US4438028A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Fire retardant and compounds based thereon
Assignee: WIERSMA CHARLES M PRO-AM Corp
•
Filing: 1982-01-11
•
Granted: 1984-03-20
•
Expires: 2002-01-11
Abstract
Abstract The specification discloses a fire retardant composition, a plastic based thereon, a process making for same and a building component based thereon wherein the fire retardant comprises chemicals which when added to the plastic resin composition will undergo fractional, endothermic reactions under the action of high temperatures. The most preferred chemicals disclosed in the specification, and their proportions relative to one another, comprise from about 2 to about 10% by weight of ammonium polyphosphate, from about 10 to about 50% by weight of monoammonium phosphate, from about 4 to about 12% by weight of anhydrous borax, from about 12 to about 40% by weight of borax, and from about 12 to about 40% by weight of a urea polymer, preferably melamine. Other additives may be included and are disclosed in the specification.
Inventors
- 👤 Hans-Bernd Schmittmann
- 👤 Alfons Thier
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 18:12
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J9/00; C08J9/0066; C08J9/0014; C08J9/0028; C09; C09D; C09D5/00; C09D5/18; C09K; C09K21/00; C09K21/02; C09K21/04; C09K21/06; C09K21/10; C08J2375/00; C08J2375/04; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/92; Y10S428/921; Y10S521/00; Y10S521/906; Y10S521/907
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 90
Claim 1
Independent Claim
34 words
A fire retardant plastic comprising: a plastic resin composition combined with monoammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, an inorganic compound which releases water when heated, an anhydrous inorganic compound capable of hydration, and a urea polymer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
34 words
A fire retardant plastic comprising: a plastic resin composition combined with monoammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, an inorganic compound which releases water when heated, an anhydrous inorganic compound capable of hydration, and a urea polymer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The fire retardant plastic of claim 1 wherein said anhydrous inorganic compound is anhydrous borax.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
The fire retardant plastic of claim 1 in which said inorganic compound which releases water when heated is selected from the group consisting of borax decahydrate, borax pentahydrate and boric acid.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
The fire retardant plastic according to claim 1 in which said inorganic compound which releases water is borax decahydrate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
The fire retardant plastic of claims 1, 3 or 4 wherein said chemicals comprise from about 15 to about 64% of the overall plastic composition.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
83 words
The fire retardant plastic of claim 5 wherein said chemicals as a separate additive are in the following proportion relative to one another; from about 2 to about 10% by weight of said ammonium polyphosphate; from about 10 to about 50% by weight of said monoammonium phosphate; from about 4 to about 12% by weight of said anhydrous borax; from about 12 to about 40% by weight of said borax; and from about 12 to about 40% by weight of said urea polymer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
83 words
The fire retardant plastic of claim 6 wherein said chemicals as a separate additive are in the following proportion relative to one another; from about 5 to about 8% by weight of said ammonium polyphosphate; from about 30 to about 40% by weight of said monoammonium phosphate; from about 7 to about 10% by weight of said anhydrous borax; from about 20 to about 30% by weight of said borax; and from about 20 to about 30% by weight of said urea polymer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
86 words
The fire retardant plastic of claims 1, 3 or 4 wherein said chemicals as a separate additive are in the following proportion relative to one another; from about 2 to about 10% by weight of said ammonium polyphosphate; from about 10 to about 50% by weight of said monoammonium phosphate; from about 4 to about 12% by weight of said anhydrous borax; from about 12 to about 40% by weight of said borax; and from about 12 to about 40% by weight of said urea polymer.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
83 words
The fire retardant plastic of claim 8 wherein said chemicals as a separate additive are in the following proportion relative to one another; from about 5 to about 8% by weight of said ammonium polyphosphate; from about 30 to about 40% by weight of said monoammonium phosphate; from about 7 to about 10% by weight of said anhydrous borax; from about 20 to about 30% by weight of said borax; and from about 20 to about 30% by weight of said urea polymer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
The fire retardant plastic according to claim 9 wherein said urea polymer is selected from the group consisting of melamine, cyanuramide, cyanurdiamide and dicyandiamide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
The fire retardant plastic according to claim 8 wherein said urea polymer is selected from the group consisting of melamine, cyanuramide, cyanurdiamide and dicyandiamide.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
The fire retardant plastic according to claim 7 wherein said urea polymer is selected from the group consisting of melamine, cyanuramide, cyanurdiamide and dicyandiamide.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
24 words
The fire retardant plastic accordin to claim 6 wherein said urea polymer is selected from the group consisting of melamine, cyanuramide, cyanurdiamide and dicyandiamide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
The fire retardant plastic according to claims 1, 3 or 4 wherein said urea polymer is selected from the group consisting of melamine, cyanuramide, cyanurdiamide and dicyandiamide.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
A fire retardant plastic accordin to claim 10 wherein said plastic resin composition is a plastic foam.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
A fire retardant plastic according to claim 15 characterized in that said plastic resin composition is a polyurethane foam composition.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
The fire retardant plastic of claim 16 wherein said foam is generated using a nonaqueous blowing system.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
28 words
The fire retardant plastic according to claim 10 which additionally includes urea in an amount relative to said chemicals only of from 0 to about 20% by weight.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
22 words
The fire retardant plastic of claim 18 wherein said proportion of said urea is from about 5 to about 10% by weight.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
A fire retardant plastic according to claim 18 characterized in that it contains added pyrogenic, siliconated silicic acid.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
The fire retardant plastic of claims 1, 3, or 4 wherein said chemicals are approximately 10 microns or less in particle size.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
19 words
The fire retardant plastic of claim 5 wherein said chemicals are approximately 10 microns or less in particle size.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
19 words
The fire retardant plastic of claim 6 wherein said chemicals are approximately 10 microns or less in particle size.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
19 words
The fire retardant plastic of claim 7 wherein said chemicals are approximately 10 microns or less in particle size.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
19 words
The fire retardant plastic of claim 8 wherein said chemicals are approximately 10 microns or less in particle size.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
19 words
The fire retardant plastic of claim 9 wherein said chemicals are approximately 10 microns or less in particle size.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
42 words
A process for the production of a fire retardant plastic wherein a plastic is mixed with the following chemicals: monoammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, an inorganic compound which releases water when heated, an anhydrous inorganic compound capable of hydration, and a urea polymer.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
42 words
A process for the production of a fire retardant plastic wherein a plastic is mixed with the following chemicals: monoammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, an inorganic compound which releases water when heated, an anhydrous inorganic compound capable of hydration, and a urea polymer.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 27 in which said anhydrous inorganic compound is anhydrous borax.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process according to claim 28 in which said inorganic compound which releases water when heated is selected from the group consisting of borax decahydrate, borax pentahydrate and boric acid.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process according to claim 29 in which said inorganic compound which releases water is borax decahydrate.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process according to claim 30 characterized in that said urea polymer is selected from the group consisting of melamine, cyanurdiamide, cyanuramide and dicyandiamide.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process according to claim 31 characterized in that pyrogenic, siliconated silicic acid is added to the premix.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process according to claim 32 characterized in that an alcohol is added to the total mixture to facilitate fluidization.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process according to claim 33 characterized in that methylene chloride is added to the basic mixture.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process according to claim 30 wherein said chemicals are approximately 10 microns or less in particle size.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
76 words
The process according to claim 30 characterized in that said chemicals comprise a premix of the following proportions with respect to one another: from about 2 to about 10 wt.% ammonium polyphosphate from about 10 to about 50 wt.% monoammonium phosphate from about 4 to about 12 wt.% anhydrous borax from about 12 to about 40 wt.% said inorganic compound which releases water when heated from about 12 to about 40 wt.% of said urea polymer.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process according to claim 36 wherein sufficient premix is added to the remaining ingredients to comprise from about 15 to about 64% by weight of the total composition.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
81 words
The process according to claim 37 wherein the proportions in said premix are as follows: from about 5 to about 8% by weight of said ammonium polyphosphate; from about 30 to about 40% by weight of said monoammonium phosphate; from about 7 to about 10% by weight of said anhydrous borax; from about 20 to about 30% by weight of said inorganic compound which releases water when heated; and from about 20 to about 30% by weight of said urea polymer.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
81 words
The process according to claim 36 wherein the proportions in said premix are as follows: from about 5 to about 8% by weight of said ammonium polyphosphate; from about 30 to about 40% by weight of said monoammonium phosphate; from about 7 to about 10% by weight of said anhydrous borax; from about 20 to about 30% by weight of said inorganic compound which releases water when heated; and from about 20 to about 30% by weight of said urea polymer.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process according to claim 39 wherein said urea polymer is selected from the group consisting of melamine, cyanuramide, cyanurdiamide and dicyandiamide.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process according to claim 38 wherein said urea polymer is selected from the group consisting of melamine, cyanuramide, cyanurdiamide and dicyandiamide.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process according to claim 40 wherein said premix additionally includes from about 0 to about 20% by weight of urea.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process according to claim 42 wherein said amount of said urea is from about 5 to about 10% by weight.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 40 wherein the plastic is a polyurethane foam comprising a polyol as the resin, isocyanate and an accelerator.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
39 words
The process of claim 44 wherein said premix comprises said additive mixture mixed with the polyol prior to adding either to the remaining ingredients of the plastic and is mixed with a mixer at approximately 3000 to 4000 rpm.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process according to claim 36 wherein said urea polymer is selected from the group consisting of melamine, cyanuramide, cyanurdiamide and dicyandiamide.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process according to claim 38 wherein the plastic used is a foam and a nonaqueous blowing system is used to generate the foam.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 47 wherein the plastic is a polyurethane foam comprising a polyol as the resin, isocyanate and an accelerator.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 48 wherein said premix comprises said additive mixture mixed with the polyol prior to adding either to the remaining ingredients of the plastic.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process according to claim 49 wherein said chemicals are approximately 10 microns or less in particle size.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process according to claim 37 wherein the plastic used is a foam and a nonaqueous blowing system is used to generate the foam.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 51 wherein the plastic is a polyurethane foam comprising a polyol as the resin, isocyanate and an accelerator.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 52 wherein said premix comprises said additive mixture mixed with the polyol prior to adding either to the remaining ingredients of the plastic.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process according to claim 36 used is a foam and a nonaqueous blowing system is used to generate the foam.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 54 wherein the plastic is a polyurethane foam comprising a polyol as the resin, isocyanate and an accelerator.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 55 wherein said premix comprises said additive mixture mixed with the polyol prior to adding either to the remaining ingredients of the plastic.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 56 wherein said chemicals are approximately 10 microns or less in particle size.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process according to claim 36 characterized in that pyrogenic, siliconated silicic acid is added to the premix.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process according to claim 58 characterized in that an alcohol, preferably n-butanol, is added to the total mixture to facilitate fluidization.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process according to claim 59 characterized in that methylene chloride is added to the basic mixture.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
30 words
A fire retardant additive comprising: monoammonium phosphate; ammonium polyphosphate; an inorganic compound which releases water when exposed to heat; an anhydrous inorganic compound capable of hydration; and a urea polymer.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
30 words
A fire retardant additive comprising: monoammonium phosphate; ammonium polyphosphate; an inorganic compound which releases water when exposed to heat; an anhydrous inorganic compound capable of hydration; and a urea polymer.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
16 words
The fire retardant additive of claim 61 in which said anhydrous inorganic compound is anhydrous borax.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
31 words
A fire retardant additive of claim 62 in which said inorganic compound which releases water when heated is selected from the group consisting of borax decahydrate, borax pentahydrate and boric acid.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
15 words
A fire retardant additive of claim 63 in which said inorganic compound is borax decahydrate.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
25 words
A fire retardant additive of claim 64 characterized in that said urea polymer is selected from the group consisting of melamine, cyanurdiamide, cyanuramide and dicyandiamide.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
25 words
A fire retardant additive of claim 63 characterized in that said urea polymer is selected from the group consisting of melamine, cyanurdiamide, cyanuramide and dicyandiamide.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
25 words
A fire retardant additive of claim 62 characterized in that said urea polymer is selected from the group consisting of melamine, cyanurdiamide, cyanuramide and dicyandiamide.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
25 words
A fire retardant additive of claim 61 characterized in that said urea polymer is selected from the group consisting of melamine, cyanurdiamide, cyanuramide and dicyandiamide.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
31 words
A fire retardant additive of claim 61 in which said inorganic compound which releases water when heated is selected from the group consisting of borax decahydrate, borax pentahydrate and boric acid.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
17 words
A fire retardant additive of claim 61 or 69 in which said inorganic compound is borax decahydrate.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
77 words
The first retardant additive of claim 70 which comprises from about 2 to about 10% by weight of said ammonium polyphosphate; from about 10 to about 50% by weight of said monoammonium phosphate; from about 4 to about 12% by weight of said anhydrous inorganic compound; from about 12 to about 40% by weight of said inorganic which releases water when exposed to heat; and from about 12 to about 40% by weight of said urea polymer.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
80 words
The fire retardant according to claim 71 wherein said amounts are as follows: from about 5 to about 8% by weight of said ammonium polyphosphate; from about 30 to about 40% by weight of said monoammonium phosphate; from about 7 to about 10% by weight of said anhydrous inorganic compound; from about 20 to about 30% by weight of said inorganic compound which releases water when heated; and from about 20 to about 30% by weight of said urea polymer.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
18 words
The fire retardant of claim 72 wherein said chemicals are approximately 10 microns or less in particle size.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
18 words
The fire retardant of claim 71 wherein said chemicals are approximately 10 microns or less in particle size.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
18 words
The fire retardant of claim 70 wherein said chemicals are approximately 10 microns or less in particle size.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
18 words
The fire retardant of claim 75 which additionally includes from about 0 to about 20% by weight urea.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
23 words
The fire retardant of claim 76 wherein said urea is present in an amount of from about 5 to about 10% by weight.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
22 words
The fire retardant of claim 76 which further includes from about 0.1 to about 2.5% by weight of pyrogenic, siliconated silicic acid.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
27 words
The fire retardant additive of claim 78 which includes as much as about 50% by weight of one of the following: alcohols, methylene chloride or mixtures thereof.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
18 words
The fire retardant of claim 71 which additionally includes from about 0 to about 20% by weight urea.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
23 words
The fire retardant of claim 80 wherein said urea is present in an amount of from about 5 to about 10% by weight.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
22 words
The fire retardant of claim 71 which further includes from about 0.1 to about 2.5% by weight of pyrogenic, siliconated silicic acid.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
27 words
The fire retardant additive of claim 82 which includes as much as about 50% by weight of one of the following: alcohols, methylene chloride or mixtures thereof.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
27 words
The fire retardant additive of claim 71 which includes as much as about 50% by weight of one of the following: alcohols, methylene chloride or mixtures thereof.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 33 in which said alcohol comprises n-butanol.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
16 words
The fire retardant additive of claim 79, 83 or 84 in which said alcohol comprises n-butanol.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
17 words
The fire retardant plastic of claim 15 wherein said foam is generated using a nonaqueous blowing system.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-03-20 | 1987-09-19 | 1988-03-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-03-20 | 1991-09-19 | 1992-03-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-09-19 | 1996-03-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |