Catalytic dewaxing with a hydrogen form zeolite L catalyst

Claim 2

A process for catalytically dewaxing an asphalt free, wax-containing hydrocarbon oil which comprises contacting said oil at elevated temperature and pressure and in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst comprising a Zeolite L crystalline alumino-silicate that has been partially decationized to the hydrogen form and which contains at least one catalytic metal component selected from the group consisting of Group VI and Group VIII metals, their oxides, sulfides and mixtures thereof, to hydrocrack the wax components of said oil in preference over the oil components of said oil to hydrocarbons boiling below the initial boiling point of the oil and recovering an oil having a reduced wax content and reduced pour point.

Claim 3

The process of claim 1 wherein at least about 10% of the exchangeable cations in said Zeolite L have been replaced with hydrogen.

Claim 4

The process of claim 2 wherein said catalytic metal component is a platinum group metal and is present in said catalyst in an amount ranging from about 0.05 to 10 wt. % of said catalyst.

Claim 5

The process of claim 3 wherein said catalytic metal component is platinum or palladium.

Claim 6

The process of claim 4 wherein the external surface of said catalyst has been poisoned with an organic phosphorous compound.

Claim 7

The process of claim 4 wherein said oil contains aromatic components and wherein said process simultaneously reduces the aromatics content of said oil.

Claim 8

A process for catalytically dewaxing an asphalt free, wax-containing synthetic or petroleum oil fraction by hydrocracking the wax components of said oil in preference over the oil components of said oil to hydrocarbons boiling below the initial boiling point of said fraction which comprises contacting said fraction at elevated temperature and pressure and in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst comprising a Zeolite L that has been partially decationized to the hydrogen form and which contains at least one catalytic metal component selected from the group consisting of Group VI and Group VIII metals, their oxides, sulfides and mixture thereof, and recovering an oil product having a reduced wax content and a reduced pour point.

Claim 9

A process for catalytically dewaxing an asphalt free, wax-containing synthetic or petroleum oil fraction by hydrocracking the wax components of said oil in preference over the oil components of said oil to hydrocarbons boiling below the initial boiling point of said fraction which comprises contacting said fraction at elevated temperature and pressure and in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst comprising a Zeolite L that has been partially decationized to the hydrogen form and which contains at least one catalytic metal component selected from the group consisting of Group VI and Group VIII metals, their oxides, sulfides and mixture thereof, and recovering an oil product having a reduced wax content and a reduced pour point.

Claim 10

The process of claim 7 wherein said catalytic metal is an iron group metal present in said catalyst in an amount ranging from about 0.1 to 50 wt. % of the catalyst or a platinum group metal present in an amount ranging from about 0.05 to 10 wt. % of the catalyst.

Claim 11

The process of claim 8 wherein at least about 10% of the exchangeable cations in said Zeolite L have been replaced with hydrogen.

Claim 12

The process of claim 9 wherein said elevated temperature and pressure range from about 450° to 950° F. and from about 100 to 5000 psig.

Claim 13

The process of claim 10 wherein said petroleum oil fraction is selected from the group consisting of (a) middle distillate fractions boiling within the range of 300° to 650° F. and (b) lubricating and specialty oil fractions having an initial boiling point above about 500° F.

Claim 14

The process of claim 11 wherein from about 15 to 75% of the exchangeable metal cations in the Zeolite L have been replaced with hydrogen.

Claim 15

The process of claim 12 wherein said oil contains aromatic components and wherein said process simultaneously reduces the aromatics content of said oil.

Claim 16

The process of claim 13 wherein said catalytic metal component comprises a platinum group metal and is present in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 10 wt. % of said catalyst.

Claim 17

The process of claim 14 wherein the external catalytic surface of said catalyst has been poisoned.

Claim 18

The process of claim 15 wherein said catalytic metal comprises platinum.

Claim 19

The process of claim 16 wherein said catalytic metal comprises palladium.

Claim 20

A process for simultaneously dewaxing and reducing the aromatics content of an asphalt free aromatics and wax-containing petroleum oil fraction selected from the group consisting of (a) middle distillate fractions boiling within the range of 300° to 650° F. and (b) lubricating and specialty oil fractions having an initial boiling point above about 500° F. which comprises contacting said fraction at a temperature ranging from about 450° to 950° F., in the presence of added hydrogen at a pressure of from about 100 to 5000 psig with a catalyst comprising a Zeolite L that has been partially decationized to the hydrogen form and which contains at least one catalytic metal component selected from the group consisting of Group VI and Group VIII metals, their oxides, sulfides and mixtures thereof to hydrogenate the aromatics and to hydrocrack the wax component of said oil in preference over the oil components of said oil to hydrocarbons boiling below the initial boiling point of said fraction and recovering a product having a reduced wax and aromatics content and a reduced pour point.

Claim 21

A process for simultaneously dewaxing and reducing the aromatics content of an asphalt free aromatics and wax-containing petroleum oil fraction selected from the group consisting of (a) middle distillate fractions boiling within the range of 300° to 650° F. and (b) lubricating and specialty oil fractions having an initial boiling point above about 500° F. which comprises contacting said fraction at a temperature ranging from about 450° to 950° F., in the presence of added hydrogen at a pressure of from about 100 to 5000 psig with a catalyst comprising a Zeolite L that has been partially decationized to the hydrogen form and which contains at least one catalytic metal component selected from the group consisting of Group VI and Group VIII metals, their oxides, sulfides and mixtures thereof to hydrogenate the aromatics and to hydrocrack the wax component of said oil in preference over the oil components of said oil to hydrocarbons boiling below the initial boiling point of said fraction and recovering a product having a reduced wax and aromatics content and a reduced pour point.

Claim 22

The process of claim 18 wherein at least about 10% of the exchangeable cations in said Zeolite L have been replaced with hydrogen ion.

Claim 23

The process of claim 19 wherein said catalytic metal component comprises a platinum group metal present in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 10 wt. % of the catalyst.

Claim 24

The process of claim 20 wherein said petroleum oil fraction comprises a lube oil raffinate.

Claim 25

The process of claim 21 wherein the external surface of said catalyst has been poisoned with a compound selected from the group consisting of (a) coke and (b) an organic phosophorous compound.

Claim 26

The process of claim 22 wherein from about 15 to 75% of the exchangeable metal cations in the Zeolite L have been replaced with hydrogen.

Claim 27

A process for hydrocracking the wax present in an asphalt free synthetic or petroleum oil feedstock in preference over the oil components of said oil feedstock to hydrocarbons boiling below the boiling range of said feedstock which comprises contacting said feedstock at elevated temperature and pressure and in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst comprising a Zeolite L that has been partially decationized to the hydrogen form and which contains at least one metal catalytic component selected from the group consisting of Group VI and Group VIII metals, their oxides, sulfides and mixtures thereof, and in which at least about 10% of the exchangeable metal cations in said Zeolite L have been replaced with hydrogen ion and recovering a product having a reduced wax content and a reduced pour point.

Claim 28

A process for hydrocracking the wax present in an asphalt free synthetic or petroleum oil feedstock in preference over the oil components of said oil feedstock to hydrocarbons boiling below the boiling range of said feedstock which comprises contacting said feedstock at elevated temperature and pressure and in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst comprising a Zeolite L that has been partially decationized to the hydrogen form and which contains at least one metal catalytic component selected from the group consisting of Group VI and Group VIII metals, their oxides, sulfides and mixtures thereof, and in which at least about 10% of the exchangeable metal cations in said Zeolite L have been replaced with hydrogen ion and recovering a product having a reduced wax content and a reduced pour point.

Claim 29

The process of claim 24 wherein said elevated temperature and pressure range from about 450° to 950° F. and from about 100 to 5,000 psig.

Claim 30

The process of claim 25 wherein said catalytic metal component comprises a platinum group metal present in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 10 wt. % of the catalyst.

Claim 31

The process of claim 26 wherein from about 15 to 75% of the exchangeable metal cations in the Zeolite L have been replaced with hydrogen.

Claim 32

The process of claim 27 wherein the external surface of said catalyst has been poisoned.

Claim 33

The process of claim 28 wherein said external surface of said catalyst has been poisoned with a compound selected from the group consisting of (a) coke and (b) an organic phosphorous compound.

Claim 34

The process of claim 29 wherein said feedstock contains aromatic compounds and wherein said process simultaneously reduces the aromatic content of said feedstock.

Claim 35

The process of claim 30 wherein said feedstock is a petroleum oil feedstock and is selected from the group consisting of (a) middle distillate fractions boiling within the range of 300° to 600° F. and (b) lubricating and specialty oil fractions having an initial boiling point above about 500° F.