US4415417A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Photopolymerization using copper ions
Assignee: ECC SPECIALTY CHEMICALS Inc
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Filing: 1982-07-19
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Granted: 1983-11-15
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Expires: 2002-07-19
Abstract
Abstract Photopolymerization of monomers by visible light using a photoreducible dye, a reducing agent and a controlled level of copper ions allows for high molecular weight polymer formation. The molecular weight is found to be proportional to the copper ion concentration. At 10 to 1,000 ppb copper ion concentration, the molecular weight of the polymer is optimum.
Inventors
- 👤 Lee W. Bush
- 👤 Marie S. Chan
- 👤 Gary P. Craun
- 👤 William J. Erlanson
- 👤 Wood E. Hunter
- 👤 Wallace B. Ramsey
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 08:49
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F2/00; C08F2/46; C08F2/48; C08F2/50
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim
94 words
In the method of polymerization for preparing polymers and copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated monomers which includes the passage of visible light through a reaction mixture containing at least one monomer, a photoreducible dye and a reducing agent at a sufficient intensity and for sufficient time to accomplish polymerization; the improvement comprising: adding copper ions to the solution in the concentration range of 10 to 1,000 parts per billion, thereby obtaining a product weight average molecular weight in the range of from 5 million to 15 million and obtaining a monomer conversion above 47.9 percent.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
94 words
In the method of polymerization for preparing polymers and copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated monomers which includes the passage of visible light through a reaction mixture containing at least one monomer, a photoreducible dye and a reducing agent at a sufficient intensity and for sufficient time to accomplish polymerization; the improvement comprising: adding copper ions to the solution in the concentration range of 10 to 1,000 parts per billion, thereby obtaining a product weight average molecular weight in the range of from 5 million to 15 million and obtaining a monomer conversion above 47.9 percent.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said dye is methylene blue.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
10 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said reductant is triethanolamine.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said dye and reducing agent is riboflavin.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
55 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said monomer is at least one member selected from the group consisting of acrylamide, acrylic acid, methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium sulfate, methacrylamido-3-propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 3-acrylamido-3-methyl butyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 3-acrylamido-3-methyl propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, diallyldimethylammonium chloride and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, or their water-soluble salts.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1, wherein 10 to 200 parts per billion of copper ion is added.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said monomer conversion is at least 92 percent.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-11-14 | 1987-05-16 | 1987-11-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-11-14 | 1991-05-16 | 1991-11-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-11-14 | 1995-05-16 | 1995-11-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |