US4421782A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for providing improved radiation-curable surface coverings and products produced thereby
Assignee: Armstrong World Industries Inc
•
Filing: 1982-06-17
•
Granted: 1983-12-20
•
Expires: 2002-06-17
Abstract
Abstract The present invention relates to improved flooring materials and to a process for making said materials whereby a first layer on a support which is curable by actinic radiation is coated with a layer of a solution comprising water, acrylic acid, a suitable surfactant and, if desired, organic solvents. Upon irradiating the two layers, a tough, durable surface is formed having characteristics superior to those presently known in the art.
Inventors
- 👤 Nicholas C. Bolgiano
- 👤 William T. Sigman
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 12:01
CPC Classifications
D; D06; D06N; D06N7/00; D06N7/0005; C; C08; C08F; C08F2/00; C08F2/46; C08F2/48; C09; C09D; C09D4/00; D06M; D06M14/00; D06M14/18; D06N3/00; D06N3/04; D06N3/042
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 82
Claim 1
Independent Claim
95 words
A process for preparing a composite layer material comprising the steps of: depositing a first layer of a composition which is curable by exposure to actinic radiation on a support, preparing a solution comprising water, from about 0.1 to about 75% by weight of acrylic acid and from about 0.01 to about 5% by weight of a suitable surfactant which is compatible with said acrylic acid and which enables said solution to wet said first layer, depositing a layer of said solution on said first layer, and exposing the pair of layers to actinic radiation.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
95 words
A process for preparing a composite layer material comprising the steps of: depositing a first layer of a composition which is curable by exposure to actinic radiation on a support, preparing a solution comprising water, from about 0.1 to about 75% by weight of acrylic acid and from about 0.01 to about 5% by weight of a suitable surfactant which is compatible with said acrylic acid and which enables said solution to wet said first layer, depositing a layer of said solution on said first layer, and exposing the pair of layers to actinic radiation.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process as set forth in claim 1 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 1 to about 50% by weight of acrylic acid and from about 0.01 to about 2% by weight of surfactant.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process as set forth in claim 1 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 1 to about 15% by weight of acrylic acid and from about 0.1 to about 1% by weight of surfactant.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process as set forth in claims 1, 2 or 3 hereof wherein said solution comprises a water miscible organic solvent which is suitable to act as a leveling agent and wettability enhancer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process as set forth in claims 1, 2, or 3 hereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyurethane.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process as set forth in claims 1, 2, or 3 thereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyester.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process as set forth in claims 1, 2, or 3 hereof wherein said first layer comprises an acrylated polyester.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process as set forth in claims 1, 2, or 3 hereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyether.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process as set forth in claims 1, 2, or 3 hereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyester urethane acrylic.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process as set forth in claims 1, 2, or 3 hereof wherein said first layer comprises an ene-thiol system.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process as set forth in claims 1, 2, or 3 hereof wherein said surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process as set forth in claim 11 hereof wherein said surfactant is an alkylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process as set forth in claim 12 hereof wherein said surfactant is a nonylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as set forth in claim 11 hereof wherein said surfactant is a silicone surfactant.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as set forth in claim 14 hereof wherein said surfactant is polyethylene glycol siloxane.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process as set forth in claims 1, 2 or 3 hereof wherein said solution comprises a comonomer.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process as set forth in claims 1, 2 or 3 hereof wherein said solution comprises at least one multifunctional acrylate ester.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process as set forth in claim 17 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 0.5 to about 25% by weight of said ester.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process as set forth in claim 17 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 1 to about 5% by weight of said ester.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process as set forth in claim 17 hereof wherein said ester is selected from the group consisting of tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, glycerol diacrylate, pentaerythritol diacrylate and pentaerythritol triacrylate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process as set forth in claim 20 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 0.5 to about 25% by weight of said ester.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process as set forth in claim 20 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 1 to about 5% by weight of said ester.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as set forth in claim 4 hereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyurethane.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as set forth in claim 4 thereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyester.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process as set forth in claim 4 hereof wherein said first layer comprises an acrylated polyester.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as set forth in claim 4 hereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyether.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process as set forth in claim 4 hereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyester urethane acrylic.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process as set forth in claim 4 hereof wherein said first layer comprises an ene-thiol system.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as set forth in claim 4 hereof wherein said surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process as set forth in claim 29 hereof wherein said surfactant is an alkylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process as set forth in claim 30 hereof wherein said surfactant is a nonylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as set forth in claim 29 hereof wherein said surfactant is a silicone surfactant.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as set forth in claim 32 hereof wherein said surfactant is polyethylene glycol siloxane.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process as set forth in claim 4 hereof wherein said solution comprises a comonomer.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process as set forth in claim 4 hereof wherein said solution comprises at least one multifunctional acrylate ester.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process as set forth in claim 35 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 0.5 to about 25% by weight of said ester.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process as set forth in claim 35 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 1 to about 5% by weight of said ester.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process as set forth in claim 35 hereof wherein said ester is selected from the group consisting of tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, glycerol diacrylate, pentaerythritol diacrylate and pentaerythritol triacrylate.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process as set forth in claim 38 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 0.5 to about 25% by weight of said ester.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process as set forth in claim 38 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 1 to about 5% by weight of said ester.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
90 words
A composite layer material having improved durability, abrasion resistance, and stain resistance, said material being obtained by irradiating with actinic radiation a first uncured layer which is curable by exposure to said radiation, said layer being coated prior to irradiation with a layer of an aqueous solution comprising from about 0.1 to about 75% by weight of acrylic acid and from about 0.01 to about 5% by weight of a suitable surfactant which is compatible with said acrylic acid and which enables said solution to wet said first uncured layer.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
90 words
A composite layer material having improved durability, abrasion resistance, and stain resistance, said material being obtained by irradiating with actinic radiation a first uncured layer which is curable by exposure to said radiation, said layer being coated prior to irradiation with a layer of an aqueous solution comprising from about 0.1 to about 75% by weight of acrylic acid and from about 0.01 to about 5% by weight of a suitable surfactant which is compatible with said acrylic acid and which enables said solution to wet said first uncured layer.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
35 words
The invention as set forth in claim 41 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 1 to about 50% by weight of acrylic acid and from about 0.01 to about 2% by weight of surfactant.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
35 words
The invention as set forth in claim 41 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 1 to about 15% by weight of acrylic acid and from about 0.1 to about 1% by weight of surfactant.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process as set forth in claims 41, 42 or 43 hereof wherein said solution comprises a water miscible organic solvent which is suitable to act as a leveling agent and wettability enhancer.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
19 words
The invention as set forth in claims 41, 42 or 43 hereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyurethane.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
19 words
The invention as set forth in claims 41, 42 or 43 hereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyester.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
20 words
The invention as set forth in claims 41, 42 or 43 hereof wherein said first layer comprises an acrylated polyester.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
19 words
The invention as set forth in claims 41, 42 or 43 hereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyether.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
21 words
The invention as set forth in claims 41, 42 or 43 hereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyester urethane acrylic.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
20 words
The invention as set forth in claims 41, 42 or 43 hereof wherein said first layer comprises an ene-thiol system.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
19 words
The invention as set forth in claims 41, 42 or 43 hereof wherein said surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as set forth in claim 51 hereof wherein said surfactant is an alkylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as set forth in claim 52 hereof wherein said surfactant is a nonylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as set forth in claim 51 hereof wherein said surfactant is a silicone surfactant.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as set forth in claim 54 hereof wherein said surfactant is polyethylene glycol siloxane.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
18 words
The invention as set forth in claims 41, 42 or 43 hereof wherein said solution comprises a comonomer.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
22 words
The invention as set forth in claims 41, 42 or 43 hereof wherein said solution comprises at least one multifunctional acrylate ester.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
24 words
The invention as set forth in claim 57 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 0.5 to about 25% by weight of said ester.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
24 words
The invention as set forth in claim 57 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 1 to about 5% by weight of said ester.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
38 words
The invention as set forth in claim 57 hereof wherein said ester is selected from the group consisting of tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, glycerol diacrylate, pentaerythritol diacrylate and pentaerythritol triacrylate.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
24 words
The invention as set forth in claim 60 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 0.5 to about 25% by weight of said ester.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
24 words
The invention as set forth in claim 60 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 1 to about 5% by weight of said ester.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as set forth in claim 44 hereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyurethane.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as set forth in claim 44 hereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyester.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as set forth in claim 44 hereof wherein said first layer comprises an acrylated polyester.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as set forth in claim 44 hereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyether.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
18 words
The invention as set forth in claim 44 hereof wherein said first layer comprises a polyester urethane acrylic.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as set forth in claim 44 hereof wherein said first layer comprises an ene-thiol system.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as set forth in claim 44 hereof wherein said surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as set forth in claim 69 hereof wherein said surfactant is an alkylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as set forth in claim 70 hereof wherein said surfactant is a nonylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as set forth in claim 69 hereof wherein said surfactant is a silicone surfactant.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as set forth in claim 72 hereof wherein said surfactant is polyethylene glycol siloxane.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
15 words
The invention as set forth in claim 44 hereof wherein said solution comprises a comonomer.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
19 words
The invention as set forth in claim 44 hereof wherein said solution comprises at least one multifunctional acrylate ester.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
24 words
The invention as set forth in claim 75 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 0.5 to about 25% by weight of said ester.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
24 words
The invention as set forth in claim 75 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 1 to about 5% by weight of said ester.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
38 words
The invention as set forth in claim 75 hereof wherein said ester is selected from the group consisting of tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, glycerol diacrylate, pentaerythritol diacrylate and pentaerythritol triacrylate.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
24 words
The invention as set forth in claim 78 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 0.5 to about 25% by weight of said ester.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
24 words
The invention as set forth in claim 78 hereof wherein said solution comprises from about 1 to about 5% by weight of said ester.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3455643A
Cited
US3709738A
Cited
US3935364A
Cited
US3959521A
Cited
US3924023A
Cited
US4016306A
Cited
US4075366A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-12-19 | 1987-06-20 | 1987-12-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-12-19 | 1991-06-20 | 1991-12-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-12-19 | 1995-06-20 | 1995-12-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |