US4401490A
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Melt explosive composition
Assignee: Orica Ltd
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Filing: 1982-12-06
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Granted: 1983-08-30
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Expires: 2002-12-06
Abstract
Abstract This invention concerns a melt explosive composition which comprises at least one oxygen-releasing salt, for example ammonium nitrate, at least one melt soluble fuel material, for example urea, and at least one naphthalenesulfonate derivative selected from the condensates of formaldehyde and naphthalenesulfonic acids and the alkali and alkaline earth metal salts thereof, for example disodium methylene-bis(naphthalene-β-sulfonic acid). The explosive compositions show a considerable improvement in detonation sensitivity in small diameter boreholes.
Inventors
- 👤 Roger D. Alexander
- 👤 Andrew J. Bates
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 20:42
CPC Classifications
C; C06; C06B; C06B47/00; C06B47/14; C06B31/00; C06B31/28; C06B31/285
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 35
Claim 1
Independent Claim
53 words
A melt explosive composition comprising at least one oxygen-releasing salt, at least one melt soluble fuel material and at least one naphthalenesulfonate derivative selected from the condensates of formaldehyde and naphthalenesulfonic acids, condensates of formaldehyde and C 1 to C 10 -(alkyl)naphthalenesulfonic acids, and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
53 words
A melt explosive composition comprising at least one oxygen-releasing salt, at least one melt soluble fuel material and at least one naphthalenesulfonate derivative selected from the condensates of formaldehyde and naphthalenesulfonic acids, condensates of formaldehyde and C 1 to C 10 -(alkyl)naphthalenesulfonic acids, and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
64 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 1 wherein said naphthalenesulfonate derivative is selected from the condensates of formaldehyde and naphthalenesulfonic acids and the condensates of formaldehyde and C 1 to C 10 -(alkyl)naphthalenesulfonic acids in which two naphthalenesulfonate or C 1 to C 10 -(alkyl)naphthalenesulfonate moieties are joined together by a methylene group, and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal derivatives thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 2 wherein said naphthalenesulfonate derivative is selected from the alkali metal salts of condensates of formaldehyde and naphthalenesulfonic acids.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 3 wherein said naphthalenesulfonic derivative comprises an alkali metal salt of methylenebis(naphthalene-β-sulfonate).
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
36 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 1 wherein said oxygen releasing salt is selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal and the ammonium, nitrates, chlorates, perchlorates and mixtures thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 5 wherein said oxygen releasing salt is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate and mixtures thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 6 wherein said oxygen releasing salt comprises a mixture of ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 1 wherein said melt soluble fuel material is selected from the group consisting of carboxylates, thiocyanates, amines, imides, amides and mixtures thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
35 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 8 wherein said melt soluble fuel material is selected from the group consisting of urea, ammonium acetate, ammonium formate, ammonium thiocyanate, hexamethylenetetramine, dicyandiamide, thiourea, acetamide and mixtures thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 9 wherein said melt soluble fuel material comprises urea.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
77 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 1 comprising an eutectic which melts at a temperature in the range from -10° C. to +90° C. and which comprises at least one oxygen-releasing salt, at least one melt soluble fuel material and at least one formaldehyde-naphthalenesulfonate derivative selected from the condensates of formaldehyde and naphthalenesulfonic acids, the condensates of formaldehyde and C 1 to C 10 -(alkyl)naphthalenesulfonic acids, and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
96 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 1 comprising: as a first component an eutectic which melts at a temperature in the range from -10° C. to +90° C. and which comprises at least one oxygen-releasing salt, at least one melt soluble fuel material and at least one formaldehyde-naphthalenesulfonate derivative selected from the condensates of formaldehyde and naphthalenesulfonic acids, the condensates of formaldehyde and C 1 to C 10 -(alkyl)naphthalenesulfonic acids, and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof; and a second component which comprises a further amount of at least one oxygen-releasing salt.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 1 wherein said oxygen-releasing salt component comprises from 50 to 90% by weight of said composition.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 1 wherein said melt soluble fuel material comprises from 7 to 30% by weight of said composition.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
22 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 1 wherein said naphthalenesulfonate derivative comprises from 0.01 to 5.0% by weight of said composition.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
A melt explosive composition accordng to claim 13 wherein said oxygen releasing salt component comprises from 70 to 85% by weight of said composition.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
24 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 14 wherein said melt soluble fuel material comprises from 10 to 25% by weight of said composition.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 15 wherein said naphthalenesulfonate derivative comprises form 0.1 to 2.0% by weight of said composition.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
21 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 12 wherein said first composition comprises at least 50% by weight of said composition.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 19 wherein said first component comprises at least 60% by weight of said composition.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
33 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 1 which further comprises up to 10% by weight of a secondary fuel material selected from the group consisting of carbonaceous materials and finely divided elements.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
15 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 21 wherein said secondary fuel is aluminium powder.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
16 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 1 which further comprises at least one thickening agent.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
14 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 23 wherein said thickening agent is crosslinked.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
15 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 1 which further comprises a discontinuous gaseous phase.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
16 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 25 wherein said discontinuous gaseous phase comprises gas bubbles.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
20 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 26 which further comprises a foam stabilizing surfactant to stabilize said gas bubbles.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
95 words
A melt explosive composition comprising an eutectic which melts at a temperature in the range from -10° C. to +90° C. and which comprises at least one oxygen-releasing salt, at least one melt soluble fuel material, at least one formaldehyde-naphthalenesulfonate derivative selected from the condensates of formaldehyde and naphthalenesulfonic acids, the condensates of formaldehyde and C 1 to C 10 -(alkyl)naphthalenesulfonic acids, and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof, a discontinuous gaseous phase comprising gas bubbles, a foam stabilizing surfactant to stabilize said gas bubbles, a thickening agent, and a crosslinking agent.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
95 words
A melt explosive composition comprising an eutectic which melts at a temperature in the range from -10° C. to +90° C. and which comprises at least one oxygen-releasing salt, at least one melt soluble fuel material, at least one formaldehyde-naphthalenesulfonate derivative selected from the condensates of formaldehyde and naphthalenesulfonic acids, the condensates of formaldehyde and C 1 to C 10 -(alkyl)naphthalenesulfonic acids, and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof, a discontinuous gaseous phase comprising gas bubbles, a foam stabilizing surfactant to stabilize said gas bubbles, a thickening agent, and a crosslinking agent.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
115 words
A melt explosive composition comprising: as a first component an eutectic which melts at a temperature in the range from -10° C. to +90° C. and which comprises at least one oxygen-releasing salt, at least one melt soluble fuel material, at least one formaldehyde-naphthalenesulfonate derivative selected from the condensates of formaldehyde and naphthalenesulfonic acids, the condensates of formaldehyde and C 1 to C 10 -(alkyl)naphthalenesulfonic acids, and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof, a discontinuous gaseous phase comprising gas bubbles, and a foam stabilizing surfactant to stabilize said gas bubbles, a thickening agent, and a crosslinking agent; and a second component which comprises a further amount of at least one oxygen-releasing salt.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
115 words
A melt explosive composition comprising: as a first component an eutectic which melts at a temperature in the range from -10° C. to +90° C. and which comprises at least one oxygen-releasing salt, at least one melt soluble fuel material, at least one formaldehyde-naphthalenesulfonate derivative selected from the condensates of formaldehyde and naphthalenesulfonic acids, the condensates of formaldehyde and C 1 to C 10 -(alkyl)naphthalenesulfonic acids, and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof, a discontinuous gaseous phase comprising gas bubbles, and a foam stabilizing surfactant to stabilize said gas bubbles, a thickening agent, and a crosslinking agent; and a second component which comprises a further amount of at least one oxygen-releasing salt.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
41 words
A melt explosive composition according to claim 29 wherein said second component further comprises up to 10% by weight, based on the total composition, of a secondary fuel material selected from the group consisting of carbonaceous materials and finely divided elements.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
109 words
A process for the manufacture of a melt explosive composition which comprises at least one oxygen releasing salt, at least one melt soluble fuel material and at least one naphthalenesulfonate derivative selected from condensates of formaldehyde and naphthalenesulfonic acids, condensates of formaldehyde and C 1 to C 10 -(alkyl)-naphthalenesulfonic acids and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof which process comprises forming a melt comprising the melt-soluble fuel, the naphthalenesulfonate derivative and at least a portion of the oxygen releasing salt at a temperature in the range of from -10° C. to +90° C. and incorporating into said melt any remaining portion of said oxygen releasing salt.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
109 words
A process for the manufacture of a melt explosive composition which comprises at least one oxygen releasing salt, at least one melt soluble fuel material and at least one naphthalenesulfonate derivative selected from condensates of formaldehyde and naphthalenesulfonic acids, condensates of formaldehyde and C 1 to C 10 -(alkyl)-naphthalenesulfonic acids and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof which process comprises forming a melt comprising the melt-soluble fuel, the naphthalenesulfonate derivative and at least a portion of the oxygen releasing salt at a temperature in the range of from -10° C. to +90° C. and incorporating into said melt any remaining portion of said oxygen releasing salt.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4248644A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-08-29 | 1987-02-28 | 1987-08-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-08-29 | 1991-02-28 | 1991-08-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-08-29 | 1995-02-28 | 1995-08-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |