US4440916A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for solid state free radical reactions
Assignee: General Technology Applications Inc
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Filing: 1982-05-06
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Granted: 1984-04-03
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Expires: 2002-05-06
Abstract
Abstract Particles of two different normally solid materials are caused to react by generating free radicals on the surfaces of at least one of the solids by mechanical working, suitably by comminution, at cryogenic temperatures. At least one of the solids is preferably a polymeric material while the other may be a different polymer, a catalyst, a lubricity enhancing material, a filler, a pigment or the like.
Inventors
- 👤 Paul F. Waters
- 👤 Thomas T. Scambos
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 19:14
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08G; C08G81/00; C08G83/00; C08G83/001; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S525/00; Y10S525/904
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
95 words
A process for the solid state reaction of a first normally solid polymer with at least one other normally solid polymer which comprises: generating free radicals on at least the surface of said first polymer by the mechanical working of said polymer at cryogenic temperature in an atmosphere non-reactive toward said free radicals; maintaining at least said first polymer at cryogenic temperatures, and while at cryogenic temperatures, contacting said first polymer with said other polymer and subsequently heating at a rate and for a time sufficient to cause reaction between said first and second polymers.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
95 words
A process for the solid state reaction of a first normally solid polymer with at least one other normally solid polymer which comprises: generating free radicals on at least the surface of said first polymer by the mechanical working of said polymer at cryogenic temperature in an atmosphere non-reactive toward said free radicals; maintaining at least said first polymer at cryogenic temperatures, and while at cryogenic temperatures, contacting said first polymer with said other polymer and subsequently heating at a rate and for a time sufficient to cause reaction between said first and second polymers.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said mechanical working comprises comminution at cryogenic temperatures.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 2 wherein said first and other polymers are contacted in the presence of liquid or a gaseous cryogenic refrigerant.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 3 wherein said cryogenic refrigerant is nitrogen.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 2 wherein both said polymers are comminuted at cryogenic temperatures.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 5 wherein cryogenic temperatures are maintained during comminution and contacting by use of liquid nitrogen as a cryogenic refrigerant.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 6 wherein particles of both said polymers are contacted by agitation in a slurry of liquid nitrogen.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 2 wherein said polymer is comminuted to produce particles having a maximum size of about 10 microns.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 8 wherein particles of said other polymer have a maximum size of about 10 microns.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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GB1404677A
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FR2242210A1
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US4340076A
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US4273294A
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-04-03 | 1987-10-03 | 1988-04-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-04-03 | 1991-10-03 | 1992-04-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-04-03 | 1995-10-03 | 1996-04-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |