US4423199A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Acrylamide containing emulsion copolymers for thickening purposes
Assignee: Rohm and Haas Co
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Filing: 1982-09-30
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Granted: 1983-12-27
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Expires: 2002-09-30
Abstract
Abstract There are disclosed stable, aqueous dispersions of water-insoluble emulsion copolymers of (1) about 10-70% by weight of methacrylic or acrylic acid, (2) about 0.5-25% by weight of an N-alkyl acrylamide, and (3) at least 25% by weight, to a total of 100%, of a C1-C4 alkyl (meth)acrylate, and, optionally, included in the total monomer mixture a small amount of (4) about 0.05-1% by weight of a polyethylenically unsaturated monomer. The emulsion copolymers, when neutralized and solubilized by addition of an alkali, are high efficiency thickeners for aqueous systems and have improved tolerance to ionic or electrolyte content. Typical systems that can be thickened are paint latices, cosmetic preparations, food preparations, ionic detergents, dye pastes for textiles, pharmaceuticals, and oil well drilling muds. Surfactants enhance the thickening properties afforded by the copolymers.
Inventors
- 👤 Ching-Jen Chang
- 👤 Travis E. Stevens
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 00:48
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61Q; A61Q19/00; A61K; A61K47/00; A61K47/30; A61K47/32; A61K8/00; A61K8/18; A61K8/72; A61K8/81; A61K8/8141; A61K8/8158; A61K9/00; A61K9/0012; A61K9/0014; C; C08; C08F; C08F220/00; C08F220/02; C08F220/04; C08F222/00; C08F222/02; C09; C09D; C09D7/00; C09D7/40; C09D7/43; C09K; C09K8/00; C09K8/60; C09K8/62; C09K8/64; C11; C11D; C11D3/00; C11D3/16; C11D3/37; C11D3/3746; C11D3/3769; C11D3/3773; D; D06; D06P; D06P1/00; D06P1/44; D06P1/52; D06P1/5207; D06P1/525; D06P1/5257; G; G02; G02B; G02B6/00; G02B6/44; G02B6/4479; G02B6/4486; A61K2800/00; A61K2800/10; A61Q11/00; C08L; C08L33/00; C08L33/24; C08L33/26
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
213 words
A copolymer polymerized from a monomer system comprising (1) at least about 10 weight percent of a monomer or a mixture of monomers selected from the group consisting of methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, acrylic acid, acryloxypropionic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, citraconic acid and crotonic acid; (2) about 0.5 to 25 weight percent of at least one monomer of the formula: H.sub.2 C═CH--C(O)--NH--R wherein: R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylaryl, and polycyclic alkyl groups having 8 to 30 carbon atoms; (3) optionally at least one copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formula H.sub.2 C═CYZ wherein (a) Y is H and Z is COOR", C 6 H 4 R'", CN, Cl, CONH 2 , OC(O)R"" or CH═CH 2 ; (b) Y is C 1 -C 4 alkyl and Z is COOR", C 6 H 4 R"", CN, CONH 2 , or CH═CH 2 ; or (c) Y and Z are Cl; and R" is C 1 -C 8 alkyl or C 2 -C 8 hydroxyalkyl or lower alkoxy(C 2 -C 8 )alkyl; R'" is H, Cl, Br, or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; and R"" is C 1 -C 8 alkyl; and (4) zero to 1.0 weight percent of a polyethylenically unsaturated monomer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
213 words
A copolymer polymerized from a monomer system comprising (1) at least about 10 weight percent of a monomer or a mixture of monomers selected from the group consisting of methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, acrylic acid, acryloxypropionic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, citraconic acid and crotonic acid; (2) about 0.5 to 25 weight percent of at least one monomer of the formula: H.sub.2 C═CH--C(O)--NH--R wherein: R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylaryl, and polycyclic alkyl groups having 8 to 30 carbon atoms; (3) optionally at least one copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formula H.sub.2 C═CYZ wherein (a) Y is H and Z is COOR", C 6 H 4 R'", CN, Cl, CONH 2 , OC(O)R"" or CH═CH 2 ; (b) Y is C 1 -C 4 alkyl and Z is COOR", C 6 H 4 R"", CN, CONH 2 , or CH═CH 2 ; or (c) Y and Z are Cl; and R" is C 1 -C 8 alkyl or C 2 -C 8 hydroxyalkyl or lower alkoxy(C 2 -C 8 )alkyl; R'" is H, Cl, Br, or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; and R"" is C 1 -C 8 alkyl; and (4) zero to 1.0 weight percent of a polyethylenically unsaturated monomer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
227 words
A water-insoluble emulsion copolymer according to claim 1 polymerized from a monomer system comprising (1) about 10 to 70 weight percent of at least one member selected from the group consisting of methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, itaconic acid and acryloxypropionic acid; and (2) about 0.5 to 25 weight percent of at least one monomer of the formula: H.sub.2 C═CH--C(O)--NH--R wherein: R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylaryl, and polycyclic alkyl groups having 8 to 30 carbon atoms; (3) at least 30 weight percent of at least one copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formula H.sub.2 C═CYZ wherein: (a) Y is H and Z is COOR", C 6 H 4 R'", CN, Cl, CONH 2 , OC(O)R"" or CH═CH 2 ; (b) Y is C 1 -C 4 alkyl and Z is COOR", C 6 H 4 R"", CN, CONH 2 , or CH═CH 2 or (c) Y and Z are Cl and R" is C 1 -C 8 alkyl or C 2 -C 8 hydroxyalkyl or lower alkoxy(C 2 -C 8 )alkyl; R'" is H, Cl, Br, or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; and R"" is C 1 -C 8 alkyl; and (4) zero to 1.0 weight percent of a polyethylenically unsaturated monomer; the total of the percentages of monomers (1), (2), (3) and (4) being 100.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
130 words
A water-insoluble emulsion copolymer according to claim 2 polymerized from a monomer system consisting essentially of: (1) about 10 to 70 weight percent of at least one member selected from the group consisting of methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, acryloxypropionic acid and itaconic acid; (2) about 0.5 to 25 weight percent of at least one monomer of the formula; H.sub.2 C═CH--C(O)--NH--R wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylaryl and polycyclic alkyl groups having 8 to 30 carbon atoms; (3) at least 30 weight percent of at least one alkyl (meth)acrylate in which the alkyl group has 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and (4) zero to 1.0 weight percent of a polyethylenically unsaturated monomer; the total of the percentages of monomers (1), (2), (3), and (4) being 100.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
49 words
An aqueous dispersion of a copolymer according to claim 3 in which the proportion of component (1) is from 30 to 45 weight percent, the proportion of component (2) is from 1 to 15 weight percent, and the propotion of component (3) is about 40 to 60 weight percent.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
An aqueous dispersion of a copolymer according to claim 3 in which R of component (2) is an alkyl group having 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
60 words
A water-insoluble emulsion copolymer according to claim 3 having the composition: (1) about 30 to 45 weight percent of methacrylic acid; (2) about 1 to 15 weight percent of at least one monomer of the formula: H.sub.2 C═CH--C(O)--NH--R wherein R is an alkyl group having 10 to 18 carbon atoms. (3) about 40 to 60 weight percent of ethyl acrylate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
An aqueous dispersion of an emulsion copolymer according to claim 2 which upon at least partial neutralization of the copolymer provides increased viscosity.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
79 words
An aqueous dispersion of an emulsion copolymer according to claim 2 adapted to be formulated with an aqueous pigment dispersion and an aqueous dispersion of a vinyl addition emulsion polymer binder for making water-base paints containing the pigment in a pigment volume concentration of up to 65%, said aqueous dispersion of an emulsion copolymer according to claim 2 providing controlled rheological properties to the water-base paint upon at least partial neutralization of the emulsion copolymer according to claim 2.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
38 words
An aqueous dispersion of an emulsion copolymer of claim 2 and a surfactant, said surfactant being present in an amount effective to thicken the dispersion beyond the thickening provided by at least partial neutralization of said emulsion copolymer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
13 words
The aqueous dispersion of claim 9 wherein the surfactant is anionic or nonionic.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process of thickening an aqueous system, comprising adding to the system an emulsion copolymer according to claim 2 and at least partially neutralizing said copolymer.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 11 wherein the system is thickened further by the addition of an effective amount of surfactant.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
A latex paint containing the neutralized composition made by the process of claim 11.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
A pigment dispersion comprising the neutralized composition made by the process of claim 11.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
An oil well drilling fluid comprising the neutralized composition made by the process of claim 11.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
A textile printing paste comprising the neutralized composition made by the process of claim 11.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
A dentrifice containing the neutralized composition made by the process of claim 11.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
A hand lotion containing the neutralized composition made by the process of claim 11.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
A liquid detergent comprising the neutralized composition made by the process of claim 11.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
65 words
A water-base paint comprising an aqueous dispersion of a vinyl addition emulsion polymer binder selected from vinyl acetate polymers, polymers of esters of acrylic acid, polymers of esters of methacrylic acid, and styrene-butadiene polymers, said paint containing a pigment having a PVC up to 65%, and containing at least partially neutralized emulsion copolymers according to claim 2 to control the rheological properties of the paint.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
123 words
A textile printing composition comprising a water-in-oil clear concentrate containing a surfactant, such as sortitan mono-oleate, dissolved in a hydrocarbon distillate, such as mineral spirits having a flash point over 120° C., and an aqueous dispersion of an emulsion copolymer of (meth)acrylic acid according to claim 2 mixed therewith to emulsify the water thereof in the hydrocarbon solution, the copolymer of claim 2 being then thickened by at least partial neutralization by a base, such as ammonium hydroxide, the resulting concentrate being dilutable with water to form a printing clear which can be mixed with an aqueous vinyl addition emulsion polymer to serve as binder, and optionally with a color concentrate to form a pigment paste for pigment printing, and dyeing of textiles.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
59 words
A textile printing composition comprising a water-in-oil clear concentrate according to claim 21, additional water, an aqueous dispersion of a binder comprising a vinyl addition emulsion polymer having a heat-reactive component therein, and a color concentrate, the several components being mixed to form a pigment paste having desired rheological properties suitable for the pigment printing and dyeing of textiles.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-12-26 | 1987-06-27 | 1987-12-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-12-26 | 1991-06-27 | 1991-12-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-12-26 | 1995-06-27 | 1995-12-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |