US4419325A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Dental alloys for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations
Assignee: Jeneric Industries Inc
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Filing: 1982-07-21
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Granted: 1983-12-06
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Expires: 2002-07-21
Abstract
Abstract A dental alloy for use in porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations including palladium, cobalt, gallium, gold, aluminum, copper and ruthenium or rhenium. The cobalt controls the coefficient of thermal expansion of the alloy to permit the use of the alloy with commercially available porcelains having a variety of thermal coefficients. The ruthenium of rhenium provides grain refining for the alloy to increase its elongation, tensile strength, and thus toughness. The alloy with ruthenium or rhenium as a grain refining agent must be made under vacuum or in an inert atmosphere to avoid the formation of bubbles in the porcelain during the porcelain firing process.
Inventors
- 👤 Arun Prasad
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 18:56
CPC Classifications
C; C22; C22C; C22C5/00; C22C5/04; A; A61; A61K; A61K6/00; A61K6/80; A61K6/84; A61K6/844
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
39 words
A grain-refined palladium based dental alloy for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations consisting by weight of essentially about 35-85% palladium, 0-12% copper, 5-15% gallium, 0-50% gold, 0-5% aluminum, 0-13% cobalt and 0.1-0.5% ruthenium or rhenium, the total of the constituents being 100%.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
39 words
A grain-refined palladium based dental alloy for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations consisting by weight of essentially about 35-85% palladium, 0-12% copper, 5-15% gallium, 0-50% gold, 0-5% aluminum, 0-13% cobalt and 0.1-0.5% ruthenium or rhenium, the total of the constituents being 100%.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The alloy of claim 1 wherein the ruthenium or rhenium concentration is about 0.2%.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The alloy of claim 1 wherein the cobalt concentration is about 2.5%.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The alloy of claim 1 wherein the cobalt concentration is about 10%.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
The alloy of claim 1 wherein the aluminum concentration is about 0.1%.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
30 words
A grain-refined palladium based dental alloy for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations consisting by weight of essentially about 78.7% palladium, 10% copper, 9.0% gallium, 2.0% gold, 0.1% aluminum, and 0.2% ruthenium or rhenium.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
A grain-refined palladium based dental alloy for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations consisting by weight of essentially about 78.7% palladium, 10% copper, 9.0% gallium, 2.0% gold, 0.1% aluminum, and 0.2% ruthenium or rhenium.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
32 words
A grain-refined palladium based dental alloy for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations consisting by weight of essentially about 78.7% palladium, 7.5% copper, 9.0% gallium, 2.0% gold, 0.1% aluminum, 2.5% cobalt and 0.2% ruthenium or rhenium.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
A grain-refined palladium based dental alloy for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations consisting by weight of essentially about 78.7% palladium, 7.5% copper, 9.0% gallium, 2.0% gold, 0.1% aluminum, 2.5% cobalt and 0.2% ruthenium or rhenium.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
28 words
A grain-refined palladium based dental alloy for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations consisting by weight of essentially about 80.7% palladium, 9.0% gallium, 0.1% aluminum, 10% cobalt and 0.2% ruthenium or rhenium.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
28 words
A grain-refined palladium based dental alloy for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations consisting by weight of essentially about 80.7% palladium, 9.0% gallium, 0.1% aluminum, 10% cobalt and 0.2% ruthenium or rhenium.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
The alloy of claims 1, 6, 7 or 8 wherein the components of the alloy are combined under vacuum.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
The alloy of claims 1, 6, 7 or 8 wherein the components of the alloy are combined under an inert atmosphere.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
11 words
The alloy of claim 10 wherein the inert atmosphere includes argon.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
75 words
A grain-refined palladium based dental alloy for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations consisting by weight of essentially about 35-85% palladium, 0-12% copper, 5-15% gallium, 0-50% gold, an effective amount of aluminum up to about 5% for the purpose of protecting the alloy during melting and the porcelain firing process, 0-13% cobalt and 0.1-0.5% ruthenium or rhenium, the total of the constituents being 100%, wherein the components of the alloy are combined under vacuum or in an inert atmosphere.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
75 words
A grain-refined palladium based dental alloy for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations consisting by weight of essentially about 35-85% palladium, 0-12% copper, 5-15% gallium, 0-50% gold, an effective amount of aluminum up to about 5% for the purpose of protecting the alloy during melting and the porcelain firing process, 0-13% cobalt and 0.1-0.5% ruthenium or rhenium, the total of the constituents being 100%, wherein the components of the alloy are combined under vacuum or in an inert atmosphere.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-12-05 | 1987-06-06 | 1987-12-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-12-05 | 1991-06-06 | 1991-12-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-12-05 | 1995-06-06 | 1995-12-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |