Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
87 words
A process for treating humus material to recover humic substance therefrom which comprises mixing humus material substantially as it occurs in nature with from about 1 to about 10 times its weight of water to obtain an aqueous suspension of humic substance containing coarse particles, said water being sufficiently acidic to provide said suspension with a pH of from about 2 to about 3, removing said coarse particles from said suspension, and reducing the water content of said suspension to obtain a solid product comprising humic substance.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
87 words
A process for treating humus material to recover humic substance therefrom which comprises mixing humus material substantially as it occurs in nature with from about 1 to about 10 times its weight of water to obtain an aqueous suspension of humic substance containing coarse particles, said water being sufficiently acidic to provide said suspension with a pH of from about 2 to about 3, removing said coarse particles from said suspension, and reducing the water content of said suspension to obtain a solid product comprising humic substance.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process according to claim 1 in which said humus material is combined with about 2 to about 5 times its weight of water.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process according to claim 1 in which said humus material comprises a peat containing from about 20% to about 90%, by weight, of humic substance, on a dry basis.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 3 in which said humus material is a peat comprising more than about 70%, by weight, of humic substance, on a dry basis.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process according to claim 3 or 4 in which said aqueous suspension has a pH which is at about the isoelectric point of the humic acid component of said humic substance.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process according to claim 1 in which said humic substance is separated from said suspension by filtration under vacuum to yield a cake of 30% or more, by weight, of solids.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process according to claim 6 in which the humic substance filter cake is dried at a temperature of about 100° to about 160° F. in the presence of an inert gas.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process according to claim 5 in which the pH of said aqueous suspension is adjusted to the isoelectric point of the humic acid component by addition of an acid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process according to claim 8 in which said acid comprises sulfuric acid.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process according to claim 1 in which the water with which the humus material is combined comprises process water recycled after separation of humic substance.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process according to claim 10 in which said recycled process water has a pH approximately equal to the isoelectric point of the humic acid component of the humic material.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process according to claim 6 in which humic acid in said humic substance obtained by filtration is converted to soluble humate by reaction with an alkaline reagent.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process according to claim 12 in which soluble humate is converted to substantially insoluble humate by reaction with a compound which forms a substantially insoluble humate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
36 words
The process according to claim 12 in which said soluble humate is converted to humic acid having a purity of at least 95% by treatment of an aqueous solution of said soluble humate with an acid.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process according to claim 1 in which said solid product is subjected to drying conditions to reduce the moisture content of said product.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
107 words
A process for treating peat to recover humic substance therefrom which comprises mixing a peat substantially as it occurs in nature and containing from about 20% to about 90%, by weight, of humic substance, on a dry basis, with about 2 to about 5 parts by weight of water to obtain an aqueous suspension of humic substance containing coarse particles, said water being sufficiently acidic to provide said suspension with a pH of from about 2 to about 3, removing said coarse particles from said suspension, and subjecting said suspension to filtration to obtain a filter cake containing more than about 30 percent, by weight, of solids.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
107 words
A process for treating peat to recover humic substance therefrom which comprises mixing a peat substantially as it occurs in nature and containing from about 20% to about 90%, by weight, of humic substance, on a dry basis, with about 2 to about 5 parts by weight of water to obtain an aqueous suspension of humic substance containing coarse particles, said water being sufficiently acidic to provide said suspension with a pH of from about 2 to about 3, removing said coarse particles from said suspension, and subjecting said suspension to filtration to obtain a filter cake containing more than about 30 percent, by weight, of solids.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process according to claim 16 in which said peat comprises more than about 70%, by weight, of humic substance, and said aqueous suspension has a pH which is at about the isoelectric point of the humic acid component of said humic substance.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process according to claim 17 in which humic acid in said humic substance is converted to soluble humate by reaction with an alkaline reagent.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
36 words
The process according to claim 18 in which said soluble humate is converted to humic acid having a purity of at least 95% by treatment of an aqueous solution of said soluble humate with an acid.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 18 in which said soluble humate is converted to substantially insoluble humate by reaction with a compound which forms a substantially insoluble humate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process according to claim 16 in which said filter cake is subjected to drying conditions to reduce the moisture content of said cake.