US4454186A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Primed surface and charge transfer media
Assignee: 3M Co
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Filing: 1982-02-03
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Granted: 1984-06-12
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Expires: 2002-02-03
Abstract
Abstract An article having a primed surface or improved electric charge transfer properties is disclosed. The surface has discrete sites of inorganic materials thereon.
Inventors
- 👤 William A. Hendrickson
- 👤 Dudley M. Sherman
- 👤 Hsin-hsin Chou
- 👤 Vasant V. Kolpe
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 17:40
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G5/00; G03G5/02; G03G5/0202; G03G5/0217; C; C23; C23C; C23C14/00; C23C14/02; G03G5/04; G03G5/05; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/922; Y10S428/923; Y10S428/924; Y10S428/925; Y10S428/9335; Y10S428/938; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/24; Y10T428/24355; Y10T428/24372; Y10T428/24413
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
79 words
An article comprising a substrate having on at least one surface thereof uncoated discrete sites of an inorganic material different from the composition of said at least one surface which prime the surface according to ANSI/ASTM D 903-49 and/or increase the electrostatic charge transfer efficiency of the surface, said discrete sites having a bulk resistivity of less than 1×10 18 ohm-cm, an average length of between 1.0 and 20 nm and covering between 0.1 and 40% of said surface.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
79 words
An article comprising a substrate having on at least one surface thereof uncoated discrete sites of an inorganic material different from the composition of said at least one surface which prime the surface according to ANSI/ASTM D 903-49 and/or increase the electrostatic charge transfer efficiency of the surface, said discrete sites having a bulk resistivity of less than 1×10 18 ohm-cm, an average length of between 1.0 and 20 nm and covering between 0.1 and 40% of said surface.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
The article of claim 1 wherein said material is an environmentally stable material selected from the group consisting of metals, metalloids, metal compounds, metalloid compounds and combinations thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
The article of claim 2 wherein the discrete sites have an average length of between 2.5 and 9.0 nm and covering between 0.15 and 30% of said surface.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The article of claims 2 or 3 wherein said sites comprise metal.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The article of claims 2 or 3 wherein said sites comprise metal oxides.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The article of claims 2 or 3 wherein said sites comprise a mixture of metal and metal oxides.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
39 words
The article of claim 3 wherein said sites have an average length measured along the plane of the surface of between 3.0 and 8.0 nm and said sites comprise metal, metal oxide or mixtures of metal and metal oxide.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The article of claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein said surface is an organic polymeric material.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The article of claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein the surface of said substrate comprises an organic photoconductive-insulator layer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
36 words
The article of claims 1, 2 or 7 comprising a photoconductive element having as the substrate, in sequence, a support layer, a conductive layer, and a photoconductive layer, with the discrete sites on said photoconductive layer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
79 words
An article comprising a substrate having on at least one surface of a substrate thereof uncoated discrete sites of an inorganic material different from the composition of said at least one surface which increase the electrostatic charge transfer efficiency of the surface, said discrete sites having a bulk resistivity of less than 1×10 18 ohm-cm, an average length of between 1.0 and 20 nm and covering between 0.1 and 40% of said surface, said substrate comprising a photoconductive element.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
79 words
An article comprising a substrate having on at least one surface of a substrate thereof uncoated discrete sites of an inorganic material different from the composition of said at least one surface which increase the electrostatic charge transfer efficiency of the surface, said discrete sites having a bulk resistivity of less than 1×10 18 ohm-cm, an average length of between 1.0 and 20 nm and covering between 0.1 and 40% of said surface, said substrate comprising a photoconductive element.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
The article of claim 11 wherein the surface of said substrate comprises an organic photoconductive-insulator layer and said conductive sites comprise metal.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
The article of claim 11 wherein the surface of said substrate comprises an organic photoconductive-insulator layer and said conductive sites comprise metal oxides.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
28 words
The article of claim 11 wherein the surface of said substrate comprises an organic photoconductive-insulator layer and said conductive sites comprise a mixture of metal and metal oxide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
40 words
The article of claim 11 comprising a photoconductive element having as the substrate, in sequence, a support layer, a conductive layer, and a photoconductive layer, with the discrete sites on said photoconductive layer and wherein said conductive sites comprise metal.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
46 words
The article of claim 11 comprising a photoconductive element having as the substrate, in sequence, a support layer, a conductive layer, and a photoconductive layer, with the discrete sites on said photoconductive layer and wherein said conductive sites comprise a mixture of metal and metal oxide.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
15 words
The article of claim 11 wherein said sites are on a charge donating photoconductive-insulating surface.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
21 words
The article of claim 11 in which a surface of a photoconductive insulator of said photoconductive element has the sites thereon.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
The article of claim 11 in which the photoconductive layer of said photoconductive element comprises multiple layers.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
18 words
The article of claim 11 in which the photoconductive layer of said photoconductive element comprises a single layer.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-06-12 | 1987-12-12 | 1988-06-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-06-12 | 1991-12-12 | 1992-06-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-06-12 | 1995-12-12 | 1996-06-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |