US4422877A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Synthetic polymer-propellant compositions forming cold foamed structures having a temperature at least 30° C. below ambient temperature and containing open and/or closed cells
Assignee: RESTECH RESEARCH 200 PARK AVE SOUTH NEW YORK NY A PARTNERSHIP OF NY LP
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Filing: 1982-02-04
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Granted: 1983-12-27
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Expires: 2002-02-04
Abstract
Abstract Synthetic polymer-propellant compositions are provided that are capable of forming foamed structures having a temperature at least 30 DEG C. below ambient temperature and containing open and/or closed cells, which may optionally contain a material which is deposited in the pores and/or walls of the structure as the structure is formed, and comprising: (a) a film-forming synthetic polymer is an amount within the range from about 2% to about 30% by weight of the composition; (b) at least one liquefied propellant boiling below -10 DEG C; (c) the total propellant being in an amount within the range from about 50% to about 90% by weight of the composition; and having a heat of vaporization of at least 55 calories per gram; the propellant being capable of dissolving the synthetic polymer at least in the presence of a co-solvent that is soluble in the propellant and in solutions of the synthetic polymer in the propellant at ambient temperature; and (d) at least one nonsolvent that is soluble in the propellant solution but in which the synthetic polymer is insoluble in an amount within the range from about 1% to about 85% by weight of the composition; the composition forming upon volatilization of propellant at ambient temperature and pressure a foamed structure containing open and/or closed cells and having a temperature at least 30 DEG C. below ambient temperature.
Inventors
- 👤 J. George Spitzer
- 👤 Lloyd I. Osipow
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 12:03
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61Q; A61Q19/00; A61F; A61F7/00; A61F7/10; A61F7/106; A61K; A61K8/00; A61K8/02; A61K8/04; A61K8/046; C; C08; C08J; C08J9/00; C08J9/04; C08J9/12; C08J9/14; C08J9/149; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S524/00; Y10S524/903
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
234 words
A synthetic polymer-liquefied propellant composition capable of forming a cold foamed structure having a temperature at least 30° C. below the ambient temperature at which the cold foamed structure is formed, and containing open and/or closed cells, which may contain an additive which is deposited in the pores and/or walls of the foamed structure as the foamed structure is formed, comprising, as the essential ingredients: (a) a film-forming synthetic polymer in an amount within the range from about 2% to about 30% by weight of the composition; (b) at least one liquefied propellant boiling below -10° C.; (c) the total propellant being in an amount within the range from about 50% to about 90% by weight of the composition; and having a heat vaporization of at least 55 calories per gram; the propellant being capable of dissolving the synthetic polymer at least in the presence of a co-solvent that is soluble in the propellant and in solutions of the synthetic polymer in the propellant at ambient temperature; and (d) at least one nonsolvent that is soluble in the propellant but in which the synthetic polymer is insoluble in an amount within the range from about 1% to about 85% by weight of the composition; the composition forming on volatilization of propellant at ambient temperature a coherent foamed structure containing open and/or closed cells, and having a temperature at least 30° C. below ambient temperature.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
234 words
A synthetic polymer-liquefied propellant composition capable of forming a cold foamed structure having a temperature at least 30° C. below the ambient temperature at which the cold foamed structure is formed, and containing open and/or closed cells, which may contain an additive which is deposited in the pores and/or walls of the foamed structure as the foamed structure is formed, comprising, as the essential ingredients: (a) a film-forming synthetic polymer in an amount within the range from about 2% to about 30% by weight of the composition; (b) at least one liquefied propellant boiling below -10° C.; (c) the total propellant being in an amount within the range from about 50% to about 90% by weight of the composition; and having a heat vaporization of at least 55 calories per gram; the propellant being capable of dissolving the synthetic polymer at least in the presence of a co-solvent that is soluble in the propellant and in solutions of the synthetic polymer in the propellant at ambient temperature; and (d) at least one nonsolvent that is soluble in the propellant but in which the synthetic polymer is insoluble in an amount within the range from about 1% to about 85% by weight of the composition; the composition forming on volatilization of propellant at ambient temperature a coherent foamed structure containing open and/or closed cells, and having a temperature at least 30° C. below ambient temperature.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 1 in which the propellant is the nonsolvent liquid and including a co-solvent in an amount sufficient to dissolve the synthetic polymer in the co-solvent propellant.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 2 in which the propellant is a hydrocarbon propellant.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 1 in which there are two propellants, the nonsolvent liquid being the second propellant in which the synthetic polymer is less soluble than in the first propellant.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 4 in which the two propellants are a hydrocarbon propellant and dimethyl ether.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 4 in which the two propellants are a hydrocarbon propellant and 1,1-difluoroethane.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
46 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 1 in which the nonsolvent in which the synthetic polymer is insoluble is present in sufficient amount to form at least two liquid phases, each phase containing synthetic polymer and propellant, and at least one phase containing nonsolvent liquid.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 7 in which the synthetic polymer is selected from the group consisting of cellulose derivatives and polymethacrylates.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 7 in which the nonsolvent liquid is selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, vegetable oil, and silicone oil.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
84 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 1 in which the propellant comprises at least one polar propellant that is water-soluble in an amount of at least 0.2% by weight at 21° C., and the nonsolvent is selected from the group consisting of: (i) a nonpolar liquefied propellant with a lower vapor pressure than the polar liquefied propellant; (ii) a liquid or solid nonsolvent that is not a solvent for the polymer but is soluble in the propellant; (iii) water; and (iv) aqueous solutions.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 10 in which the polymer is a cellulose derivative.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 10 in which the polymer is polymethacrylate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 10 in which the polar propellant is dimethyl ether.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 10 in which the polar propellant is 1,1-difluoroethane.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
28 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 10 in which the nonpolar liquefied propellant with a lower vapor pressure than the polar liquefied propellant is a hydrocarbon propellant.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 10 in which the nonsolvent is selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, vegetable oil and silicone oil.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 10 in which the nonsolvent is water or an aqueous solution.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
32 words
A synthetic polymer-propellant composition according to claim 1 in which the synthetic polymer is a cellulose derivative and the composition contains both nonsolvent for the polymer and water or an aqueous solution.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-12-26 | 1987-06-27 | 1987-12-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-12-26 | 1991-06-27 | 1991-12-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-12-26 | 1995-06-27 | 1995-12-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |