US4448587A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Synergistic cetane improver
Assignee: Ethyl Corp
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Filing: 1983-03-28
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Granted: 1984-05-15
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Expires: 2003-03-28
Abstract
Abstract The cetane rating of diesel fuel is increased by addition of a small amount of the synergistic combination of (a) an alkyl-nitrate (e.g. octyl nitrates) and (b) the nitrate ester of an alkoxylated alcohol (e.g. ethoxyethyl nitrate).
Inventors
- 👤 James B. Hinkamp
- 👤 John V. Hanlon
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 11:18
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L1/22; C10L1/23; C10L1/231; F; F02; F02B; F02B3/00; F02B3/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
71 words
A synergistic combination of organic nitrate cetane improvers comprising (a) about 5-95 weight percent of a C 4 -C 12 alkylnitrate, C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl nitrate or mixtures thereof and (b) about 95-5 weight percent of an alkoxyalkyl nitrate of the formula R--O--R'--.sub.n ONO.sub.2 wherein R is an alkyl containing 1-10 carbon atoms, R' is a divalent alkylene group of 2-4 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 1-4.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
71 words
A synergistic combination of organic nitrate cetane improvers comprising (a) about 5-95 weight percent of a C 4 -C 12 alkylnitrate, C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl nitrate or mixtures thereof and (b) about 95-5 weight percent of an alkoxyalkyl nitrate of the formula R--O--R'--.sub.n ONO.sub.2 wherein R is an alkyl containing 1-10 carbon atoms, R' is a divalent alkylene group of 2-4 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 1-4.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
49 words
A combination of claim 1 comprising (a) about 5-95 weight percent of a primary C 5-10 alkyl nitrate and (b) about 95-5 weight percent of an alkoxyalkyl nitrate wherein R is an alkyl group containing 1-4 carbon atoms, R' is --CH 2 CH 2 -- and n is 1.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
A combination of claim 2 wherein said alkoxyalkyl nitrate is ethoxyethyl nitrate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
A combination of claim 3 comprising (a) about 30-70 weight percent C 5-10 alkyl nitrate and (b) about 70-30 weight percent ethoxyethyl nitrate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
A combination of claim 4 comprising (a) about 30-70 weight percent amyl nitrate and (b) about 70-30 weight percent ethoxyethyl nitrate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
A combination of claim 5 comprising (a) about 30-70 weight percent hexyl nitrates and (b) about 70-30 weight percent ethoxyethyl nitrate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
A combination of claim 6 comprising (a) about 30-70 weight percent octyl nitrates and (b) about 70-30 weight percent ethoxyethyl nitrate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
81 words
A distillate fuel of the diesel boiling range containing a cetane number increasing amount of the synergistic combination of (a) about 5-95 weight percent of a C 4 -C 12 alkylnitrate, C 6 -C 12 cycloalkyl nitrate or mixtures thereof and (b) about 95-5 weight percent of an alkoxyalkyl nitrate of the formula R--O--R'.sub.n ONO.sub.2 wherein R is an alkyl containing 1-10 carbon atoms, R' is a divalent alkylene group of 2-4 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 1-4.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
81 words
A distillate fuel of the diesel boiling range containing a cetane number increasing amount of the synergistic combination of (a) about 5-95 weight percent of a C 4 -C 12 alkylnitrate, C 6 -C 12 cycloalkyl nitrate or mixtures thereof and (b) about 95-5 weight percent of an alkoxyalkyl nitrate of the formula R--O--R'.sub.n ONO.sub.2 wherein R is an alkyl containing 1-10 carbon atoms, R' is a divalent alkylene group of 2-4 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 1-4.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
54 words
A fuel of claim 8 wherein said synergistic cetane improver comprises (a) about 5-95 weight percent of a primary C 5-10 alkyl nitrate and (b) about 95-5 weight percent of an alkoxyalkyl nitrate wherein R is an alkyl group containing 1-4 carbon atoms, R' is --CH 2 CH 2 -- and n is 1.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
12 words
A fuel of claim 9 wherein said alkoxyalkyl nitrate is ethoxyethyl nitrate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
A fuel of claim 10 wherein said synergistic cetane improvers comprise (a) about 30-70 weight percent C 5-10 alkyl nitrate and (b) about 70-30 weight percent ethoxyethyl nitrate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
26 words
A fuel of claim 11 wherein said synergistic cetane improvers comprise (a) about 30-70 weight percent amyl nitrates and (b) about 70-30 weight percent ethoxyethyl nitrate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
26 words
A fuel of claim 11 wherein said synergistic cetane improvers comprise (a) about 30-70 weight percent hexyl nitrates and (b) about 70-30 weight percent ethoxyethyl nitrate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
A fuel of claim 11 wherein said synergistic cetane improvers comprise (a) about 30-70 weight percent octyl nitrates and (b) about 70-30 weight percent ethoxyethyl nitrate.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-05-15 | 1987-11-14 | 1988-05-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-05-15 | 1991-11-14 | 1992-05-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-05-15 | 1995-11-14 | 1996-05-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |