US4400475A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Polyurethane foams and processes for preparation
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1982-11-23
•
Granted: 1983-08-23
•
Expires: 2002-11-23
Abstract
Abstract Polyurethane foams which may be rendered flame resistant by the addition of flame retardants are produced by reaction between a carbohydrate, a polyisocyanate and water in the presence of a suitable surfactant and polyurethane forming catalyst.
Inventors
- 👤 Richard B. Kennedy
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 13:36
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J9/00; C08J9/0066; C08G; C08G18/00; C08G18/06; C08G18/28; C08G18/30; C08G18/32; C08G18/3203; C08G18/3218; C08G18/40; C08G18/64; C08G18/6484; C08J9/0014; C08J9/0038; C08G2110/00; C08G2110/0008; C08G2110/0016; C08G2110/0025; C08G2110/0083; C08J2375/00; C08J2375/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 45
Claim 1
Independent Claim
48 words
A low reactive pressure flame-retardant polyurethane foam made by reacting together a reaction mixture consisting essentially of polyisocyanate, a surfactant, a polyurethane producing catalyst, and an aqueous solution or slurry of an untreated carbohydrate in which substantially all of the hydroxyl groups are free, and a flame retardant.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
48 words
A low reactive pressure flame-retardant polyurethane foam made by reacting together a reaction mixture consisting essentially of polyisocyanate, a surfactant, a polyurethane producing catalyst, and an aqueous solution or slurry of an untreated carbohydrate in which substantially all of the hydroxyl groups are free, and a flame retardant.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
A polyurethane foam according to claim 1 wherein the polyisocyanate is a polymeric isocyanate as defined herein.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
The polyurethane foam according to claim 1 wherein a blowing agent is incorporated in the reaction mixture resulting from reacting together the listed reactants.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
24 words
The polyurethane foam according to claim 1 wherein the polyisocyanate is a polymeric isocyanate and a blowing agent is incorporated in the reaction mixture.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
29 words
The polyurethane foam according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4 wherein the carbohydrate is selected from the group consisting of cornstarch, cellulose, corn syrup, dextrose, sucrose, and molasses.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
The polyurethane foam according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4 wherein the carbohydrate is cornstarch.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
The polyurethane foam according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein the carbohydrate is corn syrup.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
42 words
The polyurethane foam according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein the flame retardant is selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, calcium chloride, alkali metal borates, tri-cresyl phosphate, tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate, tris-(chloropropyl)phosphate, O,O-diethyl-N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) aminoethyl phosphate, antimony oxide, alumina, and antimony oxychloride.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The polyurethane foam according to claim 3 or 4 wherein the blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of methylene chloride, ethylenetrichloride, trichloromonofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, and dichlorotetrafluoroethane.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
89 words
A method of making a flame-retardant polyurethane foam consisting essentially of: a. mixing an untreated carbohydrate in which substantially all of the hydroxyl groups are free, a surfactant, a polyurethane forming catalyst, and water to form an aqueous solution or slurry, b. adding to the aqueous solution or slurry mixture a polyisocyanate and a flame retardant selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, calcium chloride, alkali metal borates, tri-cresyl phosphate, tri(2-chloroethyl)phosphate, tris-(chloropropyl)-phosphonate, O,O-diethyl-N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) aminoethyl phosphate, antimony oxide, alumina, and antimony oxychloride; and c. allowing the mixture to foam.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
89 words
A method of making a flame-retardant polyurethane foam consisting essentially of: a. mixing an untreated carbohydrate in which substantially all of the hydroxyl groups are free, a surfactant, a polyurethane forming catalyst, and water to form an aqueous solution or slurry, b. adding to the aqueous solution or slurry mixture a polyisocyanate and a flame retardant selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, calcium chloride, alkali metal borates, tri-cresyl phosphate, tri(2-chloroethyl)phosphate, tris-(chloropropyl)-phosphonate, O,O-diethyl-N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) aminoethyl phosphate, antimony oxide, alumina, and antimony oxychloride; and c. allowing the mixture to foam.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 10 wherein a blowing agent is added to the carbohydrate solution or slurry.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the polyisocynate is a polymeric isocyanate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the polyisocyanate is a polymeric isocyanate and a blowing agent is incorporated in the carbohydrate solution or slurry.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 10, 11, 12 or 13 wherein the carbohydrate is selected from the group consisting of cornstarch, cellulose, corn syrup, dextrose, sucrose and molasses.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 10, 11, 12 or 13 wherein the carbohydrate is cornstarch.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 10, 11, 12 or 13 wherein the carbohydrate is corn syrup.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 10, 11, 12 or 13 wherein a catalyst is present in the aqueous solution or slurry of step (a).
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
40 words
A polyurethane foam made by reacting together a reaction mixture consisting essentially of polyisocyanate, a surfactant, a polyurethane forming catalyst and and aqueous solution or slurry of an untreated carbohydrate in which substantially all of the hydroxyl groups are free.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
40 words
A polyurethane foam made by reacting together a reaction mixture consisting essentially of polyisocyanate, a surfactant, a polyurethane forming catalyst and and aqueous solution or slurry of an untreated carbohydrate in which substantially all of the hydroxyl groups are free.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
A polyurethane foam according to claim 18 wherein the polyisocyanate is a polymeric isocyanate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
A polyurethane foam according to claim 18 wherein a blowing agent is incorporated in the reaction mixture resulting from reacting together the listed reactants.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
31 words
A polyurethane foam according to claim 18 wherein the polyisocyanate is a polymeric isocyanate and a blowing agent is incorporated in the reaction mixture resulting from reacting together the listed ingredients.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
29 words
A polyurethane foam according to claim 18, 19, 20 or 21 wherein the carbohydrate is selected from the group consisting of cornstarch, cellulose, corn syrup, dextrose, sucrose and molasses.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
16 words
A polyurethane foam according to claim 18, 19, 20 or 21 wherein the carbohydrate is cornstarch.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
17 words
A polyurethane foam according to claim 18, 19, 20 or 21 wherein the carbohydrate is corn syrup.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
60 words
A method for making a polyurethane foam consisting essentially of: a. a mixing an untreated carbohydrate in which substantially all of the hydroxyl groups are free and a polyurethane forming catalyst to form an aqueous solution or slurry, b. mixing resulting aqueous solution or slurry with mixture containing a polyisocyanate, and a surfactant; and c. allowing the mixture to foam.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
60 words
A method for making a polyurethane foam consisting essentially of: a. a mixing an untreated carbohydrate in which substantially all of the hydroxyl groups are free and a polyurethane forming catalyst to form an aqueous solution or slurry, b. mixing resulting aqueous solution or slurry with mixture containing a polyisocyanate, and a surfactant; and c. allowing the mixture to foam.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 25 wherein the polyisocyanate is a polymeric isocyanate.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 25 wherein the polyisocyanate is a polymeric isocyanate and a blowing agent is incorporated in the carbohydrate solution or slurry.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 25, 26 or 27 wherein the carbohydrate is selected from the group consisting of cornstarch, cellulose, corn syrup, dextrose, sucrose and molasses.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 25, 26 or 27 wherein the carbohydrate is cornstarch.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 25, 26 or 27 wherein the carbohydrate is corn syrup.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 11, 26 or 27 wherein the blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of methylene chloride, ethylenetrichloride, trichloromonofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane and dichlorotetrafluoroethane.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
52 words
A low reactive pressure flame-retardant polyurethane foam made by reacting together a reaction mixture free of industrial polyol and containing a polyisocyanate, a surfactant, a polyurethane producing catalyst and an aqueous solution or slurry of an untreated carbohydrate in which substantially all of the hydroxyl groups are free, and a flame retardant.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
52 words
A low reactive pressure flame-retardant polyurethane foam made by reacting together a reaction mixture free of industrial polyol and containing a polyisocyanate, a surfactant, a polyurethane producing catalyst and an aqueous solution or slurry of an untreated carbohydrate in which substantially all of the hydroxyl groups are free, and a flame retardant.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
17 words
A polyurethane foam according to claim 32 wherein the polyisocyanate is a polymeric isocyanate as defined herein.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
24 words
A polyurethane foam according to claim 32 wherein a blowing agent is incorporated in the reaction mixture resulting from reacting together the listed reactants.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
29 words
A polyurethane foam according to claim 32, 33 or 34 wherein the carbohydrate is selected from the group consisting of corn starch, cellulose, corn syrup, dextrose, sucrose and molasses.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
48 words
A polyurethane foam made by reacting together a reaction mixture free of industrial polyol and containing a polyisocyanate, a surfactant, a polyurethane producing catalyst and an aqueous solution or slurry of an untreated carbohydrate in which substantially all of the hydroxyl groups are free, and a flame retardant.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
48 words
A polyurethane foam made by reacting together a reaction mixture free of industrial polyol and containing a polyisocyanate, a surfactant, a polyurethane producing catalyst and an aqueous solution or slurry of an untreated carbohydrate in which substantially all of the hydroxyl groups are free, and a flame retardant.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
14 words
A polyurethane foam according to claim 36 wherein the polyisocyanate is a polymeric isocyanate.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
24 words
A polyurethane foam according to claim 36 wherein a blowing agent is incorporated in the reaction mixture resulting from reacting together the listed reactants.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
29 words
A polyurethane foam according to claim 36, 37 or 38 wherein the carbohydrate is selected from the group consisting of corn starch, cellulose, corn syrup, dextrose, sucrose and molasses.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-08-22 | 1987-02-21 | 1987-08-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-08-22 | 1991-02-21 | 1991-08-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-08-22 | 1995-02-21 | 1995-08-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |