about a first rotational axis of said spring in a sheet of preformed resinous convolutes, said sheet being coilable about a second axis, parallel to said first axis, for energizing said spring, said method comprising: providing a plurality of spooled sheets wherein a first of said sheets comprises hardenable resin and filamentary materials disposed angularly to a first sheet first axis in the plane of said first sheet and a second of said sheets is releasable from the hardened product of said hardenable resin; fixing said first and second sheets relative to a precursor axis that becomes said first rotational axis after hardening of said hardenable resin such that an end portion of said first sheet adjacent said precursor axis is juxtaposed an end portion of said second sheet either atop the other with said first sheet first axis being parallel to said precursor axis; causing remainder portions of said first and second sheets remotely located from said end portions and away from said precursor axis to unwind and wrap together on themselves under tension about said precursor axis such that a first sheet second axis in the plane of said first sheet and normal to said first sheet first axis sprials around said precursor axis substantially in a plane that is normal thereto; and hardening said resin in the so wrapped sheets to provide said spring.

Claim 4

The method in accordance with claims 1 or 2, wherein said filamentary materials lie along axes that are normal to said first sheet first axis in the plane of said first sheet.

Claim 9

A method of fabricating a coaxial composite spring having hybrid filamentary materials that spiral about a first rotational axis of said spring in a sheet of preformed resinous convolutes, said sheet being coilable about a second axis, parallel to said first axis, for energizing said spring, said method comprising: providing a plurality of spooled sheets wherein a first of said sheets comprises hardenable resin and filamentary materials of a first character disposed angularly to a first sheet first axis in the plane of said first sheet, a third of said sheets comprises hardenable resin and filamentary materials of a second character disposed angularly to a third sheet first axis in the plane of said third sheet, and a second sheet is releasable from the hardened product of said hardenable resin of either of said first and third sheets; fixing said first, second and third sheets relative to a precursor axis that becomes said spring axial axis after hardening of said hardenable resin such that an end portion of said first sheet is between end portions of said second and third sheets that are juxtaposed either atop the other with said first and second sheet first axis parallel one another and said precursor axis; causing remainder portions of said first, second and third sheets remotely located from said end portions and away from said precursor axis to unwind and wrap together on themselves under tension about said precursor axis such that a first sheet second axis in the plane of said first sheet that is normal to said first sheet first axis and a third sheet second axis in the plane of said third sheet that is normal to said third sheet first axis, spirals around said precursor axis in a plane normal thereto; and hardening said resin in the so wrapped sheets to integrate all but said second sheet and provide said spring.

Claim 10

A method of fabricating a coaxial composite spring having hybrid filamentary materials that spiral about a first rotational axis of said spring in a sheet of preformed resinous convolutes, said sheet being coilable about a second axis, parallel to said first axis, for energizing said spring, said method comprising: providing a plurality of spooled sheets wherein a first of said sheets comprises hardenable resin and filamentary materials of a first character disposed angularly to a first sheet first axis in the plane of said first sheet, a third of said sheets comprises hardenable resin and filamentary materials of a second character disposed angularly to a third sheet first axis in the plane of said third sheet, and a second sheet is releasable from the hardened product of said hardenable resin of either of said first and third sheets; fixing said first, second and third sheets relative to a precursor axis that becomes said spring axial axis after hardening of said hardenable resin such that an end portion of said first sheet is between end portions of said second and third sheets that are juxtaposed either atop the other with said first and second sheet first axis parallel one another and said precursor axis; causing remainder portions of said first, second and third sheets remotely located from said end portions and away from said precursor axis to unwind and wrap together on themselves under tension about said precursor axis such that a first sheet second axis in the plane of said first sheet that is normal to said first sheet first axis and a third sheet second axis in the plane of said third sheet that is normal to said third sheet first axis, spirals around said precursor axis in a plane normal thereto; and hardening said resin in the so wrapped sheets to integrate all but said second sheet and provide said spring.

Claim 13

The method in accordance with claims 9 or 10, wherein said filamentary solids of second character comprises glass.

Claim 15

A method of fabricating a composite spring having integral outer and inner layers that have differing strain limits, said spring having hybrid filamentary materials that spiral around a first rotational axis in a sheet of preformed resinous convolutes, said sheet being coilable about a second axis, parallel to said first axis, for energizing said spring, said method comprising: providing a plurality of spooled sheets comprising inner and outer sheets and a release sheet wherein a first, fourth and other, if any, sheets that are said outer sheets respectively comprise hardenable resin and filamentary materials of a high strain character that are disposed angularly to first, fourth and other, if any, outer sheet first axis in the respective planes of said outer sheets, a third and still other, if any, sheets that are said inner sheets respectively comprise hardenable resin and filamentary materials of a low strain character that are disposed angularly to third and still other, if any, inner sheet first axes in respective planes of said inner sheets, and a second sheet that is said release sheet and is releasable from the hardened product of said hardenable resin of said outer sheets that forms the resin surfaces of said spring; fixing said inner, outer and release sheets relative to a precursor axis that becomes said spring axis after hardening of said hardenable resins such that end portions of said inner sheets are between end portions of said outer sheets and furthermore an end portion of said second sheet is juxtaposed under or over said first sheet opposite said inner sheets and still further said inner and outer sheet first sheet axes are parallel to said precursor axis; causing remainder portions of said inner, outer and release sheets remotely located from said end portions and away from said precursor axis to unwind and wrap together on themselves under tension about said precursor axis such that outer sheet second axes that are in respective planes of said outer sheets and respectively normal to said first, fourth and other, if any, outer sheet first axes spiral around said precursor axis in a plane that is normal thereto and furthermore inner sheet second axes that are in respective planes of said inner sheets and respectively normal to said third and other, if any, inner sheet first axes also spiral around said precursor axis in said plane that is normal thereto; and hardening said resin in the so wrapped sheets to integrate all but said release sheet and provide said spring.

Claim 16

A method of fabricating a composite spring having integral outer and inner layers that have differing strain limits, said spring having hybrid filamentary materials that spiral around a first rotational axis in a sheet of preformed resinous convolutes, said sheet being coilable about a second axis, parallel to said first axis, for energizing said spring, said method comprising: providing a plurality of spooled sheets comprising inner and outer sheets and a release sheet wherein a first, fourth and other, if any, sheets that are said outer sheets respectively comprise hardenable resin and filamentary materials of a high strain character that are disposed angularly to first, fourth and other, if any, outer sheet first axis in the respective planes of said outer sheets, a third and still other, if any, sheets that are said inner sheets respectively comprise hardenable resin and filamentary materials of a low strain character that are disposed angularly to third and still other, if any, inner sheet first axes in respective planes of said inner sheets, and a second sheet that is said release sheet and is releasable from the hardened product of said hardenable resin of said outer sheets that forms the resin surfaces of said spring; fixing said inner, outer and release sheets relative to a precursor axis that becomes said spring axis after hardening of said hardenable resins such that end portions of said inner sheets are between end portions of said outer sheets and furthermore an end portion of said second sheet is juxtaposed under or over said first sheet opposite said inner sheets and still further said inner and outer sheet first sheet axes are parallel to said precursor axis; causing remainder portions of said inner, outer and release sheets remotely located from said end portions and away from said precursor axis to unwind and wrap together on themselves under tension about said precursor axis such that outer sheet second axes that are in respective planes of said outer sheets and respectively normal to said first, fourth and other, if any, outer sheet first axes spiral around said precursor axis in a plane that is normal thereto and furthermore inner sheet second axes that are in respective planes of said inner sheets and respectively normal to said third and other, if any, inner sheet first axes also spiral around said precursor axis in said plane that is normal thereto; and hardening said resin in the so wrapped sheets to integrate all but said release sheet and provide said spring.