US4399241A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Base for a graft polymer, novel graft polymer compositions, solvents and water-reducible coatings incorporating the novel graft polymers, and processes for making them
Assignee: Akzo Nobel Paints LLC
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Filing: 1980-03-21
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Granted: 1983-08-16
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Expires: 2000-03-21
Abstract
Abstract Provides new and improved water-reducible coating compositions and methods of making them. Three preferred processes are disclosed. These differ in the manner of incorporating and chemical nature of an extender polymer. Broadly, the process of the invention is one for forming an aqueous dispersion of a fluent resinous composition of a. a mixture in an organic solvent of (i) an ionizable graft polymer of an epoxy resin and an addition polymerized resin, the addition polymerized resin being bonded to aliphatic backbone carbon atoms of the epoxy resin by carbon-to-carbon bonds, and (ii) an extender resin; b. an aqueous vehicle, and c. an ionizing agent; the ionization present from said combined components being sufficient to establish the components as a dispersion in the aqueous vehicle, and then addition polymerizing a quantity of addition polymerizable monomer, under addition polymerizing conditions, in said aqueous dispersion, the aqueous dispersion serving as a vehicle therefor. In another aspect of the invention, a grafting base is produced by advancing an aromatic epoxy resin in the presence of at least one extender resin and a sufficient amount of an organic solvent to render the initial mixture and grafting base product fluent.
Inventors
- 👤 Vincent W. Ting
- 👤 James T. K. Woo
- 👤 Richard M. Marcinko
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 07:41
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F283/00; C08F283/10; C09; C09D; C09D151/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
165 words
A process for making a fluent blend of an advanced epoxy resin and an extender polymer, said epoxy resin and said extender polymer each having aliphatic backbone carbon atoms that have either one or two carbon atoms bonded thereto, which comprises: mixing an aromatic 1,2-epoxy resin, having an epoxy equivalent weight below about 2,000, with at least one extender polymer and with a sufficient amount of an organic solvent to render the mixture fluent, and then advancing the epoxy resin in the presence of said extender polymer and said solvent, by reacting the epoxy resin with a polyfunctional compound that adds to the epoxy resin at its epoxide groups, to increase the molecular weight of the resin, which polyfunctional compound is either a polycarboxylic compound or a polyhydroxy compound, maintaining sufficient solvent in the mixture that the blend of advanced epoxy resin and extender polymer remains fluent, and polymerizing addition polymerizable monomer in the presence of said mixture by addition polymerization under addition polymerizing conditions.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
165 words
A process for making a fluent blend of an advanced epoxy resin and an extender polymer, said epoxy resin and said extender polymer each having aliphatic backbone carbon atoms that have either one or two carbon atoms bonded thereto, which comprises: mixing an aromatic 1,2-epoxy resin, having an epoxy equivalent weight below about 2,000, with at least one extender polymer and with a sufficient amount of an organic solvent to render the mixture fluent, and then advancing the epoxy resin in the presence of said extender polymer and said solvent, by reacting the epoxy resin with a polyfunctional compound that adds to the epoxy resin at its epoxide groups, to increase the molecular weight of the resin, which polyfunctional compound is either a polycarboxylic compound or a polyhydroxy compound, maintaining sufficient solvent in the mixture that the blend of advanced epoxy resin and extender polymer remains fluent, and polymerizing addition polymerizable monomer in the presence of said mixture by addition polymerization under addition polymerizing conditions.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
73 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the epoxy resin is an adduct of a diglycidyl ether of a bisphenol that has an epoxy equivalent weight in the range from about 180 up to about 2,000, and the resin is advanced by reacting it at a temperature in the range from about 130° C. to about 250° C. with a bisphenol, to the point that it has an epoxy equivalent weight above about 2,000.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the extender polymer is a hydrocarbon polymer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
52 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the extender polymer is selected from the group consisting of a low molecular weight polyethylene, polystyrene, a styrene acrylate copolymer, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a hydroxyl-terminated polyester or polyurethane, a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, a hydrocarbon resin, an epoxy resin, and mixtures of two or more of these.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the extender polymer is ethylenically unsaturated and addition polymerizable.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 5 wherein the extender polymer is a polybutadiene.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the extender polymer is a different epoxy resin than said first-named, aromatic, 1,2-epoxy resin.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the extender polymer is epoxidized polybutadiene.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
40 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the polyfunctional compound is one that reacts with the epoxy resin to extend the resin and to increase the number of aliphatic backbone carbon atoms that have either one or two carbons bonded thereto.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 9 wherein the polyfunctional compound is an aromatic polyhydric alcohol.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 10 wherein the polyfunctional compound is a diphenol.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the polyfunctional compound is bisphenol A.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 or 2 wherein the polyfunctional compound is a polynuclear polyhydroxy phenol.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the bisphenol is bisphenol A and the extender polymer is polystyrene.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the polyfunctional compound is a polycarboxylic acid or a polycarboxylic acid anhydride.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 15 wherein the polyfunctional compound is a saturated aliphatic polycarboxylic acid or polycarboxylic acid anhydride.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 15 wherein the polyfunctional compound is adipic acid.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 15 wherein the acid is azelaic acid.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 15 wherein the polyfunctional compound is a cyclic polycarboxylic acid or a cyclic polycarboxylic acid anhydride.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 19 wherein the polyfunctional compound is a tetrahydrophthalic acid or anhydride.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 19 wherein the polyfunctional compound is a phthalic acid or anhydride.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the solvent employed is one that dissolves the blend.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the solvent employed comprises 2-butoxyethanol-1.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 23 wherein the solvent also comprises n-butanol.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 2, 3, 11, or 22, wherein the epoxy resin has a molecular weight, following advancement, of not substantially less than 4,000, and forms at least 50% by weight of the blend following advancement.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
17 words
A tractable blend produced by the process of claim 1, 2, 3, 11, 22, 23 or 24.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
117 words
A process for producing a fluent resinous composition which comprises: forming a tractable blend substantially free from particulate resinous matter, said blend consisting essentially of polyepoxy resin, extender polymer and organic solvent; advancing at a temperature between about 130° C. and 250° C. said polyepoxy resin in said blend to greater molecular weight by reacting said polyepoxy resin with epoxy resin advancing agent, said extender polymer and said solvent being inert towards said polyepoxy resin and said advancing agent under the blend forming and advancing conditions used and, effecting termination of the advancement while the resulting mass remains tractable, polymerizing addition polymerizable monomer in the presence of said resulting mass by addition polymerization under addition polymerizing conditions.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
117 words
A process for producing a fluent resinous composition which comprises: forming a tractable blend substantially free from particulate resinous matter, said blend consisting essentially of polyepoxy resin, extender polymer and organic solvent; advancing at a temperature between about 130° C. and 250° C. said polyepoxy resin in said blend to greater molecular weight by reacting said polyepoxy resin with epoxy resin advancing agent, said extender polymer and said solvent being inert towards said polyepoxy resin and said advancing agent under the blend forming and advancing conditions used and, effecting termination of the advancement while the resulting mass remains tractable, polymerizing addition polymerizable monomer in the presence of said resulting mass by addition polymerization under addition polymerizing conditions.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 27 wherein the advanced epoxy resin retains some oxirane functionality.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 28 wherein at least part of the remaining oxirane functionality is modified by reaction with oxirane modifying agent that is monofunctional with respect to reacting with oxirane groups, thereby forming a modified mass.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 29 wherein said reaction with said modifying agent provides the modified mass with ionizable functionality.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-08-15 | 1987-02-14 | 1987-08-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-08-15 | 1991-02-14 | 1991-08-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-08-15 | 1995-02-14 | 1995-08-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |