US4455333A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Doughs and cookies providing storage-stable texture variability
Assignee: American Technical Industries Inc
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Filing: 1981-03-03
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Granted: 1984-06-19
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Expires: 2001-03-03
Abstract
Abstract Cookie products, having distributed therein (1) discrete regions providing a stable, crisp texture; and (2) discrete regions providing a stable, chewy texture, have a desirable, storage-stable plurality of textures. This can be accomplished, for example, by manipulation of sugar crystallization in different parts of the product.
Inventors
- 👤 Charles A. Hong
- 👤 William J. Brabbs
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 04:04
CPC Classifications
A; A21; A21D; A21D10/00; A21D10/02; A21D10/025; A21D13/00; A21D13/80
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 56
Claim 1
Independent Claim
164 words
A sweetened food product in the form of a cookie dough preform, comprising a matrix made from cookie ingredients, and being characterized in having distributed therein discrete regions of dough containing readily crystallizable sugar, comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof that readily and spontaneously crystallizes at the water content and water activity conditions encountered in the dough, when baked; and discrete regions of dough containing crystallization resistant sugar, comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof which crystallizes, at the water content and water activity encountered in the dough, when baked, substantially more slowly than sucrose under the same conditions, whereby the product, when baked, provides a storage-stable plurality of textures, the regions containing readily crystallizable sugar providing a crisp texture, and the regions containing crystallization resistant sugar providing a chewy texture, and further characterized in that the regions providing a crisp crumb and the regions providing a chewy crumb provide crumbs having a [log max(stiffness/plasticity)--log min(stiffness/plasticity)] of at least about 1.75.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
164 words
A sweetened food product in the form of a cookie dough preform, comprising a matrix made from cookie ingredients, and being characterized in having distributed therein discrete regions of dough containing readily crystallizable sugar, comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof that readily and spontaneously crystallizes at the water content and water activity conditions encountered in the dough, when baked; and discrete regions of dough containing crystallization resistant sugar, comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof which crystallizes, at the water content and water activity encountered in the dough, when baked, substantially more slowly than sucrose under the same conditions, whereby the product, when baked, provides a storage-stable plurality of textures, the regions containing readily crystallizable sugar providing a crisp texture, and the regions containing crystallization resistant sugar providing a chewy texture, and further characterized in that the regions providing a crisp crumb and the regions providing a chewy crumb provide crumbs having a [log max(stiffness/plasticity)--log min(stiffness/plasticity)] of at least about 1.75.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
A cookie dough preform according to claim 1 which further comprises a member selected from the group consisting of cereals, nutmeats, peanut butter, cocoa, raisins, chocolate chips, and butterscotch chips, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
A cookie dough preform according to claim 2 wherein the cereal is oatmeal.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
A cookie dough preform according to claim 2 wherein the nutmeat is coconut.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
43 words
A cookie dough preform according to claim 1 wherein the crstallization-resistant sugar is a member selected from the group consisting of fructose, dextrose, and mixtures of sugars of which fructose and dextrose together comprise at least about 15% by weight, and solutions thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
A cookie dough preform according to claim 5 wherein the crystallization-resistant sugar is high fructose corn syrup.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
A cookie dough preform according to claim 5 wherein the crystallization-resistant sugar is honey.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
A cookie dough preform according to claim 5 wherein the crystallization-resistant sugar is invert sugar.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
38 words
A cookie dough preform according to claim 1 wherein the readily crystallizable sugar is a member selected from the group consisting of sucrose, and mixtures of sugars containing greater than about 75% sucrose by weight, and solutions thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
111 words
A baked, sweetened food product in the form of a cookie, comprising a crumb-continuous matrix made from cookie ingredients and being characterized and having distributed therein discrete regions of crumb containing crystallized sugar and discrete regions of crumb containing crystallization resistant sugar comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof, which crystallizes, at the water content and water activity of the cookie substantially more slowly than sucrose under the same conditions, whereby the product provides a storage-stable plurality of textures, the regions containing crystallized sugar providing a crisp texture in the regions containing crystallization resistant sugar providing a chewy texture and having a [log max(stiffness/plasticity)--log min(stiffness/plasticity)] of at least about 1.75.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
111 words
A baked, sweetened food product in the form of a cookie, comprising a crumb-continuous matrix made from cookie ingredients and being characterized and having distributed therein discrete regions of crumb containing crystallized sugar and discrete regions of crumb containing crystallization resistant sugar comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof, which crystallizes, at the water content and water activity of the cookie substantially more slowly than sucrose under the same conditions, whereby the product provides a storage-stable plurality of textures, the regions containing crystallized sugar providing a crisp texture in the regions containing crystallization resistant sugar providing a chewy texture and having a [log max(stiffness/plasticity)--log min(stiffness/plasticity)] of at least about 1.75.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
A cookie according to claim 10 which further comprises a member selected from the group consisting of cereals, nutmeats, peanut butter, cocoa, raisins, chocolate chips, and butterscotch chips, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
11 words
A cookie according to claim 11 wherein the cereal is oatmeal.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
11 words
A cookie according to claim 11 wherein the nutmeat is coconut.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
42 words
A cookie according to claim 10 wherein the crystallization resistant sugar is a member selected from the group consisting of fructose, dextrose, and mixtures of sugars of which fructose and dextrose together comprise at least about 15% by weight, and solutions thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
A cookie according to claim 14 wherein the crystallization resistant sugar is high fructose corn syrup.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
A cookie according to claim 14 wherein the crystallization resistant sugar is honey.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
A cookie according to claim 14 wherein the crystallization resistant sugar is invert sugar.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
36 words
A cookie according to claim 10 wherein the readily crystallizable sugar is a member selected from the group consisting of sucrose, and mixtures of sugars containing greater than about 75% sucrose by weight, and solutions thereof.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
154 words
A dough-based, ready-to-bake, sweetened food product in the form of a laminated dough structure, which, when baked, has a substantially homogeneous cross-section with respect to flavor and appearance and a shelf-stable cross-sectional texture variability typical of freshly baked cookies, comprising: (a) a discrete body of a first cookie dough which comprises (i) a crystallization resistant sugar component comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof which crystallizes substantially more slowly than sucrose at the water content and water activity conditions of the baked cookie and (ii) flour, water and shortening and (b) a lamina of a second cookie dough superposed on at least a portion of the surface of said first cookie dough, said second cookie dough comprising (i) a readily crystallizable sugar component comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof which readily and spontaneously crystallizes at the water content and water activity of the baked cookie and (ii) flour, water and shortening.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
154 words
A dough-based, ready-to-bake, sweetened food product in the form of a laminated dough structure, which, when baked, has a substantially homogeneous cross-section with respect to flavor and appearance and a shelf-stable cross-sectional texture variability typical of freshly baked cookies, comprising: (a) a discrete body of a first cookie dough which comprises (i) a crystallization resistant sugar component comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof which crystallizes substantially more slowly than sucrose at the water content and water activity conditions of the baked cookie and (ii) flour, water and shortening and (b) a lamina of a second cookie dough superposed on at least a portion of the surface of said first cookie dough, said second cookie dough comprising (i) a readily crystallizable sugar component comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof which readily and spontaneously crystallizes at the water content and water activity of the baked cookie and (ii) flour, water and shortening.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
27 words
A laminated dough structure according to claim 19 wherein the lamina of second cookie dough is superposed continuously across the entire surface of said first cookie dough.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
40 words
A laminated dough structure according to claim 19 wherein at least one of the cookie doughs further comprises a member selected from the group consisting of cereals, nutmeats, peanut butter, cocoa, raisins, chocolate chips, and butterscotch chips, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
13 words
A laminated dough structure according to claim 21 wherein the cereal is oatmeal.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
13 words
A laminated dough structure according to claim 21 wherein the nutmeat is coconut.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
44 words
A laminated dough structure according to claim 19 wherein the crystallization resistant sugar is a member selected from the group consisting of fructose, dextrose, and mixtures of sugars of which fructose and dextrose together comprise at least about 15% by weight, and solutions thereof.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
19 words
A laminated dough structure according to claim 24 wherein the crystallization resistant sugar component is high fructose corn syrup.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
16 words
A laminated dough structure according to claim 24 wherein the crystallization resistant sugar component is honey.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
16 words
A laminated dough structure according to claim 24 wherein the crystallization resistant sugar is invert sugar.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
38 words
A laminated dough structure according to claim 19 wherein the readily crystallizable sugar is a member selected from the group consisting of sucrose, and mixtures of sugars containing greater than about 75% sucrose by weight, and solutions thereof.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
9 words
A baked, laminated dough structure according to claim 19.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
7 words
A sugar cookie according to claim 29.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
7 words
An oatmeal cookie according to claim 29.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
8 words
A peanut butter cookie according to claim 29.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
8 words
A chocolate chip cookie according to claim 29.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
9 words
A double chocolate chip cookie according to claim 29.
Claim 38
Independent Claim
119 words
A method for making a laminated dough structure comprising: preparing a first cookie dough from cookie ingredients comprising a crystallization resistant sugar component comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof that crystallizes substantially more slowly than sucrose at the water content and water activity conditions encountered in semi-moist cookies of the home-baked type; and flour and shortening; preparing a second cookie dough comprising a readily crystallizable sugar component comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or moisture thereof which readily and spontaneously crystallizes, at the water content and water activity encountered in semi-moist cookies of the home-baked type; and flour and shortening and applying a layer of said second dough to said first dough, thereby forming a laminated dough structure.
Claim 39
Independent Claim
119 words
A method for making a laminated dough structure comprising: preparing a first cookie dough from cookie ingredients comprising a crystallization resistant sugar component comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof that crystallizes substantially more slowly than sucrose at the water content and water activity conditions encountered in semi-moist cookies of the home-baked type; and flour and shortening; preparing a second cookie dough comprising a readily crystallizable sugar component comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or moisture thereof which readily and spontaneously crystallizes, at the water content and water activity encountered in semi-moist cookies of the home-baked type; and flour and shortening and applying a layer of said second dough to said first dough, thereby forming a laminated dough structure.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method for making a cookie having a shelf stable cross-sectional texture variability typical of freshly baked cookies, according to claim 35, which method further comprises the step of baking said laminated structure.
Claim 41
Independent Claim
167 words
A method for making a cookie and characterized in having, at a time after reaching substantial textural equilibrium, a [log max(stiffness/plasticity)--log min(stiffness/plasticity)] of at least about 1.75, comprising the steps of: (1) forming a first cookie dough from cookie ingredients comprising a readily crystallizable sugar component comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof which readily and spontaneously crystallizes, at the water content and water activity encountered in semi-moist cookies of the home-baked type; and flour and shortening, which, when baked, provides a stable, crisp texture; (2) forming a second cookie dough, from cookie ingredients comprising a crystallization resistant sugar component comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof that crystallizes substantially more slowly than sucrose at the water content and water activity conditions encountered in semi-moist cookies of the home-baked type; and flour and shortening, which, when baked, provides a stable, chewy texture; (3) separately baking the dough portions; and (4) adherently contacting the baked dough portions substantially immediately after baking, to form a single cookie.
Claim 42
Independent Claim
167 words
A method for making a cookie and characterized in having, at a time after reaching substantial textural equilibrium, a [log max(stiffness/plasticity)--log min(stiffness/plasticity)] of at least about 1.75, comprising the steps of: (1) forming a first cookie dough from cookie ingredients comprising a readily crystallizable sugar component comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof which readily and spontaneously crystallizes, at the water content and water activity encountered in semi-moist cookies of the home-baked type; and flour and shortening, which, when baked, provides a stable, crisp texture; (2) forming a second cookie dough, from cookie ingredients comprising a crystallization resistant sugar component comprising a mono- or di-saccharide or mixture thereof that crystallizes substantially more slowly than sucrose at the water content and water activity conditions encountered in semi-moist cookies of the home-baked type; and flour and shortening, which, when baked, provides a stable, chewy texture; (3) separately baking the dough portions; and (4) adherently contacting the baked dough portions substantially immediately after baking, to form a single cookie.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
28 words
A cookie comprising at least one biscuit portion according to claim 10, or 19, and further comprising a member selected from the group consisting of fillings and icings.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
41 words
A cookie dough preform according to claim 1 wherein the crystallization-resistant sugar is a member selected from the group consisting of fructose, dextrose, and mixtures and solutions of sugars of which fructose and dextrose comprise at least about 25% by weight.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
39 words
A cookie according to claim 10 wherein the crystallization-resistant sugar is a member selected from the group consisting of fructose, dextrose, and mixtures and solutions of sugars of which fructose and dextrose comprise at least about 25% by weight.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
41 words
A laminated dough structure according to claim 19 wherein the crystallization-resistant sugar is a member selected from the group consisting of fructose, dextrose, and mixtures and solutions of sugars of which fructose and dextrose comprise at least about 25% by weight.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
29 words
A cookie according to claim 10 wherein the readily crystallizable sugar is sucrose and mixtures and solutions of sugars of which sucrose comprises at least about 85% by weight.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
31 words
A laminated dough structure according to claim 19 wherein the readily crystallizable sugar is sucrose and mixtures and solutions of sugars of which sucrose comprises at least about 85% by weight.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
24 words
A cookie according to claim 10 which has a textural dichotomy of at least about 2 as determined by the formula [log max(stiffness/plasticity)--log min(stiffness/plasticity)].
Claim 50
Independent Claim
142 words
A method for making a ready-to-serve cookie having the eating qualities of fresh home-baked cookies in storage-stable form comprising the steps of: (1) preparing an inner cookie dough from cookie ingredients comprising crystallization-resistant sugar of which at least 25% by weight is fructose and dextrose, flour and shortening; (2) preparing an outer cookie dough from cookie ingredients comprising readily crystallizable sugar which comprises more than 85% by weight sucrose, flour and shortening; (3) substantially enveloping said inner dough with said outer dough; (4) baking the combined doughs and tempering the baked product to produce a crumb-continuous cookie having a chewy interior associated with the presence of uncrystallized sugar and a crisp exterior associated with the presence of crystallized sucrose, said crisp and chewy crumb portions having a texture difference of at least about 2 as determined by the formula [log max(stiffness/plasticity)--log min(stiffness/plasticity)].
Claim 51
Independent Claim
142 words
A method for making a ready-to-serve cookie having the eating qualities of fresh home-baked cookies in storage-stable form comprising the steps of: (1) preparing an inner cookie dough from cookie ingredients comprising crystallization-resistant sugar of which at least 25% by weight is fructose and dextrose, flour and shortening; (2) preparing an outer cookie dough from cookie ingredients comprising readily crystallizable sugar which comprises more than 85% by weight sucrose, flour and shortening; (3) substantially enveloping said inner dough with said outer dough; (4) baking the combined doughs and tempering the baked product to produce a crumb-continuous cookie having a chewy interior associated with the presence of uncrystallized sugar and a crisp exterior associated with the presence of crystallized sucrose, said crisp and chewy crumb portions having a texture difference of at least about 2 as determined by the formula [log max(stiffness/plasticity)--log min(stiffness/plasticity)].
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
87 words
A ready-to-serve chocolate chip cookie having the eating qualities of fresh home-baked cookies, comprising: a continuous cookie crumb having a crisp exterior and a chewy interior made from two separate doughs comprising cookie ingredients, said doughs containing different sugar compositions, the sugar of said crisp exterior crumb region comprising crystallized sucrose and the sugar of said chewy interior crumb region comprising a crystallization resistant sugar containing at least about 25% by weight fructose and dextrose, the balance of each of the separate doughs comprising flour and shortening.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
87 words
A ready-to-serve chocolate chip cookie having the eating qualities of fresh home-baked cookies, comprising: a continuous cookie crumb having a crisp exterior and a chewy interior made from two separate doughs comprising cookie ingredients, said doughs containing different sugar compositions, the sugar of said crisp exterior crumb region comprising crystallized sucrose and the sugar of said chewy interior crumb region comprising a crystallization resistant sugar containing at least about 25% by weight fructose and dextrose, the balance of each of the separate doughs comprising flour and shortening.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
16 words
A ready-to-serve cookie according to claim 10 wherein said crystallization-resistant sugar comprises high fructose corn syrup.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
105 words
A ready-to-serve cookie having the eating qualities of fresh home-baked cookies comprising: a storage-stable continuous cookie crumb composed of an exterior crumb region having a crisp texture produced by crystallized sucrose distributed therein and an interior crumb region having a chewy texture produced by uncrystallized sugar distributed therein, said uncrystallized sugar being at least 25% by weight fructose and dextrose, said crisp and chewy crumb regions being made from two separate doughs comprising, in addition to said sucrose and said uncrystallized sugar, flour and shortening, and said cookie having a textural dichotomy of at least about 2 as determined by the formula [log max(stiffness/plasticity)--log min(stiffness/plasticity)].
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
105 words
A ready-to-serve cookie having the eating qualities of fresh home-baked cookies comprising: a storage-stable continuous cookie crumb composed of an exterior crumb region having a crisp texture produced by crystallized sucrose distributed therein and an interior crumb region having a chewy texture produced by uncrystallized sugar distributed therein, said uncrystallized sugar being at least 25% by weight fructose and dextrose, said crisp and chewy crumb regions being made from two separate doughs comprising, in addition to said sucrose and said uncrystallized sugar, flour and shortening, and said cookie having a textural dichotomy of at least about 2 as determined by the formula [log max(stiffness/plasticity)--log min(stiffness/plasticity)].
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-06-19 | 1987-12-19 | 1988-06-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-06-19 | 1991-12-19 | 1992-06-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-06-19 | 1995-12-19 | 1996-06-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |