Silicone emulsifier composition, invert emulsions therefrom and method therefor

Claim 1

An emulsifier composition consisting essentially of (a) from 30 to 90 percent by weight of a polydiorganosiloxane having the formula Z.sub.3 SiO{(CH.sub.3).sub.2 SiO}.sub.x {(CH.sub.3)(R)SiO}.sub.y {(CH.sub.3)(Q)SiO}.sub.z SiZ.sub.3 wherein Q denotes a polyoxyalkylene radical having the formula --R'O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.p (CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.3 O).sub.q R", R denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, inclusive, R' denotes a divalent organic radical bonded to a silicon atom by a silicon-carbon bond, R" denotes a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloaliphatic, aryl, arylalkyl and acyl radicals, Z denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, inclusive, or a Q radical, or an R radical, x has an average value of from 0 to 400, y has an average value of from 0 to 400, z has an average value of from 0 to 5, x+y+z has an average value of from 30 to 400, p has an average value equal to or greater than the average value of q and p+q has an average value sufficient to provide a formula weight of from 600 to 3500 for the --(CH 2 CH 2 O) p (CH 2 CHCH 3 O) q -- portion of the Q radical, there being an average of at least one Q radical and an average of at least one R radical per molecule of the polydiorganosiloxane, and (b) from 10 to 70 percent by weight of a solid, benzene-soluble organopolysiloxane resin copolymer consisting essentially of (CH 3 ) 3 SiO 1/2 siloxane units and SiO 4/2 siloxane units, there being from 0.6 to 0.9, inclusive, of said (CH 3 ) 3 SiO 1/2 siloxane units for every SiO 4/2 siloxane unit.

Claim 19

A method comprising (I) mixing to form a solution, (i) 1.0 to 10 parts by weight of an emulsifier composition consisting essentially of (a) from 30 to 90 percent by weight of a polydiorganosiloxane having the formula Z.sub.3 SiO{(CH.sub.3).sub.2 SiO}.sub.x {(CH.sub.3 (R)SiO}.sub.y {(CH.sub.3)(Q)SiO}.sub.z SiZ.sub.3 wherein Q denotes a polyoxyalkylene radical having the formula --R'O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.p (CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.3 O).sub.q R", R denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, inclusive, R' denotes a divalent organic radical bonded to a silicon atom by a silicon-carbon bond, R" denotes a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloaliphatic, aryl, arylalkyl and acyl radicals, Z denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, inclusive, or a Q radical, or an R radical, x has an average value of from 0 to 400, y has an average value of from 0 to 400, z has an average value of from 0 to 5, x+y+z has an average value of from 30 to 400, p has an average value equal to or greater than the average value of q and p+q has an average value sufficient to provide a formula weight of from 600 to 3500 for the --(CH 2 CH 2 O) p (CH 2 CHCH 3 O) q -- portion of the Q radical, there being an average of at least one Q radical and an average of at least one R radical per molecule of the polydiorganosiloxane, and (b) from 10 to 70 percent by weight of a solid, benzene-soluble organopolysiloxane resin copolymer consisting essentially of (CH 3 ) 3 SiO 1/2 siloxane units and SiO 4/2 siloxane units, there being from 0.6 to 0.9, inclusive, of said (CH 3 ) 3 SiO 1/2 siloxane units for every SiO 4/2 siloxane unit, and (ii) aV parts by volume of a liquid hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of paraffins having a flash point of at least 100° F., kerosene, diesel oil, crude oil, turbine fuel, mineral oil, and gas oil, (II) mixing the solution of step (I) with bV parts by volume of a liquid hydrocarbon selected from the group stated in (ii), (III) mixing V' parts by volume of a brine with the solution of step (II) with sufficient shear energy to provide an emulsion having a brine particle size of less than 10 micrometers in diameter, and (IV) mixing the emulsion of step (III) with cV parts by volume of a liquid hydrocarbons selected from the group stated in (ii), wherein V has a value of from 25 to 60 parts by volume, V' has a value of from 40 to 75 parts by volume, V+V' total 100 parts by weight and 100 parts by volume, a has a value of from greater than zero to 1, b has a value of from zero to less than 1, c has a value of from zero to less than 1, and a+b+c has a value of 1.

Claim 20

A method comprising (I) mixing to form a solution, (i) 1.0 to 10 parts by weight of an emulsifier composition consisting essentially of (a) from 30 to 90 percent by weight of a polydiorganosiloxane having the formula Z.sub.3 SiO{(CH.sub.3).sub.2 SiO}.sub.x {(CH.sub.3 (R)SiO}.sub.y {(CH.sub.3)(Q)SiO}.sub.z SiZ.sub.3 wherein Q denotes a polyoxyalkylene radical having the formula --R'O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.p (CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.3 O).sub.q R", R denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, inclusive, R' denotes a divalent organic radical bonded to a silicon atom by a silicon-carbon bond, R" denotes a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloaliphatic, aryl, arylalkyl and acyl radicals, Z denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, inclusive, or a Q radical, or an R radical, x has an average value of from 0 to 400, y has an average value of from 0 to 400, z has an average value of from 0 to 5, x+y+z has an average value of from 30 to 400, p has an average value equal to or greater than the average value of q and p+q has an average value sufficient to provide a formula weight of from 600 to 3500 for the --(CH 2 CH 2 O) p (CH 2 CHCH 3 O) q -- portion of the Q radical, there being an average of at least one Q radical and an average of at least one R radical per molecule of the polydiorganosiloxane, and (b) from 10 to 70 percent by weight of a solid, benzene-soluble organopolysiloxane resin copolymer consisting essentially of (CH 3 ) 3 SiO 1/2 siloxane units and SiO 4/2 siloxane units, there being from 0.6 to 0.9, inclusive, of said (CH 3 ) 3 SiO 1/2 siloxane units for every SiO 4/2 siloxane unit, and (ii) aV parts by volume of a liquid hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of paraffins having a flash point of at least 100° F., kerosene, diesel oil, crude oil, turbine fuel, mineral oil, and gas oil, (II) mixing the solution of step (I) with bV parts by volume of a liquid hydrocarbon selected from the group stated in (ii), (III) mixing V' parts by volume of a brine with the solution of step (II) with sufficient shear energy to provide an emulsion having a brine particle size of less than 10 micrometers in diameter, and (IV) mixing the emulsion of step (III) with cV parts by volume of a liquid hydrocarbons selected from the group stated in (ii), wherein V has a value of from 25 to 60 parts by volume, V' has a value of from 40 to 75 parts by volume, V+V' total 100 parts by weight and 100 parts by volume, a has a value of from greater than zero to 1, b has a value of from zero to less than 1, c has a value of from zero to less than 1, and a+b+c has a value of 1.

Claim 22

A method according to claims 17 or 18 wherein a has a value of less than 1.