US4386981A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method of waterproofing roofs and the like
Assignee: WR Grace and Co Conn
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Filing: 1981-05-29
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Granted: 1983-06-07
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Expires: 2001-05-29
Abstract
Abstract Roofs of buildings and the like are waterproofed by applying thereto a plurality of preformed, sheet-like, flexible waterproofing laminates each comprised of (i) a lower sheet support layer (preferably a plastic film or foil) non-removably adhered to (ii) an intermediate layer of waterproofing, self-adhesive, bituminous composition such as rubberized asphalt which in turn is removably adhered to (iii) an upper layer of protective sheet material (e.g. siliconized paper). The surface of the lower sheet support (i) remote from the bituminous layer (ii) is non-adherent and the laminate is applied to the roof with such non-adherent surface adjacent the roof. The uppermost protective sheet layer (iii) is subsequently removed exposing the self-adhesive bituminous layer to which is thereafter applied a weathering layer (e.g. a coating of gravel). The non-adherent surface nature of the lower sheet support layer allows any moisture entrapped below the applied waterproofing laminate to move and be distributed or vented. The self-adhesive bituminous layer shields the underlying sheet support (i) from weather and sun, and functions both as a waterproofing layer and as an adhesive layer for the finally-applied weathering layer. The inventive waterproofing method is ideally suited for use over roof decks which contain hydratable thermoinsulating concrete layers.
Inventors
- 👤 Allan S. Clapperton
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 09:36
CPC Classifications
E; E04; E04D; E04D5/00; E04D5/10; E04B; E04B1/00; E04B1/62; B; B32; B32B; B32B11/00; B32B11/04; B32B11/046; B32B3/00; B32B3/02; B32B7/00; B32B7/04; B32B7/06; B32B2307/00; B32B2307/50; B32B2307/514; B32B2307/518; B32B2307/70; B32B2307/712; B32B2419/00; B32B2419/06; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/14; Y10T428/1424; Y10T428/1452; Y10T428/24; Y10T428/24355; Y10T428/24372; Y10T428/26; Y10T442/00; Y10T442/20; Y10T442/2041; Y10T442/2098; Y10T442/2107; Y10T442/2115
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
225 words
A method of forming a continuous waterproofing layer upon a substrate, said method comprising, in sequence, the steps of: (a) providing a plurality of pre-formed waterproofing laminates, said laminates being comprised, prior to application to said substrate, of (i) a flexible sheet support non-removably adhered to one face of (ii) a normally tacky, self-adherent layer of waterproofing, pressure-sensitive, bituminous adhesive composition having a thickness of at least 0.010 inches, the surface of said sheet support remote from said adhesive being non-adherent, and (iii) a protective sheet covering the face of said adhesive layer (ii) remote from said sheet support (i), said protective sheet being removably adhered to said adhesive layer; (b) positioning said laminates in side-by-side fashion upon said substrate with the non-adherent surface of said flexible sheet support (i) of each laminate being adjacent said substrate; (c) removing said protective sheets (iii) from said laminates to expose said self-adhesive bituminous layer (ii); and (d) covering said exposed adhesive layer with granular weathering material said adhesive serving to adhere said weathering material to the surface of said laminate, whereby a single-ply continuous, water-impermable waterproofing layer is formed upon said substrate wherein any moisture vapor beneath said waterproofing layer is able to move between said waterproofing layer and said substrate due to the said non-adherent nature of said surface of said support sheet adjacent said substrate.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
225 words
A method of forming a continuous waterproofing layer upon a substrate, said method comprising, in sequence, the steps of: (a) providing a plurality of pre-formed waterproofing laminates, said laminates being comprised, prior to application to said substrate, of (i) a flexible sheet support non-removably adhered to one face of (ii) a normally tacky, self-adherent layer of waterproofing, pressure-sensitive, bituminous adhesive composition having a thickness of at least 0.010 inches, the surface of said sheet support remote from said adhesive being non-adherent, and (iii) a protective sheet covering the face of said adhesive layer (ii) remote from said sheet support (i), said protective sheet being removably adhered to said adhesive layer; (b) positioning said laminates in side-by-side fashion upon said substrate with the non-adherent surface of said flexible sheet support (i) of each laminate being adjacent said substrate; (c) removing said protective sheets (iii) from said laminates to expose said self-adhesive bituminous layer (ii); and (d) covering said exposed adhesive layer with granular weathering material said adhesive serving to adhere said weathering material to the surface of said laminate, whereby a single-ply continuous, water-impermable waterproofing layer is formed upon said substrate wherein any moisture vapor beneath said waterproofing layer is able to move between said waterproofing layer and said substrate due to the said non-adherent nature of said surface of said support sheet adjacent said substrate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said adhesive composition comprises a mixture of a polymer and bitumen.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said polymer is natural or synthetic rubber and said bitumen is asphalt.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 3 wherein said adhesive composition additionally contains mineral oil.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said sheet support (i) has a thickness of from about 0.002 to about 0.025 inches.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said sheet support is a sheet of polymer film comprised of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, polyester, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, and synthetic rubber.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said polymer film is comprised of a cross-laminated polymeric film or a biaxially-oriented polymeric film.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said film is comprised of high density polyolefin.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said weathering material comprises particles of sand or gravel.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said laminates are placed in overlapping fashion upon said substrate.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
37 words
A method according to any of claims 1 to 10 wherein said laminates are in the form of a continuous strip having a width of at least about 36 inches and a length greater than said width.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
228 words
A method of forming a continuous waterproofing layer upon a roofdeck, said method comprising, in sequence, the steps of (a) providing a plurality of pre-formed flexible waterproofing laminates, said laminates being comprised, prior to application to said roofdeck, of (i) a flexible sheet support of polymeric film non-removably adhered to one face of (ii) a normally tacky, self-adherent layer of waterproofing, pressure-senstive, bituminous adhesive composition having a thickness of at least 0.010 inches, the surface of said sheet support remote from said adhesive being non-adherent, and (iii) a protective sheet covering the face of said adhesive layer (ii) remote from said sheet support (i), said protective sheet being removably adhered to said adhesive layer; (b) positioning said laminates successively and in overlapping fashion upon said roofdeck, said non-adherent surfaces of said sheet supports of said laminates being adjacent said roofdeck; (c) removing said protective sheets (iii) from said laminate to expose said self-adhesive bituminous layer (ii); and (d) covering said exposed adhesive layer with granular weathering material said adhesive serving to adhere said weathering material to the surface of said laminates, whereby a single-ply, continuous, water-impermeable waterproofing layer is formed upon said roofdeck wherein any moisture vapor beneath said waterproofing layer is ble to move between said waterproofing layer and said roofdeck due to the said non-adherent nature of said surface of said support sheet adjacent said roofdeck.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
228 words
A method of forming a continuous waterproofing layer upon a roofdeck, said method comprising, in sequence, the steps of (a) providing a plurality of pre-formed flexible waterproofing laminates, said laminates being comprised, prior to application to said roofdeck, of (i) a flexible sheet support of polymeric film non-removably adhered to one face of (ii) a normally tacky, self-adherent layer of waterproofing, pressure-senstive, bituminous adhesive composition having a thickness of at least 0.010 inches, the surface of said sheet support remote from said adhesive being non-adherent, and (iii) a protective sheet covering the face of said adhesive layer (ii) remote from said sheet support (i), said protective sheet being removably adhered to said adhesive layer; (b) positioning said laminates successively and in overlapping fashion upon said roofdeck, said non-adherent surfaces of said sheet supports of said laminates being adjacent said roofdeck; (c) removing said protective sheets (iii) from said laminate to expose said self-adhesive bituminous layer (ii); and (d) covering said exposed adhesive layer with granular weathering material said adhesive serving to adhere said weathering material to the surface of said laminates, whereby a single-ply, continuous, water-impermeable waterproofing layer is formed upon said roofdeck wherein any moisture vapor beneath said waterproofing layer is ble to move between said waterproofing layer and said roofdeck due to the said non-adherent nature of said surface of said support sheet adjacent said roofdeck.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
49 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said protective sheets (iii) of said laminates is perforated along at least one marginal edge thereof to provide a portion thereof separately-removable from said laminate, and said separately-removable portion is removed prior to said overlapping of the laminate by a successively applied laminate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said laminates are mechanically secured to said roofdeck at spaced intervals.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said roofdeck is comprised of a layer of insulating concrete.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
309 words
A method of forming a single-ply, waterproofing layer upon a substrate, said method comprising, in sequence, the steps of: (a) providing first and second pre-formed flexible waterproofing laminates, said laminates being comprised, prior to application to said substrate, of (i) a flexible sheet support non-removably adhered to one face of (ii) a normally tacky, self-adherent layer of waterproofing, pressure-sensitive, bituminous adhesive composition having a thickness of at least 0.010 inches, the surface of said sheet support remote from said adhesive being non-adherent, and (iii) a protective sheet covering the face of said adhesive layer (ii) remote from said sheet support (i), said protective sheet being removably adhered to said adhesive layer; (b) positioning said first laminate on said substrate, said non-adherent surface of said sheet support of said first laminate being adjacent said substrate; (c) removing a marginal portion of said protective sheet from said first laminate to expose the underlying said self adhesive bituminous layer (ii); (d) positioning said second laminate on said substrate in overlapping relation with said first laminate, whereby that portion of said non-adherent surface of said sheet support of said second laminate which does not overlap said first laminate is adjacent said substrate and the overlapping portion of said non-adherent surface of said sheet support of said second laminate contacts said exposed bituminous layer; (e) removing the remainder of said protective sheet to expose said self adhesive bituminous layer of said first laminate; and (f) covering said exposed adhesive bituminous layer with a weathering material, said adhesive serving to adhere said weathering material to the surface of said laminate; whereby a single-ply, water-impermeable waterproofing layer is formed upon said substrate wherein any moisture vapor beneath said waterproofing layer is able to move between said waterproofing layer and said substrate due to the non-adherent nature of said surface of said support sheet adjacent said substrate.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
309 words
A method of forming a single-ply, waterproofing layer upon a substrate, said method comprising, in sequence, the steps of: (a) providing first and second pre-formed flexible waterproofing laminates, said laminates being comprised, prior to application to said substrate, of (i) a flexible sheet support non-removably adhered to one face of (ii) a normally tacky, self-adherent layer of waterproofing, pressure-sensitive, bituminous adhesive composition having a thickness of at least 0.010 inches, the surface of said sheet support remote from said adhesive being non-adherent, and (iii) a protective sheet covering the face of said adhesive layer (ii) remote from said sheet support (i), said protective sheet being removably adhered to said adhesive layer; (b) positioning said first laminate on said substrate, said non-adherent surface of said sheet support of said first laminate being adjacent said substrate; (c) removing a marginal portion of said protective sheet from said first laminate to expose the underlying said self adhesive bituminous layer (ii); (d) positioning said second laminate on said substrate in overlapping relation with said first laminate, whereby that portion of said non-adherent surface of said sheet support of said second laminate which does not overlap said first laminate is adjacent said substrate and the overlapping portion of said non-adherent surface of said sheet support of said second laminate contacts said exposed bituminous layer; (e) removing the remainder of said protective sheet to expose said self adhesive bituminous layer of said first laminate; and (f) covering said exposed adhesive bituminous layer with a weathering material, said adhesive serving to adhere said weathering material to the surface of said laminate; whereby a single-ply, water-impermeable waterproofing layer is formed upon said substrate wherein any moisture vapor beneath said waterproofing layer is able to move between said waterproofing layer and said substrate due to the non-adherent nature of said surface of said support sheet adjacent said substrate.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
11 words
A method of claim 16 wherein said substrate is a roofdeck.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method of claim 17 wherein said laminates are mechanically secured to said roofdeck at spaced intervals.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method of claim 18 wherein said roofdeck comprises a layer of insulating concrete.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method of claim 16 wherein said protective sheets of said laminates are perforated along at least one marginal edge thereof to provide a marginal portion thereof separately removable from said laminates.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 16 wherein said adhesive composition comprises a mixture of a polymer and bitumen.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 21 wherein said polymer is natural or synthetic rubber and said bitumen is asphalt.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 22 wherein said adhesive composition additionally contains mineral oil.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 16 wherein said sheet support (i) has a thickness of from about 0.002 to about 0.025 inches.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method of claim 16 wherein said sheet support is a sheet of polymer film comprised of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, polyester, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, and synthetic rubber.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 25 wherein said polymer film is comprised of a cross-laminated polymeric film or a biaxially-oriented polymeric film.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 26 wherein said film is comprised of high density polyolefin.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-06-06 | 1986-12-06 | 1987-06-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-06-06 | 1990-12-06 | 1991-06-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-06-06 | 1994-12-06 | 1995-06-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |