Titanium complexes and catalysts prepared therefrom

Claim 2

A titanium complex or compound resulting from reacting (A) at least one titanium compound represented by the formula Ti(OR) x X 4-x wherein each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; X is a halogen and x has a value from zero to 4; with (B) at least one compound containing at least one aromatic hydroxyl group represented by the formulas ##STR20## wherein each A is independently, ##STR21## each A' is independently a divalent hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each R is independently ##STR22## or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyloxy group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; each R' is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl or a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyloxy group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each R" is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each X is independently a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a nitrile group, a hydrocarbyl group, a hydrocarbyloxy group, a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyloxy group each such groups having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or a halogen; m has an average value of from about 0.01 to about 6; n has a value of 1; each x independently has a value of zero to 2; each y independently has a value of from zero to 4, and z has a value of from zero to 3; and wherein components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provides a molar ratio of B:A of from about 0.1:1 to about 10:1.

Claim 3

A titanium compound or complex of claim 1 wherein (1) in component (A) (a) R has from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; and (b) X is chlorine; (2) in component (B) (a) when A' is a divalent hydrocarbyl group it has from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; (b) when R is a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyloxy group, it has from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; (c) when R' is a hydrocarbyl group, it has from about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms; (d) when X is hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyloxy, it has from about 1 to about 12 carbon atoms; (e) m has a value of from about 1 to about 3; (f) y has a value of from zero to 2; (g) z has a value from 1 to 2; (h) x has a value of zero; and (3) components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provides a molar ratio of B:A of from about 1:1 to about 4:1.

Claim 4

A titanium compound or complex of claim 2 wherein (a) in component (A), each R has from about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms, (b) component (B) is represented by the formula ##STR23## and (c) wherein components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of B:A of from about 1:1 to about 2:1.

Claim 5

A titanium compound or complex of claim 3 wherein in component (B) n has a value of 1 and A is ##STR24## and the hydroxyl groups are in the ortho (2) position.

Claim 6

A titanium compound or complex of claim 4 wherein in component (B) each X is independently a hydrocarbyl group or a halogen and each y has a value of 1 or 2.

Claim 7

A titanium compound or complex of claim 5 wherein in component (B) each X is independently methyl or t-butyl and y has a value of 2.

Claim 8

A titanium compound or complex of claim 6 wherein in component (B) each X is t-butyl located at positions 3 and 5.

Claim 9

A titanium compound or complex of claim 5 wherein in component (B) A is ##STR25## each X is independently chlorine, methyl or t-butyl and each y has a value of 2.

Claim 10

A titanium compound or complex of claim 8 wherein (a) one X is t-butyl at position 3 and the other X is methyl at position 5; and (b) each X is t-butyl, one at position 3 and the other at position 5.

Claim 11

A titanium compound or complex of claim 5 wherein in component (B) each X is chlorine in position 5 and each y has a value of 1.

Claim 12

A titanium compound or complex of claim 4 wherein y is zero.

Claim 13

A titanium compound or complex of claim 3 wherein in component (B) and the hydroxyl groups are in the ortho (2) position.

Claim 14

A titanium compound or complex of claim 2 wherein (a) in component (A), each R has from about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms, (b) component (B) is represented by the formula ##STR26## and (c) components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of B:A of from about 1:1 to about 2:1.

Claim 15

A titanium compound or complex of claim 2 wherein (1) in component (A), each R independently has from about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; and (2) component (B) is two different components each independently represented by the formulas ##STR27##

Claim 16

A titanium compound or complex of claim 14 wherein in component (B) (a) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is OH, y has a value of zero and the other component is represented by formula I wherein R is OH, X is a hydrocarbyl group and y has a value of 1; (b) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is OH, X is a hydrocarbyl group and y is 1 and the other component is represented by formula II wherein n is zero and the hydroxyl groups are in the ortho (2) position; or (c) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is OH, X is a hydrocarbyl group and y is 1 and the other is represented by formula II wherein A is ##STR28## each X is independently a hydrocarbyl group, each y is 2, and n is 1; and wherein components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of B:A of from about 1:1 to about 2:1.

Claim 17

A titanium compound or complex of claim 14 wherein in component (B) (a) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2 and y has a value of zero and the other component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, X is t-butyl at position 4 and y has a value of 1; (b) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, X is a t-butyl group at position 4, and y has a value of 1 and the other component is represented by the formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, each X is a t-butyl group, one at position 3 and the other at position 5 and y has a value of 2; (c) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, X is t-butyl at position 4 and y has a value of 1; and the other component is represented by formula II wherein n is zero and the hydroxyl groups are in the ortho (2) position and y has a value of zero; and (d) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, X is t-butyl at position 4 and y has a value of 1; and the other component is represented by formula II wherein A is ##STR29## n is 1, one X is methyl at position 5, the other X is t-butyl at position 3 and y has a value of 2; and wherein components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of B:A of from about 1:1 to about 2:1.

Claim 18

A titanium compound or complex of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16 wherein component (A) is tetraisopropoxy titaium; tetra-n-butoxy titanium; titanium tetrachloride or a mixture thereof.

Claim 19

In a Zeigler-Natta catalyst containing a titanium component; the improvenent which comprises employing as the titanium component that which results from reacting (A) at least one titanium compound represented by the formula Ti(OR) x X 4-x wherein each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; X is a halogen and x has a value from zero to 4; with (B) at least one compound containing at least one aromatic hydroxyl group represented by the formulas ##STR30## wherein each A is independently a divalent hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, ##STR31## each A' is independently a divalent hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each R is independently ##STR32## or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyloxy group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; each R' is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl or a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyloxy group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each R" is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each X is independently a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a nitrile group, a hydrocarbyl group, a hydrocarbyloxy group, a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyloxy group each such groups having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or a halogen; m has an average value of from about 0.01 to about 6; each n independently has a value of zero or 1; each X independently has a value of zero to 2; each y independently has a value of from zero to 4, and z has a value of from zero to 3; and wherein components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provides a molar ratio of B:A of from about 0.1:1 to about 10:1.

Claim 20

In a Zeigler-Natta catalyst containing a titanium component; the improvenent which comprises employing as the titanium component that which results from reacting (A) at least one titanium compound represented by the formula Ti(OR) x X 4-x wherein each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; X is a halogen and x has a value from zero to 4; with (B) at least one compound containing at least one aromatic hydroxyl group represented by the formulas ##STR30## wherein each A is independently a divalent hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, ##STR31## each A' is independently a divalent hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each R is independently ##STR32## or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyloxy group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; each R' is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl or a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyloxy group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each R" is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each X is independently a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a nitrile group, a hydrocarbyl group, a hydrocarbyloxy group, a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyloxy group each such groups having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or a halogen; m has an average value of from about 0.01 to about 6; each n independently has a value of zero or 1; each X independently has a value of zero to 2; each y independently has a value of from zero to 4, and z has a value of from zero to 3; and wherein components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provides a molar ratio of B:A of from about 0.1:1 to about 10:1.

Claim 21

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 18 wherein (1) in component (A) (a) each R independently has from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; and (b) X is chlorine; (2) in component (B) (a) when A is a divalent hydrocarbyl group, it has from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; (b) when A' is a divalent hydrocarbyl group it has from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; (c) when R is a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyloxy group, it has from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; (d) when R' is a hydrocarbyl group, it has from about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms; (e) when X is hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyloxy, it has from about 1 to about 12 carbon atoms; (f) m has a value of from about 1 to about 3; (g) y has a value from zero to 2; (h) z has a value from 1 to 2; and (i) x has a value of zero; and (3) components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provides a molar ratio of B:A of from about 1:1 to about 4:1.

Claim 22

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 19 wherein (A) in component (A), each R independently has from about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; (B) component (B) is represented by the formula ##STR33## and (C) components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of B:A of from about 1:1 to about 2:1.

Claim 23

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 20 wherein in component (B) (A) R is --OH and (B) each X is independently hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy, halogen, nitrile, nitro, formyl or carboxyl.

Claim 24

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 21 wherein in component (B) each X is independently chlorine, methyl, isopropyl, t-butyl, t-octyl or methoxy.

Claim 25

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 22 wherein in component (B) y has a value of 1 and X is t-butyl, t-octyl, methoxy or chlorine.

Claim 26

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 23 wherein component (B) is 4-t-butyl catechol.

Claim 27

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 21 wherein in component (B) y has a value of 2 and each X is the same and is t-butyl or t-octyl.

Claim 28

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 22 wherein in component (B) y has a value of 2 and (a) one X is isopropyl in position 3 and the other is methyl in position 6, or (b) each X is t-butyl, one being at position 3 and the other at position 5.

Claim 29

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 19 wherein (a) in component (A), each R has from about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; (b) component (B) is represented by the formula ##STR34## and (c) components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of B:A of from about 1:1 to about 2:1.

Claim 30

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 27 wherein in component (B) n has a value of 1 and A is ##STR35## and the hydroxyl groups are in the ortho (2) position.

Claim 31

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 28 wherein in component (B) each X is independently a hydrocarbyl group or a halogen and each y has a value of 1 or 2.

Claim 32

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 29 wherein in component (B) A is ##STR36## each X is independently methyl or t-butyl and y has a value of 2.

Claim 33

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 30 wherein in component (B) each X is t-butyl located at positions 3 and 5.

Claim 34

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 28 wherein in component (B) A is ##STR37## each X is independently chlorine, methyl or t-butyl and each y has a value of 2.

Claim 35

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 32 wherein (a) one X is t-butyl at position 3 and the other X is methyl at position 5; and (b) each X is t-butyl, one at position 3 and the other at position 5.

Claim 36

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 29 wherein in component (B) A is --CH 2 -- and each X is chlorine in position 5 and each y has a value of 1.

Claim 37

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 28 wherein A is --CH 2 -- and y is zero.

Claim 38

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 27 wherein in component (B) n has a value of zero and the hydroxyl groups are in the ortho (2) position.

Claim 39

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 19 wherein (1) in component (A), each R independently has from about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms, and (2) component (B) is two different components each independently represented by the formulas ##STR38##

Claim 40

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 37 wherein in component B (a) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is OH, y has a value of zero and the other component is represented by formula I wherein R is OH, X is a hydrocarbyl group and y has a value of 1; (b) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is OH, X is a hydrocarbyl group and y is 1 and the other component is represented by formula II wherein n is zero and the hydroxyl groups are in the ortho (2) position; or (c) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is OH, X is a hydrocarbyl group and y is 1 and the other is represented by formula II wherein A is ##STR39## each X is independently a hydrocarbyl group, each y is 2, and n is 1; and wherein components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of B:A of from about 1:1 to about 2:1.

Claim 41

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claim 37 wherein in component (B) (a) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2 and y has a value of zero and the other component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, X is t-butyl at position 4 and y has a value of 1; (b) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, X is a t-butyl group at position 4, and y has a value of 1 and the other component is represented by the formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, each X is a t-butyl group, one at position 3 and the other at position 5 and y has a value of 2; (c) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, X is t-butyl at position 4 and y has a value of 1; and the other component is represented by formula II wherein n is zero and the hydroxyl groups are in the ortho (2) position and y has a value of zero; and (d) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, X is t-butyl at position 4 and y has a value of 1; and the other component is represented by formula II wherein A is ##STR40## n is 1, one X is methyl at position 5, the other X is t-butyl at position 3 and y has a value of 2; and wherein components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of B:A of from about 1:1 to about 2:1.

Claim 42

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst of claims 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 or 39 wherein component (A) is tetraiisopropoxy titanium, tetra-n-butoxy titanium, titanium tetrachloride or a mixture thereof.

Claim 43

A catalyst composition resulting from reacting in an inert hydrocarbon medium (A) at least one hydrocarbon soluble organomagnesium component represented by the formula MgR" 2 .xMR" y wherein each R" is independently a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; M is a metal selected from Al, Zn, Si, Sn, B and P; y has a number corresponding to the valence of M and x has a value from about 0.001 to about 10; (B) a sufficient quantity of at least one halide source so as to convert all of the organic groups attached to a magnesium atom in component (A) to a halide group; said halide source being selected from (1) an active non-metallic halide, said non-metallic halide corresponding to the formula R'X wherein R' is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms and such that the hydrocarbyl halide is at least as active as sec-butyl chloride and does not poison the catalyst and X is halogen; or (2) a metallic halide corresponding to the formula MR y-a X a wherein M is a metal of Group IIIA or IVA of Mendeleev's Periodic Table of Elements, R is a monovalent hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, X is halogen, y is a number corresponding to the valence of M and a is a number from 1 to y; (C) at least one titanium compound represented by the formula Ti(OR) x X 4-x wherein each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; X is a halogen and x has a value from zero to 4; with (D) at least one compound containing at least one aromatic hydroxyl group represented by the formulas ##STR41## wherein each A is independently a divalent hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, ##STR42## each A' is independently a divalent hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each R is independently ##STR43## or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyloxy group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; each R' is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl or a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyloxy group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each R" is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each X is independently a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a nitrile group, a hydrocarbyl group, a hydrocarbyloxy group, a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyloxy group each such groups having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or a halogen; m has an average value of from about 0.01 to about 6; each n independently has a value of zero or 1; each x independently has a value of zero or 1; each y independently has a value of from zero to 4, and z has a value of from zero to 3; and when components (A) and/or (C) do not contain or contain an insufficient quantity of aluminum, then (E) an aluminum compound represented by the formula AlR y' X y" wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; X is halogen and y' and y" each have a value of from zero to three with the sum of y' and y" being three is employed; and wherein the components are employed in quantities so as to provide the following ratios: (1) a Mg:Ti atomic ratio of from about 1:1 to about 200:1; (2) components (C) and (D) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of D:C of from about 0.1:1 to about 10:1; (3) an excess X to Al ratio of from about 0.0005:1 to about 10:1; and (4) an Al:Ti atomic ratio of from about 0.1:1 to about 2000:1.

Claim 44

A catalyst composition resulting from reacting in an inert hydrocarbon medium (A) at least one hydrocarbon soluble organomagnesium component represented by the formula MgR" 2 .xMR" y wherein each R" is independently a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; M is a metal selected from Al, Zn, Si, Sn, B and P; y has a number corresponding to the valence of M and x has a value from about 0.001 to about 10; (B) a sufficient quantity of at least one halide source so as to convert all of the organic groups attached to a magnesium atom in component (A) to a halide group; said halide source being selected from (1) an active non-metallic halide, said non-metallic halide corresponding to the formula R'X wherein R' is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms and such that the hydrocarbyl halide is at least as active as sec-butyl chloride and does not poison the catalyst and X is halogen; or (2) a metallic halide corresponding to the formula MR y-a X a wherein M is a metal of Group IIIA or IVA of Mendeleev's Periodic Table of Elements, R is a monovalent hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, X is halogen, y is a number corresponding to the valence of M and a is a number from 1 to y; (C) at least one titanium compound represented by the formula Ti(OR) x X 4-x wherein each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; X is a halogen and x has a value from zero to 4; with (D) at least one compound containing at least one aromatic hydroxyl group represented by the formulas ##STR41## wherein each A is independently a divalent hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, ##STR42## each A' is independently a divalent hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each R is independently ##STR43## or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyloxy group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; each R' is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl or a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyloxy group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each R" is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; each X is independently a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a nitrile group, a hydrocarbyl group, a hydrocarbyloxy group, a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyloxy group each such groups having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or a halogen; m has an average value of from about 0.01 to about 6; each n independently has a value of zero or 1; each x independently has a value of zero or 1; each y independently has a value of from zero to 4, and z has a value of from zero to 3; and when components (A) and/or (C) do not contain or contain an insufficient quantity of aluminum, then (E) an aluminum compound represented by the formula AlR y' X y" wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; X is halogen and y' and y" each have a value of from zero to three with the sum of y' and y" being three is employed; and wherein the components are employed in quantities so as to provide the following ratios: (1) a Mg:Ti atomic ratio of from about 1:1 to about 200:1; (2) components (C) and (D) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of D:C of from about 0.1:1 to about 10:1; (3) an excess X to Al ratio of from about 0.0005:1 to about 10:1; and (4) an Al:Ti atomic ratio of from about 0.1:1 to about 2000:1.

Claim 45

A catalyst composition of claim 41 wherein (1) in component (A), (a) R" has from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; (b) M is aluminum; and (c) x has a value from 0.001 to about 5; (2) in component (B), (a) M is aluminum; (b) R' is hydrogen or a tertiary butyl group; (c) X is chlorine; and (d) R and R' independently have from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; (3) in component (C), (a) R has from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; and (b) X is chlorine; (4) in component (D) (a) when A is a divalent hydrocarbyl group, it has from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; (b) when A' is a divalent hydrocarbyl group it has from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; (c) when R is a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyloxy group, it has from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; (d) when R' is a hydrocarbyl group, it has from about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms; (e) when X is hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyloxy, it has from about 1 to about 12 carbon atoms; (f) m has a value of from about 1 to about 3; (g) y has a value from zero to 2; (h) z has a value from 1 to 2; and (i) x has a value of zero; (5) in component (E), (a) M is aluminum; (b) R has from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; and (c) X is chlorine; and (6) the components are employed in quantities so as to provide the following ratios: (a) a Mg:Ti atomic ratio of from about 2:1 to about 100:1; (b) components (C) and (D) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of D:C of from about 1:1 to about 4:1; (c) an excess X to Al ratio of from about 0.002:1 to about 2:1; and (d) an Al:Ti atomic ratio of from about 0.5:1 to about 200:1.

Claim 46

A catalyst composition of claim 42 wherein (a) in component (C), each R independently has from about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; and (b) component (D) is represented by the formula ##STR44##

Claim 47

A catalyst composition of claim 43 wherein the components are employed in quantities so as to provide the following ratios: (a) a Mg:Ti atomic ratio of from about 5:1 to about 50:1; (b) components (C) and (D) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of D:C of from about 1:1 to about 2:1; (c) an excess X to Al ratio of from about 0.01:1 to about 1.4:1; and (d) an Al:Ti atomic ratio of from about 1:1 to about 75:1.

Claim 48

A catalyst composition of claim 44 wherein in component (D) each X is independently chlorine, methyl, isopropyl, t-butyl, t-octyl or methoxy.

Claim 49

A catalyst composition of claim 45 wherein in component (D) y has a value of 1 and X is t-butyl, t-octyl, methoxy or chlorine.

Claim 50

A catalyst composition of claim 46 wherein component (D) is 4-t-butyl catechol.

Claim 51

A catalyst composition of claim 45 wherein in component (D) y has a value of 2 and each X is the same and is t-butyl or t-octyl.

Claim 52

A catalyst composition of claim 45 wherein in component (D) y has a value of 2 and (a) one X is isopropyl in position 3 and the other is methyl in position 6, or (b) each X is t-butyl, one being at position 3 and the other at position 5.

Claim 53

A catalyst composition of claim 42 wherein (A) in component (C), each R independently has from about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; and (B) component (D) is represented by the formula ##STR45##

Claim 54

A catalyst composition of claim 49 wherein the components are employed in quantities so as to provide the following ratios: (a) a Mg:Ti atomic ratio of from about 5:1 to about 50:1; (b) components (C) and (D) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of D:C of from about 1:1 to about 2:1; (c) an excess X to Al ratio of from about 0.01:1 to about 1.4:1; and (d) an Al:Ti atomic ratio of from about 1:1 to about 75:1.

Claim 55

A catalyst composition of claim 51 wherein in component (D) n has a value of 1 and A is ##STR46## and the hydroxyl groups are in the ortho (2) position.

Claim 56

A catalyst composition of claim 52 wherein in component (D) each X is independently a hydrocarbyl group or a halogen and each y has a value of 1 or 2.

Claim 57

A catalyst composition of claim 53 wherein in component (D) A is ##STR47## each X is independently methyl or t-butyl and y has a value of 2.

Claim 58

A catalyst composition of claim 54 wherein in component (D) each X is t-butyl located at positions 3 and 5.

Claim 59

A catalyst composition of claim 53 wherein in component (D) A is ##STR48## each X is independently chlorine, methyl or t-butyl and each y has a value of 2.

Claim 60

A catalyst composition of claim 56 wherein in component (D) (A) one X is t-butyl at position 3 and the other X is methyl at position 5; or (B) each X is t-butyl, one at position 3 and the other at position 5.

Claim 61

A catalyst composition of claim 53 wherein in component (D) A is --CH 2 -- and each X is chlorine in position 5 and each y has a value of 1.

Claim 62

A catalyst composition of claim 52 wherein A is --CH 2 -- and y is zero.

Claim 63

A catalyst composition of claim 51 wherein in component (D) n has a value of zero and the hydroxyl groups are in the ortho (2) positions.

Claim 64

A catalyst composition of claim 42 wherein (a) in component (A), each R has from about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms, (b) component (B) is represented by the formula ##STR49## and (c) components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of B:A of from about 1:1 to about 2:1.

Claim 65

A catalyst composition of claim 42 wherein (a) in component (A), each R has from about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms, (b) component (B) is represented by the formula ##STR50## and (c) components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of B:A of from about 1:1 to about 2:1.

Claim 66

A catalyst composition of claim 42 wherein (A) in component (C), each R independently has from about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; and (B) component (D) is two different components each independently represented by the formulas ##STR51##

Claim 67

A catalyst composition of claim 63 wherein in component D (a) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is OH, y has a value of zero and the other component is represented by formula I wherein R is OH, X is a hydrocarbyl group and y has a value of 1; (b) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is OH, X is a hydrocarbyl group and y is 1 and the other component is represented by formula II wherein n is zero and the hydroxyl groups are in the ortho (2) position; or (c) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is OH, X is a hydrocarbyl group and y is 1 and the other is represented by formula II wherein A is ##STR52## each X is independently a hydrocarbyl group, each y is 2, and n is 1; and wherein components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of B:A of from about 1:1 to about 2:1.

Claim 68

A catalyst composition of claim 63 wherein in component (D) (A) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2 and y has a value of zero and the other component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, X is t-butyl at position 4 and y has a value of 1; (B) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, X is a t-butyl group at position 4, and y has a value of 1 and the other component is represented by the formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, each X is a t-butyl group, one at position 3 and the other at position 5 and y has a value of 2; (C) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, X is t-butyl at position 4 and y has a value of 1; and the other component is represented by formula II wherein n is zero and the hydroxyl groups are in the ortho (2) position and y has a value of zero; and (D) one component is represented by formula I wherein R is a hydroxyl group at position 2, X is t-butyl at position 4 and y has a value of 1; and the other component is represented by formula II wherein A is ##STR53## n is 1, one X is methyl at position 5, the other X is t-butyl at position 3 and y has a value of 2; and wherein components (A) and (B) are employed in quantities which provide a molar ratio of B:A of from about 1:1 to about 2:1.

Claim 69

A catalyst composition of claims 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64 or 65 wherein the components are added in the order selected from (A) A, B, (C and D, prereacted), E (if required); (B) A, B, E (if required), (C and D, prereacted); (C) (A and B, prereacted), (C and D, prereacted), E (if required); (D) (A and B, prereacted), E (if required), (C and D, prereacted); or (E) (A, B, and E (if required), prereacted), (C and D, prereacted).

Claim 70

A catalyst composition of claims 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64 or 65 wherein component (C) is tetraiisopropoxy titanium, tetra-n-butoxy titanium, titanium tetrachloride or a mixture thereof.

Claim 71

A catalyst composition of claim 66 wherein component (C) is tetraiisopropoxy titanium, tetra-n-butoxy titanium, titanium tetrachloride or a mixture thereof.

Claim 72

A bidentate ligand-containing titanium compound or complex represented by the formulas ##STR54## wherein each A is independently ##STR55## each X is independently a hydroxyl group, a nitro group a nitrile group, a hydrocarbyl group, a hydrocarbyloxy group, a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyloxy group each such groups having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or a halogen; each Z is independently a halogen or an R 2 O--group, each R 2 is independently a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; n has a value of 1; m' has a value of 1 or 2; n' has a value of zero when m' has a value of 2 and a value of 2 when m' has a value of 1; and y has a value from zero to 4; ##STR56## wherein each R 2 , X, Z, m', n', y and x are as defined above; or ##STR57## wherein each R 2 , X, Z, m', n', x and y are as defined above.

Claim 73

A bidentate ligand-containing titanium compound or complex represented by the formulas ##STR54## wherein each A is independently ##STR55## each X is independently a hydroxyl group, a nitro group a nitrile group, a hydrocarbyl group, a hydrocarbyloxy group, a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or a hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyloxy group each such groups having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or a halogen; each Z is independently a halogen or an R 2 O--group, each R 2 is independently a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; n has a value of 1; m' has a value of 1 or 2; n' has a value of zero when m' has a value of 2 and a value of 2 when m' has a value of 1; and y has a value from zero to 4; ##STR56## wherein each R 2 , X, Z, m', n', y and x are as defined above; or ##STR57## wherein each R 2 , X, Z, m', n', x and y are as defined above.

Claim 74

A bidentate ligand-containing titanium compound or complex of claim 69 wherein each R 2 has from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; and when X is a hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy, hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyl or hydroxyl substituted hydrocarbyloxy, each such group has from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms.

Claim 75

A bidentate ligand-containing compound or complex of claim 70 represented by Formula XI wherein A is --CH 2 --; n=1, X is 3,3'-di-t-butyl and 5,5'-dimethyl; bridging is in the o,o' positions, m'=2, n'=0 and y=2.

Claim 76

A bidentate ligand-containing compound or complex of claim 70 represented by Formula XIII wherein x=0, y=0, m'=2, n'=0 and the oxygen atoms are in the 1 and 2 positions.

Claim 77

A bidentate ligand-containing compound or complex of claim 72 which is in the form of a monohydrate.

Claim 78

A bidentate ligand-containing compound or complex of claim 70 represented by Formula XIV wherein y=0, x=0, the bridging is in the 1,1' positions, m'=2 and n'=0 and the oxygen atoms are in positions 2 and 2'.

Claim 79

A bidentate ligand-containing compound or complex of claim 74 which is in the form of a monohydrate.