US4441889A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Coal-aqueous mixtures
Assignee: Gulf and Western Industries Inc
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Filing: 1982-09-10
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Granted: 1984-04-10
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Expires: 2002-09-10
Abstract
Abstract Coal-aqueous mixture having high solids content and excellent stability are provided by an improved process involving selective mixing and other conditions.
Inventors
- 👤 Seymour Mark
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 13:00
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/32; C10L1/326; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S516/00; Y10S516/01; Y10S516/924; Y10S516/929; Y10S516/93
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
79 words
A method for forming a coal-aqueous mixture, said method comprising the steps of: (i) admixing a polyalkyleneoxide nonionic surfactant having a hydrophobic portion and a hydrophilic portion, said hydrophilic portion being comprised of at least about 100 units of ethylene oxide, with water, under low speed agitation conditions; (ii) admixing particulate coal with the admixture resulting from step (i) under medium speed agitation conditions; and (iii) agitating the resultant coal containing mixture of step (ii) under high speed agitation.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
79 words
A method for forming a coal-aqueous mixture, said method comprising the steps of: (i) admixing a polyalkyleneoxide nonionic surfactant having a hydrophobic portion and a hydrophilic portion, said hydrophilic portion being comprised of at least about 100 units of ethylene oxide, with water, under low speed agitation conditions; (ii) admixing particulate coal with the admixture resulting from step (i) under medium speed agitation conditions; and (iii) agitating the resultant coal containing mixture of step (ii) under high speed agitation.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said medium speed agitation in step (ii) is carried out for a time sufficient to wet the coal particles and said high speed agitation is carried out for a time sufficient to disperse the coal.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1 wherein an anti-foam agent is added to the mixture during step (i).
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 1 including the further steps of: (iv) admixing a thickening agent under high speed agitation conditions, to the admixture resulting from step (iii).
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 4, wherein said thickening agent is selected from the group consisting of xanthan gum, guar gum, cellulose gum, glue and alkali soluble acrylic polymer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said anti-foam agent is comprised a mixture of mineral oil, amide and polyethylene glycol oleate ester.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 4 including the further step of: (v) admixing, a member selected from the group consisting of an anti-bacterial agent, a viscosity stabilizer and mixtures thereof to the mixture resulting from step (iv), under high speed agitation.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said viscosity stabilizer is ammonia.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said particulate coal is added in an amount from about 45 to 80 percent; said water is added in an amount from about 19.9 to 52 percent; and said polyalkyleneoxide nonionic surfactant is added in an amount from about 0.1 to 3.0 percent, based on the total weight of the mixture.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said polyalkyleneoxide nonionic surfactant has a molecular weight of at least about 4000.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
49 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said polyalkyleneoxide nonionic surfactant comprises a composition of the formula ##STR8## wherein R is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl of from 1 to 18 carbon atoms; substituted or unsubstituted aryl or an amino group, and n is an integer of at least about 100.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
10 words
The method of claim 11 wherein R is a nonyl.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 11 wherein said polyalkyleneoxide nonionic surfactant has a molecular weight of at least about 4000.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
42 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said polyalkyleneoxide nonionic surfactant comprises a composition of the formula HO(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.a [CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 O].sub.b (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.c H wherein a, b and c are whole integers and a and c total at least about 100.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 14 wherein said polyalkyleneoxide nonionic surfactant has a molecular weight of at least about 6000.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
65 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said polyalkyleneoxide nonionic surfactant comprises a composition of the formula ##STR9## wherein R 1 is an alkylene radical having 2 to 5 carbon atoms; R 2 is an alkylene radical having 3 to 5 carbon atoms; a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h are whole integers and e, f, g and h total at least about 100.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as defined in claim 16 wherein R 1 is an alkylene radical having 2 carbon atoms and R 2 is an alkylene radical having 3 carbon atoms.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 4 where said thickening agent is added in an amount to result in from about 0.01 to 3 percent by weight of the total mixture.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said particulate coal is beneficiated.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said particulate coal is about 200 mesh in Tyler Standard screen size.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
42 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said particulate coal is characterized by having a sulfur content of from 0.5 to 2.0 percent by weight, and an ash content of from about 0.5 to 6.0 percent, based on the weight of dry coal.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 21 wherein said particulate coal further includes a fuel oil.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said particulate coal is non-beneficiated.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-04-10 | 1987-10-10 | 1988-04-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-04-10 | 1991-10-10 | 1992-04-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-04-10 | 1995-10-10 | 1996-04-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |