US4451348A
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Functional electrode
Assignee: Seiko Instruments Inc
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Filing: 1983-01-10
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Granted: 1984-05-29
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Expires: 2003-01-10
Abstract
Abstract A functional electrode is disclosed which is usable as an electrochromic display electrode, as a catalytic electrode effective to catalyze the evolution of oxygen and chlorine gases and the like. The electrode is composed of a conductor and a film deposited on the surface of the conductor, the film being comprised of a compound of the formula M I M(III)[M'(II)(CN) 6 ] or M(III) 4 [M'(II)(CN) 6 ] 3 wherein M(III) is Fe(III), Ru(III) or Os(III), M'(II) is FE(II), Ru(II) or Os(II) and M I is an alkali metal cation, with the proviso that said compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe(II). The functional electrode is produced by electrodepositing a compound of the formula M I M(III)[M'(II)(CN 6 )] or M(III) 4 [M'(II)(CN) 6 ] 3 on a conductor, from an aqueous solution containing M(III) ions and [M'(III)(CN) 6 ] 3- ions, wherein M(III), M'(II) and M I are as already defined and M'(III) is Fe(III), Ru(III) or Os(III), with the proviso that the aqueous solution does not contain both FE(III) and [Fe(III)(CN) 6 ] 3- ions and the deposited compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe(II).
Inventors
- 👤 Kingo Itaya
- 👤 Kimio Shibayama
- 👤 Shinobu Toshima
- 👤 Tatsuaki Ataka
- 👤 Koji Iwasa
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 22:44
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/26; G01N27/28; G01N27/30; C; C25; C25D; C25D5/00; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S348/00; Y10S348/902
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
107 words
A functional electrode usable as an electrochromic display electrode, as a catalyst electrode effective to catalyze the evolution of oxygen and chlorine, and the like comprising: a conductor having electric conductivity at least at the surface, and a colored film deposited on the surface of the conductor, wherein said colored film is comprised of a compound of the formula M I M(III)[M'(II) (CN) 6 ] or M(III).sub. 4 [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] 3 wherein M(III) is Fe(III), Ru(III) or Os(III), M'(II) is Fe(II), Ru(II) or Os(II) and M I is an alkali metal cation, with the proviso that said compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe(II).
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
107 words
A functional electrode usable as an electrochromic display electrode, as a catalyst electrode effective to catalyze the evolution of oxygen and chlorine, and the like comprising: a conductor having electric conductivity at least at the surface, and a colored film deposited on the surface of the conductor, wherein said colored film is comprised of a compound of the formula M I M(III)[M'(II) (CN) 6 ] or M(III).sub. 4 [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] 3 wherein M(III) is Fe(III), Ru(III) or Os(III), M'(II) is Fe(II), Ru(II) or Os(II) and M I is an alkali metal cation, with the proviso that said compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe(II).
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
A functional electrode as set forth in claim 1 wherein the colored film is comprised of iron (III) hexacyanoruthenate (II) salt adhered to said conductor in an amount effective to exhibit electrochromic activity.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
33 words
A functional electrode as set forth in claim 1 wherein the colored film is comprised of iron (III) hexacyanoruthenate (II) salt adhered to said conductor in an amount effective to exhibit electrochromic activity.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The functional electrode of claim 1 wherein said conductor is composed of transparent material.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
138 words
A method of producing a functional electrode usable as an electrochromic display electrode, as a catalyst electrode effective to catalyze the evolution of oxygen and chlorine, and the like comprising: providing an aqueous solution containing M(III) ions and [M'(III) (CN) 6 ] 3- ions, with the proviso that said solution does not contain both Fe(III) ions and [Fe(II) (CN) 6 ] 3- ions; and electrodepositing a compound of the formula M I M(III) [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] or M(III) 4 [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] 3 on a conductor from said aqueous solution, wherein M(III) and M'(III) are each selected from Fe(III), Ru(III) or Os(III), [M'(III) is Fe(III), or Ru(III) or Os(III)] M'(II) is Fe(II), Ru(II) or Os(II) and M I is an alkali metal cation, with the proviso that said compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe(II).
Claim 7
Independent Claim
138 words
A method of producing a functional electrode usable as an electrochromic display electrode, as a catalyst electrode effective to catalyze the evolution of oxygen and chlorine, and the like comprising: providing an aqueous solution containing M(III) ions and [M'(III) (CN) 6 ] 3- ions, with the proviso that said solution does not contain both Fe(III) ions and [Fe(II) (CN) 6 ] 3- ions; and electrodepositing a compound of the formula M I M(III) [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] or M(III) 4 [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] 3 on a conductor from said aqueous solution, wherein M(III) and M'(III) are each selected from Fe(III), Ru(III) or Os(III), [M'(III) is Fe(III), or Ru(III) or Os(III)] M'(II) is Fe(II), Ru(II) or Os(II) and M I is an alkali metal cation, with the proviso that said compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe(II).
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
88 words
A catalyst electrode effective to catalyze the evolution of oxygen and chlorine gases comprising: a conductor and a film deposited on the surface of the conductor, wherein said film is comprised of a compound of the formula M I M(III) [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] or M(III) 4 -[M'(II) (CN) 6 ] 3 wherein M(III) is Fe (III), Ru(III) or Os(III), M'(II) is Fe(II), Ru(II) or Os(II) and M I is an alkali metal cation, with the proviso that said compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe (II).
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
88 words
A catalyst electrode effective to catalyze the evolution of oxygen and chlorine gases comprising: a conductor and a film deposited on the surface of the conductor, wherein said film is comprised of a compound of the formula M I M(III) [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] or M(III) 4 -[M'(II) (CN) 6 ] 3 wherein M(III) is Fe (III), Ru(III) or Os(III), M'(II) is Fe(II), Ru(II) or Os(II) and M I is an alkali metal cation, with the proviso that said compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe (II).
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
81 words
An electrochromic display element comprising: an electrode and a film of electrochromic material deposited on the surface of said electrode, wherein the electrochromic material is comprised of a compound of the formula M I M(III) [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] or M(III) 4 [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] 3 wherein M(III) is Fe(III), Ru(III) or Os(III), M'(II) is Fe(II), Ru(II) or Os(II) and M I is an alkali metal cation, with the proviso that said compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe(II).
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
81 words
An electrochromic display element comprising: an electrode and a film of electrochromic material deposited on the surface of said electrode, wherein the electrochromic material is comprised of a compound of the formula M I M(III) [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] or M(III) 4 [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] 3 wherein M(III) is Fe(III), Ru(III) or Os(III), M'(II) is Fe(II), Ru(II) or Os(II) and M I is an alkali metal cation, with the proviso that said compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe(II).
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electrochromic display element of claim 7 wherein said electrode is a transparent electrode.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
107 words
A method for producing an electrochromic display element comprising: providing an aqueous solution containing M(III) ions and [Fe(II) (CN) 6 ] 3- ions with the proviso that said solution does not contain both Fe(III) ions and [Fe(II) (CN) 6 ] 3- ions; and electrodepositing a compound of the formula M I M(III)[M'(II) (CN) 6 ] or M(III) 4 [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] 3 on a conductor from said aqueous solution, wherein M(III) and M'(III) are each Fe(III), Ru(III) or Os(III), M'(II) is Fe(II), Ru(III) or Os(II) and M I is an alkali metal cation, with the proviso that said compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe(II).
Claim 14
Independent Claim
107 words
A method for producing an electrochromic display element comprising: providing an aqueous solution containing M(III) ions and [Fe(II) (CN) 6 ] 3- ions with the proviso that said solution does not contain both Fe(III) ions and [Fe(II) (CN) 6 ] 3- ions; and electrodepositing a compound of the formula M I M(III)[M'(II) (CN) 6 ] or M(III) 4 [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] 3 on a conductor from said aqueous solution, wherein M(III) and M'(III) are each Fe(III), Ru(III) or Os(III), M'(II) is Fe(II), Ru(III) or Os(II) and M I is an alkali metal cation, with the proviso that said compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe(II).
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 9 wherein the conductor is composed of transparent material.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
117 words
A method for producing a catalytic electrode effective to catalyze the evolution of oxygen and chlorine gases comprising: providing an aqueous solution containing M(III) ions and [M'(III) (CN) 6 ] 3- ions, with the proviso that said solution does not contain both Fe(III) ions and [Fe(II) (CN) 6 ] 3 - ions; and electrodepositing a compound of the formula M I M(III)[M'(II) (CN) 6 ] or M(III) 4- [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] 3 on a conductor from said aqueous solution, wherein M(III) and M'(III) are each Fe(III), Ru(III) or Os(III), M'(II) is Fe(II), Ru(II) or Os(II) and M I is an alkali metal cation, with the proviso that said compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe(II).
Claim 17
Independent Claim
117 words
A method for producing a catalytic electrode effective to catalyze the evolution of oxygen and chlorine gases comprising: providing an aqueous solution containing M(III) ions and [M'(III) (CN) 6 ] 3- ions, with the proviso that said solution does not contain both Fe(III) ions and [Fe(II) (CN) 6 ] 3 - ions; and electrodepositing a compound of the formula M I M(III)[M'(II) (CN) 6 ] or M(III) 4- [M'(II) (CN) 6 ] 3 on a conductor from said aqueous solution, wherein M(III) and M'(III) are each Fe(III), Ru(III) or Os(III), M'(II) is Fe(II), Ru(II) or Os(II) and M I is an alkali metal cation, with the proviso that said compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe(II).
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
The functional electrode of claim 1 wherein either M(III) is Fe(III) or M'(II) is Fe(II).
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-05-29 | 1987-11-28 | 1988-05-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-05-29 | 1991-11-28 | 1992-05-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-05-29 | 1995-11-28 | 1996-05-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |