US4430315A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Catalytic decomposition of hypochlorite using substituted cobalt oxide spinels
Assignee: Dow Chemical Co
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Filing: 1981-12-28
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Granted: 1984-02-07
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Expires: 2001-12-28
Abstract
Abstract Hypochlorite ions in aqueous solution are catalytically decomposed by the action of a poly-metal spinel of cobalt preferably coated on an inert, stable support. The spinel catalyst may contain dispersed therein, optionally, other "modifier" metal oxides which contribute better adherence of the spinel to the substrate and improve the toughness of the spinel coating. The substituted cobalt spinel conforms generally to the empirical formula M.sub.x N.sub.y Co.sub.3-(x+y) O.sub.4 where zero<x≦1; zero≦y≦0.5; M is at least one metal of Periodic Table Groups IB, IIA, and IIB; N is at least one metal from Group IA; and zero<(x+2y)≦1.
Inventors
- 👤 Donald L. Caldwell
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 17:42
CPC Classifications
C; C02; C02F; C02F1/00; C02F1/72; C02F1/725; C01; C01B; C01B13/00; C01B13/14; C01B13/20; C01B13/22; B; B01; B01J; B01J23/00; B01J23/70; B01J23/74; B01J23/75; B01J23/76; C01B7/00; C01B7/01; C02F1/76; C02F2303/00; C02F2303/18; C02F2303/185; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S502/00; Y10S502/524
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
102 words
In a process of catalytically decomposing hypochlorites into oxygen and chloride by use of a cobalt spinel catalyst, the improvement which comprises using a substituted cobalt spinel catalyst which conforms generally to the spinel structure M.sub.x N.sub.y Co.sub.3-(x+y) O.sub.4 where zero<x≦1; zero≦y≦0.5; zero<(x+2y)≦1; M is at least one metal of Periodic Table Groups IB, IIA, and IIB; and N is at least one metal from Group IA, wherein the "half life" of the decomposition of hypochlorite into oxygen and chloride using the substituted cobalt spinel catalyst is less than "half life" of said decomposition using unsubstituted Co 3 O 4 spinel catalyst.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
102 words
In a process of catalytically decomposing hypochlorites into oxygen and chloride by use of a cobalt spinel catalyst, the improvement which comprises using a substituted cobalt spinel catalyst which conforms generally to the spinel structure M.sub.x N.sub.y Co.sub.3-(x+y) O.sub.4 where zero<x≦1; zero≦y≦0.5; zero<(x+2y)≦1; M is at least one metal of Periodic Table Groups IB, IIA, and IIB; and N is at least one metal from Group IA, wherein the "half life" of the decomposition of hypochlorite into oxygen and chloride using the substituted cobalt spinel catalyst is less than "half life" of said decomposition using unsubstituted Co 3 O 4 spinel catalyst.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein M is at least one of the group comprising Zn, Cu, and Mg.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein N is at least one of the group comprising Li, Na, and K.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 1 wherein M is at least one of the group comprising Zn, Cu, and Mg and N is at least one of the group comprising Li, Na, and K.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the substituted cobalt spinel catalyst contains at least one modifier metal oxide selected from the oxides of the metals of Periodic Table groups III-A, III-B, IV-A, IV-B, V-A, V-B, VI-B, VII-B, the lanthanides, and the actinides.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the substituted cobalt spinel catalyst contains at least one modifier metal oxide selected from the oxides of zirconium, tungsten, lead, vanadium, tin, tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, aluminum, cerium, bismuth, chromium, antimony, and titanium.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 6 wherein the modifier metal oxide is at least one oxide of zirconium, vanadium, and lead.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the modifier metal oxide is zirconium oxide.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the substituted cobalt spinel catalyst is supported by a substrate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 9 wherein the substrate is a substantially inert metal or inorganic material.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 9 wherein the substrate is an inorganic material of ceramic, glass, graphite, refractory, or mineral composition.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 9 wherein the substrate is a particulate or pellet form of ceramic aluminum silicate.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-02-06 | 1987-08-08 | 1988-02-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-02-06 | 1991-08-08 | 1992-02-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-02-06 | 1995-08-08 | 1996-02-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |