US4412040A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Low molecular weight copolymer salts as lubricants in plastics
Assignee: Honeywell International Inc
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Filing: 1981-01-02
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Granted: 1983-10-25
•
Expires: 2001-01-02
Abstract
Abstract A polymer lubricant comprising a copolymer salt of a low molecular weight copolymer acid of an alpha-olefin and an alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, a composition containing the lubricant, and a method for processing polymers containing the lubricant.
Inventors
- 👤 Paul J. Albee, Jr.
- 👤 Patricia E. Burdick
- 👤 Joseph I. Wrozina
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 02:51
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F8/00; C08F8/44; C08L; C08L101/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 46
Claim 1
Independent Claim
105 words
A composition comprising: a polymer selected from the group consisting of: polyolefins; styrene based polymers; polyamides; polyesters; polycarbonates; polyvinyl chloride; copolymers of acrylonitrile, butadiene, stryrene; and phenolic resins; and up to 10 parts per hundred of the polymer of a lubricant which comprises a copolymer salt of a copolymer of an alpha-olefin and an alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, the copolymer acid having a number average molecular weight between about 500 and about 5000, the copolymer acid having up to 100% of the carboxylic acid groups neutralized with at least one cation from the group consisting of metallic cations having a valence of 1 to 3.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
105 words
A composition comprising: a polymer selected from the group consisting of: polyolefins; styrene based polymers; polyamides; polyesters; polycarbonates; polyvinyl chloride; copolymers of acrylonitrile, butadiene, stryrene; and phenolic resins; and up to 10 parts per hundred of the polymer of a lubricant which comprises a copolymer salt of a copolymer of an alpha-olefin and an alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, the copolymer acid having a number average molecular weight between about 500 and about 5000, the copolymer acid having up to 100% of the carboxylic acid groups neutralized with at least one cation from the group consisting of metallic cations having a valence of 1 to 3.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition as recited in claim 1 wherein the polymer is selected from a group consisting of polypropylene and polystyrene.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition as recited in claims 1 or 21 wherein the alpha-olefin is ethylene.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composition as recited in claim 2 wherein the cation is of a metal selected from the group consisting of Groups IA, IIA, IIIA and the transition elements of the Periodic Table of Elements.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition as recited in claim 4 wherein the cation is selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, barium, zinc and aluminum.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composition as recited in claim 5 wherein the cations are supplied in the form of cation containing material selected from the group consisting of metal: oxides, hydroxides, oxylates, acetates, bicarbonates, methoxides and nitrates.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
The composition as recited in claim 6 wherein the cation containing materials are selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxides, magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium acetate, zinc acetate and aluminum hydroxide.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition as recited in claims 3, 27 or 30 wherein the alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid has between 3 and 6 carbon atoms.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition as recited in claim 8 wherein the alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid is acrylic acid.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition as recited in claim 9 wherein the copolymer is ethylene and acrylic acid having an acid number between about 40 and about 160.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composition as recited in claim 10 wherein the copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid is from about 15% to about 60% neutralized with the metal cation.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composition as recited in claim 11 wherein the copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid is from about 25% to about 60% neutralized with the metal cation.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition as recited in claim 11 wherein the cation is calcium.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition as recited in claim 13 wherein the cation containing material is calcium hydroxide.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition as recited in claim 9 wherein the viscosity of the copolymer salt is greater than 800 cps.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition as recited in claim 9 wherein the molecular weight of the copolymer acid is from about 1,000 to about 3,500.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
41 words
The composition as recited in claim 8 wherein the polymer is polystyrene and there is from 0.5 to 3.5 parts of the lubricant per 100 parts of polystyrene, the lubricant having a viscosity from about 8,000 cps to about 50,000 cps.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
54 words
The composition as recited in claim 8 wherein the polymer is polystyrene and there is from about 0.5 to 2.0 parts of the lubricant per 100 parts of polystyrene, the lubricant having a viscosity of about 800 cps to about 8,000 cps and a Shore A2 hardness of from about 70 to about 100.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
90 words
A method of processing polymers comprising the steps of: feeding the polymer and a lubricant to a processing means, wherein the lubricant comprises a copolymer salt of a copolymer of an alpha-olefin and an alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, the copolymer acid having a molecular weight between about 500 and about 6,000, the copolymer acid being neutralized from 15 to 100% with at least one cation from the group consisting of metallic cations having a valence of 1 to 3; and processing the polymer and the lubricants in the processing means.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
90 words
A method of processing polymers comprising the steps of: feeding the polymer and a lubricant to a processing means, wherein the lubricant comprises a copolymer salt of a copolymer of an alpha-olefin and an alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, the copolymer acid having a molecular weight between about 500 and about 6,000, the copolymer acid being neutralized from 15 to 100% with at least one cation from the group consisting of metallic cations having a valence of 1 to 3; and processing the polymer and the lubricants in the processing means.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method as recited in claim 19 further comprising the step of preblending the polymer and lubricant prior to feeding to the processing means.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method as recited in claim 19 wherein the polymer and lubricant are processed in a temperature in the range from the melting point of the polymer up to 400° C.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process as recited in claim 19 wherein the alpha-olefin is ethylene.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process as recited in claim 22 wherein the cation is of a metal selected from the group consisting of Groups IA, IIA, IIIA and the transition elements of the Periodic Table of Elements.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process as recited in claim 23 wherein the cation is selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, magnesium calcium, barium, zinc and aluminum.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process as recited in claim 24 wherein the cation containing materials are selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxides, magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium acetate, zinc acetate and aluminum hydroxide.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process as recited in claims 19 or 23 wherein the alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid has between 3 and 6 carbon atoms.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process as recited in claim 26 wherein the alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid is the copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid having an acid number between about 1 and about 180.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process as recited in claim 27 wherein the copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid has an acid number between about 40 and about 160.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process as recited in claim 28 wherein the cation is calcium.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process as recited in claim 29 wherein the cation supplying material is calcium hydroxide.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process as recited in claim 27 wherein the viscosity of the copolymer salt is greater than about 800 cps.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process as recited in claim 27 wherein the polymer to be lubricated is selected from the group consisting of: polyolefins; styrene based polymers; polyamides; polyesters; polyvinyl chloride; copolymers of acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene; polycarbonates and phenolic resins.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process as recited in claim 32 wherein the polymer is selected from a group consisting of polypropylene and polystyrene.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process as recited in claim 27 wherein the molecular weight of the copolymer acid is from about 1,000 to about 6,000.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process as recited in claim 34 wherein the molecular weight of the copolymer acid is from about 1,000 to about 3,500.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process as recited in claim 27 wherein the copolymer acid is from 15% to 60% neutralized with the metal cation.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process as recited in claim 36 wherein the copolymer acid is from 25% to 50% neutralized with the metal cation.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition as recited in claim 24 wherein there is from 0.5 to 10 parts per hundred of polymer of the lubricant.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition as recited in claim 38 wherein the viscosity of the copolymer salt is from 800 cps to 50,000 cps.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition as recited in claim 24 wherein the copolymer acid has from 15 to 100 percent of the carboxylic acid groups neutralized.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition as recited in claim 66 wherein the copolymer acid has from 15 to 60 percent of the carboxylic acid groups neutralized.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition as recited in claim 24 having a fusion time of less than 45 seconds.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
100 words
A composition comprising: a polymer selected from the group consisting of: polyolefins; styrene based polymers; polyamides; polyesters; polycarbonates; polyvinyl chloride; copolymers of acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene; and phenolic resins; and up to 10 parts per hundred of the polymer of a lubricant which comprises a copolymer salt of a copolymer of an alpha-olefin and an alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, the copolymer acid having a molecular weight between about 500 and about 6,000, the copolymer acid being neutralized having from 15 to 100% with at least one cation from the group consisting of metallic cations having a valence of 1 to 3.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
100 words
A composition comprising: a polymer selected from the group consisting of: polyolefins; styrene based polymers; polyamides; polyesters; polycarbonates; polyvinyl chloride; copolymers of acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene; and phenolic resins; and up to 10 parts per hundred of the polymer of a lubricant which comprises a copolymer salt of a copolymer of an alpha-olefin and an alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, the copolymer acid having a molecular weight between about 500 and about 6,000, the copolymer acid being neutralized having from 15 to 100% with at least one cation from the group consisting of metallic cations having a valence of 1 to 3.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-10-24 | 1987-04-25 | 1987-10-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-10-24 | 1991-04-25 | 1991-10-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-10-24 | 1995-04-25 | 1995-10-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |