US4452843A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Security paper
Assignee: GAO Gesellschaft fuer Automation und Organisation mbH
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Filing: 1981-05-29
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Granted: 1984-06-05
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Expires: 2001-05-29
Abstract
Abstract Security papers with luminescing authenticity characteristics built in or printed thereon which absorb in the visible region of the optical spectrum but in the infrared have a transparent region in which the luminophore also emits. By the absorption in the visible undesired parasitic emissions are suppressed which would make the luminophore visually evident on corresponding excitation. For testing the authenticity of the document the emission is investigated in the infrared. Suitable luminophores are rare earth metal luminophores in suitable host lattices, particularly in ferrite lattices or garnet lattices, which contain transition metal ions as absorbing elements.
Inventors
- 👤 Wittich Kaule
- 👤 Gerhard Schwenk
- 👤 Gerhard Stenzel
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 04:02
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09K; C09K11/00; C09K11/08; C09K11/77; C09K11/7766; C09K11/7767; C09K11/7769; B; B41; B41M; B41M3/00; B41M3/14; B41M3/144; B42; B42D; B42D25/00; B42D25/20; B42D25/29; B42D25/30; B42D25/36; B42D25/378; B42D25/382; C09K11/7701; D; D21; D21H; D21H21/00; D21H21/14; D21H21/40; D21H21/44; D21H21/48; G; G06; G06K; G06K19/00; G06K19/06; G06K19/08; G06K19/10; G06K19/14; G07; G07D; G07D7/00; G07D7/06; G07D7/12; G07D7/121; B42D2033/20; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S101/00; Y10S101/46; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/908; Y10S428/913; Y10S428/914; Y10S428/915; Y10S428/917; Y10S428/918; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/24; Y10T428/24802; Y10T428/24835; Y10T428/24851; Y10T428/24868; Y10T428/24876; Y10T428/24893; Y10T428/24901; Y10T428/24934; Y10T428/25; Y10T428/26; Y10T428/261; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2913; Y10T428/2933; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2991; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31678; Y10T428/31703; Y10T428/31971; Y10T428/31993; Y10T428/31996
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 34
Claim 1
Independent Claim
112 words
A security document with authenticity features, comprising: a substrate material, a luminescing substance on said carrier material, said luminescing substance comprising a host lattice doped with a rare earth metal, wherein said host lattice absorbs radiation in the visible region and is excited in at least one of the visible and near infrared regions and has an opticaly translucent region in the invisible optical spectrum in which said luminescing substance emits, and wherein the emission lines of the dopant are such that said host lattice absorbs radiation emitted by said dopant at least in the regions of the visible region whereby each emission from said dopant in the visible region is suppressed.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
112 words
A security document with authenticity features, comprising: a substrate material, a luminescing substance on said carrier material, said luminescing substance comprising a host lattice doped with a rare earth metal, wherein said host lattice absorbs radiation in the visible region and is excited in at least one of the visible and near infrared regions and has an opticaly translucent region in the invisible optical spectrum in which said luminescing substance emits, and wherein the emission lines of the dopant are such that said host lattice absorbs radiation emitted by said dopant at least in the regions of the visible region whereby each emission from said dopant in the visible region is suppressed.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
Security document according to claim 1, wherein said host lattice is excited in substantial portions of at least one of the visible range and near infrared range.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
30 words
Security document according to claim 1, wherein the host lattice is a mixed lattice of a lattice absorbing in the visible region and a non-absorbing lattice of the same structure.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
Security document according to claim 1, wherein said host lattice is doped with ions of the rare earth metals of atomic number 58 to 71.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
Security document according to claim 3, wherein the proportion of absorbing to non-absorbing host lattice components determines the absorption ability of said luminescing substance.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
Security document according to claim 1, wherein the optically translucent region lies between 0.8 and 10 μm.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
Security document according to claim 6, wherein the optically translucent region lies between 1.1 and 10 μm.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
Security document according to claim 1, wherein the host lattice includes absorbing elements comprising transition metal ions.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
Security document according to claim 8, wherein said absorbing elements comprise metals of the sub groups VI, VII or VIII.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
Security document according to claim 9, wherein said absorbing elements comprise cobalt, nickel, manganese or iron.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
28 words
Security document according to claim 8, wherein the host lattice has a structure selected from the group consists of a garnet structure, a perovskite structure and ferrite structure.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
112 words
Security document according to claim 11, wherein the garnet structure can be described by the general formula A.sub.3 X.sub.5-2x M.sub.x M'.sub.x O.sub.12 wherein A represents an element selected from the group consisting of the rare earth metals with the exception of neodymium, praseodymium and lathanum, and their mixtures with one another or with lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium and bismuth, X represents a metal selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, gallium and indium, M represents a metal selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese and zinc, M' represents an element selected from the group consisting of silicon, germanium, tin and zirconium and the index x has a value 0≦x<2.5.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
24 words
Security document according to claim 12, wherein the host lattice is Y 3 Fe 4 Ni 0 .5 Ge 0 .5 O 12 .
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
115 words
Security document according to claim 11, wherein the garnet structure can be described by the general formula A.sub.3-x B.sub.x X.sub.5-x M.sub.x O.sub.12 wherein A represents an element from the group consisting of the rare earth metals with the exception of neodymium, praseodymium and lanthanum and their mixtures with one another or with neodymium, praseodymium, lanthanum and bismuth, B represents an element selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, manganese, zinc and cadmium, X represents a metal selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, gallium and indium, M represents an element selected from the group consisting of silicon, germanium, tin, tellurium, zirconium and titanium and the index x has a value 0<x≦3.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
Security document according to claim 14, wherein the host lattice is Y 2 CaFe 4 SiO 12 .
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
79 words
Security document according to claim 14, wherein the garnet structure can be described by the general formula A.sub.3 Fe.sub.5-x M.sub.x O.sub.12 wherein A represents an element from the group consisting of the rare earth metals with the exception of neodymium, praseodymium and lanthanum, and their mixtures with one another or with neodymium, praseodymium, lanthanum and bismuth M represents a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, gallium, indium and chromium, and the index x has a value 0≦x<5.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
Security document according to claim 16, wherein the host lattice is Y 3 Fe 3 AL 2 O 12 .
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
97 words
Security document according to claim 11, wherein the garnet structure can be described by the general formula A.sub.3-2x B.sub.2x X.sub.5-x V.sub.x O.sub.12 wherein A represents an element selected from the group consisting of the rare earth metals with the exception of neodymium, praseodymium and lanthanum, and their mixtures with one another or with neodymium, praseodymium, lanthanum and bismuth, B represents an element selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium, X represents an element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, gallium, indium and iron and the index x has a value between 0≦x<1.5.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
19 words
Security document according to claim 18, wherein the host lattice is Y Ca 2 Fe 4 VO 12 .
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
55 words
Security document according to claim 11, wherein the host lattice has a perovskite structure according to the general formula AXO.sub.3 wherein A represents an element selected from the group consisting of the rare earth metals, bismuth, and a combination of a rare earth metal and bismuth; and X represents one or more absorbing transition metals.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
71 words
Security document according to claim 11, wherein the host lattice has a ferrite structure according to the general formula M.sub.1-x.sup.2+ M'.sub.x.sup.3+ Fe.sub.x.sup.2+ Fe.sub.2-x.sup.3+ O.sub.4 wherein M stands for one or more divalent metals selected from the group consisting of indium, cadmium, cobalt, manganese, iron, nickel, copper and magnesium, M' stands for one or more trivalent lanthanides (atomic number 58-71), and the index x has a value of between 0 and 1.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
Security document according to claim 1, including a printing ink on said substrate, and wherein said luminescing substance is mixed into said printing ink.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
33 words
Security document according to claim 22, wherein said luminescing substance has an absorption ability dependent on the lightness of said printing ink used such that substantially no adulteration of the printing ink arises.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
Security document according to claim 23, wherein the luminescing substance has a small absorption ability and said ink is very light.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
21 words
Security document according to claim 23, wherein the luminescing substance has a relatively high absorption ability and said ink is dark.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
17 words
Security document according to claim 1, wherein the luminescing substance is mixed into said substrate material composition.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
22 words
Security document according to claim 1, wherein the luminescing substance is provided at least partly in large areas of said substrate material.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
12 words
Security document according to claim 27, wherein the luminescing substance comprises strips.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
Security document according to claim 1, wherein the luminescing substance comprises an invisible layer at least partly covering the carrier material.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
24 words
Security document according to claim 26, wherein the luminescing substance is present in the bulk of the substrate material on correspondingly prepared mottling fibers.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
25 words
Security document according to claim 26, wherein the luminescing substance is present in the bulk of the substrate material on a correspondingly prepared security thread.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
36 words
Security document according to claim 1, wherein the excitation spectrum is matched to the emission spectrum of an illuminating test lamp such that said luminescent substance absorbs substantially all frequencies of radiation emitted by said lamp.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
21 words
Security document according to claim 1, wherein said luminescent substance is a powder having a particle size less than 1 μm.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-06-05 | 1987-12-05 | 1988-06-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-06-05 | 1991-12-05 | 1992-06-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-06-05 | 1995-12-05 | 1996-06-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |