US4454233A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method of tagged immunoassay
Assignee: PROFILE DIAGNOSTIC SCIENCES Inc A CORP OF NEVADA
•
Filing: 1981-12-17
•
Granted: 1984-06-12
•
Expires: 2001-12-17
Abstract
Abstract An immunoassay method for measurement of the content of a target antigen or antibody in a fluid or tissue specimen comprises reacting the target with reagent antibody or antigen which forms a complex with the target and is carried by small tagged mobile units having tagging elements or compounds which are unassociated chemically with said reagent and are protected against reaction with the target and the biological and chemical environment of the assay. The tagged mobile units bearing formed complexes are measured by spectroscopic detection. Preferably the small, tagged mobile units, such as latex particles, are of a size smaller than 0.8 μm. The tagged complexes which are formed may be measured by spectrophotometric detection or by mass spectrometry. Different target antigens or antibodies can be assayed simultaneously by employing different tagged mobile units, and the mobile units with the tagging elements can be recovered for disposal or for reuse.
Inventors
- 👤 Chia-Gee Wang
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 17:08
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/53; G01N33/531; G01N33/532
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 54
Claim 1
Independent Claim
86 words
An immunoassay method for measurement of the content of a target antigen or antibody in a fluid or tissue specimen, which comprises reacting the target with reagent antibody or antigen which forms a complex with the target and is carried by small tagged mobile units having tagging elements or componds which are unassociated chemically with said reagent and are protected against reaction with the target and the biological and chemical environment of the assay, and measuring the tagged mobile units bearing formed complexes by spectroscopic detection.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
86 words
An immunoassay method for measurement of the content of a target antigen or antibody in a fluid or tissue specimen, which comprises reacting the target with reagent antibody or antigen which forms a complex with the target and is carried by small tagged mobile units having tagging elements or componds which are unassociated chemically with said reagent and are protected against reaction with the target and the biological and chemical environment of the assay, and measuring the tagged mobile units bearing formed complexes by spectroscopic detection.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the tagged mobile units are smaller than 0.8 μm.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the tagged mobile units are smaller than 0.35 μm.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the tagged mobile units are smaller than 0.1 μm.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the mobile units have a size in the range from 0.1 μm to 0.008 μm.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 1, 3 or 4, wherein said mobile units are latex particles.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 6, wherein the tagging elements or compounds are protected by being embedded within said latex particles.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 7, wherein the tagging elements or compounds were embedded by ion implantation into said latex particles.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
60 words
A method according to claim 7, wherein the tagging elements or compounds were embedded by vapor coating onto a portion of the surface of a latex particle, followed by further coating the vapor coated portion of the latex particle, with an element or a compound which is non-reactive with the target and the biological and chemical environment of the assay.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
51 words
A method according to claim 7, wherein the tagging elements or compounds were embedded by coating thin latex sheets with the tagging elements or compounds, pressing the coated surfaces of two sheets together to form a composite sheet, and cutting the composite sheet with an electron or ion beam into particles.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the reagent antibody or antigen is tagged with heavy tagging elements which have an atomic weight in excess of 50.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the tagged mobile units carrying reagent antibody or antigen are sequentially introduced to the specimen for reaction with the target antigen or antibody.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the tagged mobile units carrying reagent antibody or antigen are introduced to the specimen in small increments for reaction with the target antigen or antibody.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the tagged mobile units are measured by spectrophotometric detection.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method according to claim 14, wherein the spectrophotometric detection is by laser spectrometry.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 15, wherein the mobile units are measured by a dye laser microbeam.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 16, wherein a dye laser having a plurality of dye cells is used.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method according to claim 16, wherein a continuously tunable dye laser is used.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 16, wherein the dye laser beam is modulated to produce acoustic frequencies.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method according to claim 14, wherein the spectrophotometric detection is by emission fluorometry.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the tagged mobile units are measured by mass spectrometry.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
106 words
An immunoassay method for measurement of the content of a target antigen or antibody in a fluid or tissue specimen, which comprises coupling reagent antibody or antigen, which forms a complex with the target, with small tagged mobile units having tagging elements or compounds which are unassociated chemically with said reagent and are protected against reaction with the target and the biological and chemical environment of the assay, reacting the tagged mobile units coupled with antibody or antigen with the target antigen or antibody, separating the unreacted mobile units and measuring the number of reacted mobile units by spectroscopic detection of the tagging elements or compounds.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
106 words
An immunoassay method for measurement of the content of a target antigen or antibody in a fluid or tissue specimen, which comprises coupling reagent antibody or antigen, which forms a complex with the target, with small tagged mobile units having tagging elements or compounds which are unassociated chemically with said reagent and are protected against reaction with the target and the biological and chemical environment of the assay, reacting the tagged mobile units coupled with antibody or antigen with the target antigen or antibody, separating the unreacted mobile units and measuring the number of reacted mobile units by spectroscopic detection of the tagging elements or compounds.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein the tagged mobile units are smaller than 0.8 μm.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein the tagged mobile units are smaller than 0.35 μm.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein the tagged mobile units are smaller than 0.1 μm.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein the mobile units have a size in the range from 0.1 μm to 0.008 μm.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 22, 24 or 25, wherein said mobile units are latex particles.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein the tagging elements or compounds are protected by being embedded within said latex particles.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
11 words
A method according to claim 28, wherein the latex is polystyrene.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 28, wherein the tagging elements or compounds were embedded by ion implantation into said latex particles.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
60 words
A method according to claim 28, wherein the tagging elements or compounds were embedded by vapor coating onto a portion of the surface of a latex particle, followed by further coating the vapor coated portion of the latex particle with an element or a compound which is non-reactive with the target and the biological and chemical environment of the assay.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
51 words
A method according to claim 28, wherein the tagging elements or compounds were embedded by coating thin latex sheets with the tagging elements or compounds, pressing the coated surfaces of two sheets together to form a composite sheet and cutting the composite sheet with an electron or ion beam into particles.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein the reagent antibody or antigen is tagged with heavy tagging elements which have an atomic weight in excess of 50.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein the tagged mobile units carrying reagent antibody or antigen are sequentially introduced to the specimen for reaction with the target antigen or antibody.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein the tagged mobile units carrying reagent antibody or antigen are introduced to the specimen in small increments for reaction with the target antigen or antibody.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein undesired agglutinator compounds are removed from the fluid or tissue containing target antigen or antibody before the reaction with tagged mobile units coupled with antibody or antigen.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method according to claim 36, wherein said agglutinator compounds are removed by contacting them with activated antibody conjugated to a latex matrix.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
58 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein said unreacted mobile units are separated by contacting the fluid or tissue with added antigen or antibody which is the same as the target antigen or antibody and is conjugated to a solid phase matrix, incubating for a short time, and separating said fluid or tissue from said solid phase matrix.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein after said separation of unreacted mobile units the remaining reacted mobile units are concentrated or agglutinated prior to detection of the tagging elements or compounds.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 39, wherein the reacted mobile units are concentrated by centrifugation, liquid chromotography, high pressure liquid chromotography, electrophoresis or filtration.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 40, wherein the concentrate is contacted with strong reagents for hydrolysis of proteins.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein the tagged mobile units are measured by spectrophotometric detection.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method according to claim 42, wherein the spectrophotometric detection is by laser spectrometry.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 43, wherein the mobile units are measured by a dye laser microbeam.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 44, wherein a dye laser having a plurality of dye cells is used.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method according to claim 44, wherein a continuously tunable dye laser is used.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 44, wherein the dye laser beam is modulated to produce acoustic frequencies.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method according to claim 42, wherein the spectrophotometric detection is by emission fluorometry.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein the tagged mobile units are measured by mass spectrometry.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein the measurement is compared with a calibration curve of known target antigen or antibody concentration plotted against the spectroscopic measurement.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 42, wherein after the measurement the reacted mobile units are recovered for disposal or reprocessing for reuse.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
80 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein the contents of different target antigens or antibodies in said fluid or tissue are simultaneously measured by reacting with each different target tagged mobile units which have tagging elements or compounds specific to each target and which are coupled with antibody or antigen specific to each target, and measuring the number of reacted mobile units of each different complex in the same fluid or tissue specimen by detection of the different tagging elements.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3853987A
Cited
US4108972A
Cited
US4022577A
Cited
US4205952A
Cited
US4177253A
Cited
US4108976A
Cited
US4283382A
Cited
US4313734A
Cited
US4219335A
Cited
US4297337A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-06-12 | 1987-12-12 | 1988-06-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-06-12 | 1991-12-12 | 1992-06-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-06-12 | 1995-12-12 | 1996-06-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |