US4425251A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Water-activated exothermic chemical formulations
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1982-04-12
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Granted: 1984-01-10
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Expires: 2002-04-12
Abstract
Abstract Intimately mixed dry chemical formulations consisting of (1) a stable acid-acetate salt and (2) a chemical base for use as water-activated exothermic deicing agents, and/or as the dry chemical components of a warming device. The salt is optionally calcium monoacid acetate, sodium diacetate, or calcium magnesium monoacid acetate wherein up to 7 mol percent of the metal is magnesium. The chemical base is optionally calcium oxide or hydroxide, magnesium oxide or hydroxide, or calcined limestone. The relatively non-polluting formulations are pelletized or otherwise aggregated for application to roads, highways, walkways and parking lots as deicers.
Inventors
- 👤 A. B. Gancy
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 23:53
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09K; C09K3/00; C09K3/18; C09K3/185
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
26 words
The dry-blend of sodium diacetate with a chemical base which is unreactive towards the sodium diacetate until the blend is activated by the introduction of water.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
26 words
The dry-blend of sodium diacetate with a chemical base which is unreactive towards the sodium diacetate until the blend is activated by the introduction of water.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
The formulation of claim 1 wherein the chemical base is calcium oxide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The formulation of claim 1 wherein the chemical base is magnesium oxide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The formulation of claim 1 wherein the chemical base is magnesium hydroxide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
The formulation of claim 1 wherein the chemical base is calcium hydroxide.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
The formulation of claim 1 wherein the chemical base is calcined limestone.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
The formulation of claim 1 wherein the amount of chemical base is stoichiometrically equivalent to the amount of acid in the acid-acetate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
A chemical deicer comprising the formulation of claim 1 in pelletized, flaked or otherwise aggregated form.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
59 words
A warming device consisting of two chambers separated by a barrier, one chamber containing a dry-blend of sodium diacetate with a chemical base which is unreactive to the sodium diacetate until water-activated, and the other compartment containing water, activation of which device is accomplished through disruption of said barrier so as to allow admixture of water and said dry-blend.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
59 words
A warming device consisting of two chambers separated by a barrier, one chamber containing a dry-blend of sodium diacetate with a chemical base which is unreactive to the sodium diacetate until water-activated, and the other compartment containing water, activation of which device is accomplished through disruption of said barrier so as to allow admixture of water and said dry-blend.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
29 words
The dry blend of calcium monoacid acetate with a chemical base which is unreactive towards the calcium monoacid acetate until the blend is activated by the introduction of water.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
The dry blend of calcium monoacid acetate with a chemical base which is unreactive towards the calcium monoacid acetate until the blend is activated by the introduction of water.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The formulation of claim 10 wherein the chemical base is calcium oxide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
12 words
The formulation of claim 10 wherein the chemical base is magnesium oxide.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The formulation of claim 10 wherein the chemical base is magnesium hydroxide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
The formulation of claim 10 wherein the chemical base is calcined limestone.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
22 words
The formulation of claim 10 wherein the amount of chemical base is stoichiometrically equivalent to the amount of acid in the acid-acetate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
A chemical deicer comprising the formulation of claim 10 in pelletized, flaked or otherwise aggregated form.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
59 words
A warming device consisting of two chambers separated by a barrier, one chamber containing a dry-blend of calcium mono-acetate with a chemical base which is unreactive to the calcium mono-acetate until water-activated, and the other compartment containing water, activation of which device is accomplished through disruption of said barrier so as to allow admixture of water and said dry-blend.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
59 words
A warming device consisting of two chambers separated by a barrier, one chamber containing a dry-blend of calcium mono-acetate with a chemical base which is unreactive to the calcium mono-acetate until water-activated, and the other compartment containing water, activation of which device is accomplished through disruption of said barrier so as to allow admixture of water and said dry-blend.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
11 words
The dry blend of calcium magnesium monoacid acetate with calcium hydroxide.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
11 words
The dry blend of calcium magnesium monoacid acetate with calcium hydroxide.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
19 words
The formulation of claim 18 wherein up to 7 mol percent of the metal in the acid-acetate is magnesium.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
The formulation of claim 19 wherein up to 50 mol percent of the calcium hydroxide has been replaced by calcium oxide.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
The formulation of claim 19 to which has been added a chemical drying agent.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-01-09 | 1987-07-11 | 1988-01-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-01-09 | 1991-07-11 | 1992-01-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-01-09 | 1995-07-11 | 1996-01-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |