US4395578A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Oligomerization of olefins over boron trifluoride in the presence of a transition metal cation-containing promoter
Assignee: Huntsman Corp
•
Filing: 1982-06-18
•
Granted: 1983-07-26
•
Expires: 2002-06-18
Abstract
Abstract Alpha olefins may be oligomerized over a boron trifluoride catalyst and a promoter containing a transition metal cation. When the oligomers are hydrogenated they provide a synthetic lubricant base stock having excellent properties. The alpha olefins may be derived from ethylene polymerization or wax pyrolysis. A protonic promoter and an inert organic solvent may be present.
Inventors
- 👤 John M. Larkin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 23:53
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C2/00; C07C2/02; C07C2/04; C07C2/06; C07C2/08; C07C2/26; B; B01; B01J; B01J27/00; B01J27/06; B01J27/08; B01J27/12; C07C2/14; C07C2/20; C07C2/22; C10; C10M; C10M107/00; C10M107/02; C07C2523/00; C07C2523/16; C07C2523/24; C07C2523/26; C07C2523/70; C07C2523/72; C07C2523/74; C07C2523/755; C07C2527/00; C07C2527/06; C07C2527/08; C07C2527/12; C07C2527/1213; C07C2527/128; C07C2527/20; C07C2527/232; C07C2531/00; C07C2531/02; C07C2531/04; C10M2205/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 52
Claim 1
Independent Claim
43 words
A process for oligomerizing mono olefins comprising contacting a mixture of alpha mono olefins having between 3 and 18 carbon atoms, inclusive, with a catalyst comprising boron trifluoride in the presence of an inorganic promoter containing a transition metal cation, under oligomerization conditions.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process for oligomerizing mono olefins comprising contacting a mixture of alpha mono olefins having between 3 and 18 carbon atoms, inclusive, with a catalyst comprising boron trifluoride in the presence of an inorganic promoter containing a transition metal cation, under oligomerization conditions.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
39 words
The process of claim 1 in which the mixture of alpha mono olefins consists essentially of low molecular weight alpha olefins having 3 to 5 carbon atoms and higher molecular weight alpha olefins having 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 1 in which the catalyst is present in an amount of from 0.2 to 3.0 weight percent.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 1 in which the inorganic promoter contains a transition metal cation selected from the group consisting of nickel, copper, cobalt and chromium.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
39 words
The process of claim 4 in which the inorganic promoter is selected from the group consisting of elemental nickel, elemental copper, nickel oxide, copper oxide, chromium oxide, nickel fluoride, cobaltous carbonate, cobaltous fluoride, and cobalt tetrafluoroborate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1 in which the inorganic promoter is present in an amount of from 0.005 to 3.0 weight percent.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 1 in which a protonic promoter is employed in connection with the catalyst, the promoter being selected from the group consisting of alcohols carboxylic acids and water.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 7 in which the protonic promoter is 1-butanol.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 in which less than 30 weight percent of an inert organic solvent is employed.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 1 in which the oligomerization reaction is conducted at a temperature in the range of about 25° to 125° C. and a pressure that is autogenous.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 in which the oligomerized olefins are subsequently hydrogenated.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
70 words
A process for oligomerizing mono olefins comprising contacting a mixture of alpha mono olefins which consists essentially of low molecular weight alpha olefins having 3 to 5 carbon atoms and higher molecular weight alpha olefins having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, with a catalyst comprising boron trifluoride in the presence of an inorganic promoter containing a transition metal cation selected from the group consisting of nickel, copper, cobalt and chromium.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
70 words
A process for oligomerizing mono olefins comprising contacting a mixture of alpha mono olefins which consists essentially of low molecular weight alpha olefins having 3 to 5 carbon atoms and higher molecular weight alpha olefins having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, with a catalyst comprising boron trifluoride in the presence of an inorganic promoter containing a transition metal cation selected from the group consisting of nickel, copper, cobalt and chromium.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 12 in which the catalyst is present in an amount of from 0.2 to 3.0 weight percent.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
39 words
The process of claim 12 in which the inorganic promoter is selected from the group consisting of elemental nickel, elemental copper, nickel oxide, copper oxide, chromium oxide, nickel fluoride, cobaltous carbonate, cobaltous fluoride and cobalt tetrafluoroborate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 12 in which the inorganic promoter is present in an amount of from 0.005 to 3.0 weight percent.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 12 in which a protonic promoter is employed in connection with the catalyst, the promoter being selected from the group consisting of alcohols, carboxylic acids and water.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 16 in which the protonic promoter is 1-butanol.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 12 in which less than 30 weight percent of an inert organic solvent is employed.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 12 in which the oligomerization reaction is conducted at a temperature in the range of about 25° to 125° C. and a pressure that is autogenous.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 12 in which the oligomerized olefins are subsequently hydrogenated.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
111 words
A process for oligomerizing mono olefins comprising contacting a. A mixture of alpha olefins which consists essentially of (1) at least one low molecular weight alpha olefin having 3 to 5 carbon atoms and (2) at least one higher molecular weight alpha olefin having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, with b. 0.2 to 3.0 weight percent of a catalyst comprising boron trifluoride in the presence of c. 0.005 to 3.0 weight percent of an inorganic promoter which contains a transition metal cation selected from the group consisting of nickel, copper, cobalt and chromium, at a temperature in the range of about 25° to 125° C. and a pressure that is autogenous.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
111 words
A process for oligomerizing mono olefins comprising contacting a. A mixture of alpha olefins which consists essentially of (1) at least one low molecular weight alpha olefin having 3 to 5 carbon atoms and (2) at least one higher molecular weight alpha olefin having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, with b. 0.2 to 3.0 weight percent of a catalyst comprising boron trifluoride in the presence of c. 0.005 to 3.0 weight percent of an inorganic promoter which contains a transition metal cation selected from the group consisting of nickel, copper, cobalt and chromium, at a temperature in the range of about 25° to 125° C. and a pressure that is autogenous.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
39 words
The process of claim 21 in which the inorganic promoter is selected from the group consisting of elemental nickel, elemental copper, nickel oxide, copper oxide, chromium oxide, nickel fluoride, cobaltous carbonate, cobaltous fluoride and cobalt tetrafluoroborate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 21 in which a protonic promoter is employed in connection with the catalyst, the promoter being selected from the group consisting of alcohols, carboxylic acids and water.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 23 in which the protonic promoter is 1-butanol.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 21 in which less than 30 weight percent of an inert organic solvent is employed.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 21 in which the oligomerized olefins are subsequently hydrogenated.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
101 words
A process for the production of a synthetic lubricant component comprising a. oligomerizing a mixture of alpha mono olefins having between 3 and 18 carbon atoms, inclusive, by contacting the mixture with boron trifluoride in the presence of an inorganic promoter containing a transition metal cation, at a temperature sufficient to produce a crude oligomer product, b. neutralizing the crude oligomer product, c. removing the organic layer from the neutralized crude oligomer product, d. hydrogenating the oligomers in the removed organic layer, and e. stripping off the molecules having less than 20 carbon atoms, the balance being the synthetic lubricant component.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
101 words
A process for the production of a synthetic lubricant component comprising a. oligomerizing a mixture of alpha mono olefins having between 3 and 18 carbon atoms, inclusive, by contacting the mixture with boron trifluoride in the presence of an inorganic promoter containing a transition metal cation, at a temperature sufficient to produce a crude oligomer product, b. neutralizing the crude oligomer product, c. removing the organic layer from the neutralized crude oligomer product, d. hydrogenating the oligomers in the removed organic layer, and e. stripping off the molecules having less than 20 carbon atoms, the balance being the synthetic lubricant component.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
47 words
The process of claim 27 in which the mixture of alpha mono olefins consists essentially of a. at least one low molecular weight alpha olefin having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, and b. at least one higher molecular weight alpha olefin having 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 28 in which the weight ratio of the low molecular weight alpha olefins to the higher molecular weight alpha olefins ranges from about 0.5:1 to 3:1.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 27 in which the catalyst is present in an amount of from 0.2 to 3.0 weight percent.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 27 in which the inorganic promoter contains a transition metal cation selected from the group consisting of nickel, copper, cobalt and chromium.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
39 words
The process of claim 27 in which the inorganic promoter is selected from the group consisting of elemental nickel, elemental copper, nickel oxide, copper oxide, chromium oxide, nickel fluoride, cobaltous carbonate, cobaltous fluoride and cobalt tetrafluoroborate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 27 in which the inorganic promoter is present in an amount of from 0.005 to 3.0 weight percent.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 27 in which a protonic promoter is employed in connection with the catalyst, the promoter being selected from the group consisting of alcohols, carboxylic acids and water.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 34 in which the protonic promoter is 1-butanol.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 27 in which less than 30 weight percent of an inert organic solvent is employed.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 27 in which the oligomerization reaction is conducted at a temperature in the range of about 25° to 125° C. and a pressure that is autogenous.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
84 words
A synthetic lubricant component having a viscosity at 210° F. of between 3.5 and 5.0 centistokes being produced by oligomerizing a mixture of alpha mono olefins which consists essentially of low molecular weight alpha olefins having 3 to 5 carbon atoms and higher molecular weight alpha olefins having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, by means of contacting the alpha olefins with boron trifluoride in the presence of an inorganic promoter containing a transition metal cation, under oligomerization conditions, and subsequently hydrogenating the oligomerized olefins.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
84 words
A synthetic lubricant component having a viscosity at 210° F. of between 3.5 and 5.0 centistokes being produced by oligomerizing a mixture of alpha mono olefins which consists essentially of low molecular weight alpha olefins having 3 to 5 carbon atoms and higher molecular weight alpha olefins having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, by means of contacting the alpha olefins with boron trifluoride in the presence of an inorganic promoter containing a transition metal cation, under oligomerization conditions, and subsequently hydrogenating the oligomerized olefins.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
32 words
The synthetic lubricant component of claim 38 in which the weight ratio of the low molecular weight alpha olefins to the higher molecular weight alpha olefins ranges from about 0.5:1 to 3:1.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
23 words
The synthetic lubricant component of claim 38 in which the catalyst is present in an amount of from 0.2 to 3.0 weight percent.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
28 words
The synthetic lubricant component of claim 38 in which the inorganic promoter contains a transition metal cation selected from the group consisting of nickel, copper, cobalt and chromium.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
41 words
The synthetic lubricant component of claim 38 in which the inorganic promoter is selected from the group consisting of elemental nickel, elemental copper, nickel oxide, copper oxide, chromium oxide, nickel fluoride, cobaltous carbonate, cobaltous fluoride and cobalt tetrafluoroborate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
24 words
The synthetic lubricant component of claim 38 in which the inorganic promoter is present in an amount of from 0.005 to 3.0 weight percent.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
31 words
The synthetic lubricant component of claim 38 in which a protonic promoter is present during the oligomerization, the promoter being selected from the group consisting of alcohols, carboxylic acids and water.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
14 words
The synthetic lubricant component of claim 44 in which the protonic promoter is 1-butanol.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
23 words
The synthetic lubricant component of claim 38 in which less than 30 weight percent of an inert organic solvent is present during oligomerization.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
32 words
The synthetic lubricant component of claim 38 in which the oligomerization reaction is conducted at a temperature in the range of about 25° to 125° C. and a pressure that is autogenous.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-07-25 | 1987-01-24 | 1987-07-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-07-25 | 1991-01-24 | 1991-07-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-07-25 | 1995-01-24 | 1995-07-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |