US4397655A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Novel process for preparing diesel fuel
Assignee: Texaco Inc
•
Filing: 1981-05-26
•
Granted: 1983-08-09
•
Expires: 2001-05-26
Abstract
Abstract A vegetable oil such as soy bean oil, extended by addition of ethanol, may be stabilized against phase separation or haziness in the event of water contamination at pH below 7 by addition thereto of additives such as 2,2-dimethoxy propane.
Inventors
- 👤 William M. Sweeney
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 05:35
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/02; F; F02; F02B; F02B3/00; F02B3/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 47
Claim 1
Independent Claim
103 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water which comprises mixing (i) said composition containing a vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and (ii) as an additive, a ketal or an acetal or an orthoester thereby forming a stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance which remains a single phase mixture at pH below 7 in the presence of water; and recovering said stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
103 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water which comprises mixing (i) said composition containing a vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and (ii) as an additive, a ketal or an acetal or an orthoester thereby forming a stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance which remains a single phase mixture at pH below 7 in the presence of water; and recovering said stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
48 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water as claimed in claim 1 wherein said alcohol is ethanol.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
48 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water as claimed in claim 1 wherein said alcohol is isopropanol.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
48 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water as claimed in claim 1 wherein additive is a ketal.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
49 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water as claimed in claim 1 wherein said additive is an acetal.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
49 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water as claimed in claim 1 wherein said ketal is 2,2-dimethoxy propane.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
63 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water as claimed in claim 1 wherein said ketal or acetal or orthoester is present in amount of 1 v %-25 v % of said composition.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of stabilizing a composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein said vegetable oil is soy bean oil.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of stabilizing a composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein said vegetable oil is corn oil.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of stabilizing a composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein said vegetable oil is peanut oil.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of stabilizing a composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein said vegetable oil is cottonseed oil.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
108 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water which comprises mixing at pH below 7 (i) said composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and (ii) as an additive a ketal or an acetal or an orthoester thereby forming a stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance; and recovering said stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance which remains a single phase mixture at pH below 7 in the presence of water.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
108 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water which comprises mixing at pH below 7 (i) said composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and (ii) as an additive a ketal or an acetal or an orthoester thereby forming a stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance; and recovering said stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance which remains a single phase mixture at pH below 7 in the presence of water.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
52 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water as claimed in claim 12 wherein mixing is effected in the presence of acid.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
53 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water as claimed in claim 12 wherein mixing is effected in the presence of sulfuric acid.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
107 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and ethanol or isopropanol or n-propanol whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on standing which comprises mixing at pH below 7, (i) said composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and ethanol or isopropanol or n-propanol and (ii) as an additive a ketal or an acetal or an orthoester in amount of 1 v %-25 v % of said composition thereby forming a stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance; and recovering said stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance which remains a single phase mixture at pH below 7 in the presence of water.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
107 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and ethanol or isopropanol or n-propanol whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on standing which comprises mixing at pH below 7, (i) said composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and ethanol or isopropanol or n-propanol and (ii) as an additive a ketal or an acetal or an orthoester in amount of 1 v %-25 v % of said composition thereby forming a stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance; and recovering said stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance which remains a single phase mixture at pH below 7 in the presence of water.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
100 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, water, and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on standing which comprises mixing at pH below 7 (i) said composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, water and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and (ii) as additive a ketal, acetal or orthoester whereby said water is reacted with said ketal or acetal or orthoester thereby forming a stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance; and recovering said stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
100 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, water, and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on standing which comprises mixing at pH below 7 (i) said composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, water and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and (ii) as additive a ketal, acetal or orthoester whereby said water is reacted with said ketal or acetal or orthoester thereby forming a stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance; and recovering said stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
52 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, water, and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible in the said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on standing as claimed in claim 16 wherein said ethanol-miscible vegetable oil is soy bean oil.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
52 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, water, and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible in the said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on standing as claimed in claim 16 wherein said alcohol is methanol or isopropanol or n-propanol.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
49 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, water, and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible in the said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on standing as claimed in claim 16 wherein said ketal is 2,2-dimethoxy propane.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
89 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and water whereby said composition is maintained in a single phase which comprises mixing (i) said composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and water, (ii) as an additive a ketal, acetal, or an orthoester, and (iii) a catalytic amount, sufficient to maintain the pH below 7 of an acid thereby forming a single phase stabilized composition.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
89 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and water whereby said composition is maintained in a single phase which comprises mixing (i) said composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and water, (ii) as an additive a ketal, acetal, or an orthoester, and (iii) a catalytic amount, sufficient to maintain the pH below 7 of an acid thereby forming a single phase stabilized composition.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method claimed in claim 20 wherein said additive is present in amount at least equivalent to the water present in said composition.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
77 words
The method of forming vegetable oil composition characterized by its ability to remain a single phase which comprises mixing (i) an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, (ii) an aqueous solution of a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with vegetable oil, and (iii) a ketal, an acetal, or an orthoester which reacts at pH below 7 with water which is present thereby forming a composition characterized by presence of a single phase; and recovering said single phase vegetable oil composition.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
77 words
The method of forming vegetable oil composition characterized by its ability to remain a single phase which comprises mixing (i) an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, (ii) an aqueous solution of a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with vegetable oil, and (iii) a ketal, an acetal, or an orthoester which reacts at pH below 7 with water which is present thereby forming a composition characterized by presence of a single phase; and recovering said single phase vegetable oil composition.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of forming a vegetable composition as claimed in claim 22 wherein said aqueous solution of a water-miscible alcohol is 95% ethanol.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of forming a vegetable oil composition as claimed in claim 22 wherein said pH is maintained by addition of acid.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
83 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, water, and ethanol or isopropanol or n-propanol whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on standing which comprises mixing at pH below 7 (i) said composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, water and ethanol or isopropanol or n-propanol; and (ii) 2,2-dimethoxy propane whereby said water is reacted with said 2,2-dimethoxy propane thereby forming a stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance; and recovering said stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
83 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, water, and ethanol or isopropanol or n-propanol whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on standing which comprises mixing at pH below 7 (i) said composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, water and ethanol or isopropanol or n-propanol; and (ii) 2,2-dimethoxy propane whereby said water is reacted with said 2,2-dimethoxy propane thereby forming a stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance; and recovering said stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
54 words
A novel composition inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water at pH below 7 which comprises 100 parts of an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, 1-15 parts of a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and as additive 1-25 v % of a ketal, acetal, or an orthoester.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
54 words
A novel composition inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water at pH below 7 which comprises 100 parts of an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, 1-15 parts of a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and as additive 1-25 v % of a ketal, acetal, or an orthoester.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
16 words
A novel composition as claimed in claim 26 wherein said vegetable oil is soy bean oil.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
17 words
A novel composition as claimed in claim 26 wherein said alcohol is methanol or isopropanol or n-propanol.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
14 words
A novel composition as claimed in claim 26 wherein said ketal is 2,2-dimethoxy propane.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
14 words
A novel composition as claimed in claim 26 wherein said additive is an acetal.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
14 words
A novel composition as claimed in claim 26 wherein said additive is an orthoester.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
13 words
A novel composition containing soy bean oil, ethanol or methanol, and 2,2-dimethoxy propane.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
13 words
A novel composition containing soy bean oil, ethanol or methanol, and 2,2-dimethoxy propane.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
41 words
A novel composition comprising 100 parts of an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, 1-15 parts of a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and at least one reaction product of water and a ketal or an acetal or an orthoester.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
41 words
A novel composition comprising 100 parts of an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, 1-15 parts of a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and at least one reaction product of water and a ketal or an acetal or an orthoester.
Claim 44
Independent Claim
97 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water which comprises mixing (i) said composition containing a vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and (ii) as an additive or orthoester thereby forming a stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance which remains a single phase mixture at pH below 7 in the presence of water; and recovering said stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance.
Claim 45
Independent Claim
97 words
The method of stabilizing a composition containing an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil whereby said composition is inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water which comprises mixing (i) said composition containing a vegetable oil and a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and (ii) as an additive or orthoester thereby forming a stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance which remains a single phase mixture at pH below 7 in the presence of water; and recovering said stabilized composition of increased water-tolerance.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
50 words
A novel composition inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water at pH below 7 which comprises 100 parts of an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, 1-15 parts of a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and as additive 1-25 v % of an orthoester.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
50 words
A novel composition inhibited from separating into more than one layer on contact with water at pH below 7 which comprises 100 parts of an ethanol-miscible vegetable oil, 1-15 parts of a water-miscible alcohol which is miscible with said vegetable oil, and as additive 1-25 v % of an orthoester.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-08-08 | 1987-02-07 | 1987-08-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-08-08 | 1991-02-07 | 1991-08-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-08-08 | 1995-02-07 | 1995-08-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |