US4405574A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Removal of Mg++ and Ca++ ions from NaCl brine
Assignee: Dow Chemical Co
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Filing: 1981-10-02
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Granted: 1983-09-20
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Expires: 2001-10-02
Abstract
Abstract Alkaline earth metal ions, e.g., Mg ++ and/or Ca ++ , are removed from alkali metal brines, e.g., NaCl, by use of a particulate, macroporous, anion exchange resin containing the in-situ reaction product of polymeric, amorphous, hydrous zirconium oxide and a source of PO 4 ions, e.g., H 3 PO 4 .
Inventors
- 👤 John M. Lee
- 👤 William C. Bauman
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 19:09
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J41/00; B01J41/08; B01J41/10; B01J47/00; B01J47/018; C; C01; C01D; C01D3/00; C01D3/14; C01D3/145
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
26 words
Particulate macroporous anion exchange resin composites having post-deposited therein the in-situ reaction product of polymeric amorphous hydrous zirconium oxide and a source of PO 4 ions.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
26 words
Particulate macroporous anion exchange resin composites having post-deposited therein the in-situ reaction product of polymeric amorphous hydrous zirconium oxide and a source of PO 4 ions.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the source of PO 4 ions comprises H 3 PO 4 .
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the macroporous anion exchange resin comprises a particulate water-insoluble polymer having functional amine groups attached thereto.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the resin comprises a macroporous, particulate polymer of styrene crosslinked with divinylbenzene and having tertiary amine groups attached thereto.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
63 words
A method for preparing macroporous anion exchange resin particles having zirconyl phosphate contained therein, said method comprising imbibing an aqueous solution of a soluble zirconium salt into said particles, alkalizing the zirconium salt to polymeric hydrous zirconium oxide by reaction with an aqueous alkalizer, and converting the so-formed hydrous zirconium oxide to zirconyl phosphate by reaction with a source of PO 4 ions.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
63 words
A method for preparing macroporous anion exchange resin particles having zirconyl phosphate contained therein, said method comprising imbibing an aqueous solution of a soluble zirconium salt into said particles, alkalizing the zirconium salt to polymeric hydrous zirconium oxide by reaction with an aqueous alkalizer, and converting the so-formed hydrous zirconium oxide to zirconyl phosphate by reaction with a source of PO 4 ions.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the aqueous alkalizer comprises ammonia.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the source of PO 4 ions comprises H 3 PO 4 .
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the anion exchange resin comprises a particulate, water-insoluble polymer having functional amine groups attached thereto.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the anion exchange resin comprises a macroporous, particulate polymer of styrene crosslinked with divinylbenzene and having tertiary amine groups attached thereto.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
48 words
A method for substantially removing alkaline earth metal ions from alkali metal salt brine, said method comprising contacting said brine with a particulate, macroporous, anion exchange resin composite containing port-deposited therein the in-situ reaction product of polymeric amorphous hydrous zirconium oxide and a source of PO 4 ions.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
48 words
A method for substantially removing alkaline earth metal ions from alkali metal salt brine, said method comprising contacting said brine with a particulate, macroporous, anion exchange resin composite containing port-deposited therein the in-situ reaction product of polymeric amorphous hydrous zirconium oxide and a source of PO 4 ions.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the alkaline earth metal ions comprise Mg ++ and/or Ca ++ .
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the alkali metal salt brine comprises aqueous NaCl.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the resin of the composite comprises an anion exchange resin of styrene crosslinked with divinylbenzene and having amine groups attached thereto.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the source of PO 4 ions comprises H 3 PO 4 .
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the resin of the composite comprises a particulate, macroporous polymer of styrene crosslinked with divinylbenzene and having tertiary amine groups attached thereto.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the pH of the brine is in the range of about 5 to about 8.5.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 10, using a brine having a temperature in the range of about 20° C. to about 100° C.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 10, using a brine having a temperature in the range of about 50° C. to about 60° C.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
49 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the contacting of the brine with the resin composite is performed in a column containing 1 bed volume of the resin and where the brine is flowed through the bed at the rate of about 0.001 to about 0.2 bed volumes per minute.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 19 wherein the flow rate of the brine through the bed is about 0.01 to about 0.08 bed volumes per minute.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3346422A
Cited
US3352800A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-09-19 | 1987-03-21 | 1987-09-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-09-19 | 1991-03-21 | 1991-09-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-09-19 | 1995-03-21 | 1995-09-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |