US4385726A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method of preheating motor vehicles with internal combustion engines
Assignee: Daimler Benz AG
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Filing: 1980-05-16
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Granted: 1983-05-31
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Expires: 2000-05-16
Abstract
Abstract A method of preheating vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines involves the utilization of the heat released when hydrogen is combined with a high-temperature hydride-forming material contained within a high-temperature reservoir. The high-temperature reservoir contains a sufficient quantity of low-temperature reservoir hydride-forming material that when hydrogen is added from a low-temperature reservoir to the high-temperature reservoir, the quantity of heat which is initially released by the low-temperature hydride-forming material is sufficient to raise the high-temperature reservoir hydride-forming material also contained in the high-temperature reservoir to the reaction temperatures required for absorption of hydrogen and the release of heat. The amount of heat released in the high-temperature reservoir is used to preheat the vehicle by heat exchange with the vehicle passenger compartment and/or engine and the exhaust heat released by the engine during operation is used to desorb the hydrogen from the hydride-forming material in the high-temperature reservoir and transfer the hydrogen back to a low-temperature reservoir.
Inventors
- 👤 Otto Bernauer
- 👤 Helmut Buchner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 10:11
CPC Classifications
F; F02; F02N; F02N19/00; F02N19/02; F02B; F02B43/00; F02B43/10; F28; F28D; F28D20/00; F28D20/003; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/14; Y02E70/00; Y02E70/30; Y02T; Y02T10/00; Y02T10/10; Y02T10/30; Y02T90/00; Y02T90/40; Y10; Y10S; Y10S123/00; Y10S123/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 6
Claim 1
Independent Claim
267 words
A method of preheating vehicles with internal combustion engines without consuming heating material by employing the heat which is given off when hydrogen is transferred from a low-temperature hydride reservoir to a high-temperature hydride reservoir, characterized in that the high-temperature reservoir is initially at a temperature below the reaction temperature which is required for absorption of hydrogen by the high-temperature reservoir hydride-forming material contained therein, the low-temperature reservoir is placed in communication with the high-temperature reservoir to allow the introduction of hydrogen from the low-temperature reservoir into the high-temperature reservoir, the high-temperature reservoir contains in addition to the high-temperature reservoir hydride-forming material contained therein, a sufficient quantity of low-temperature reservoir hydride-forming material that when the hydrogen is introduced from the low-temperature reservoir to the high-temperature reservoir, the quantity of heat which is initially released in the low-temperature reservoir hydride forming material in the high-temperature reservoir is sufficient to raise the high-temperature reservoir hydride forming material to the reaction temperature which is required for the absorption of hydrogen, the low-temperature reservoir contains a reservoir hydride-forming material above which the hydrogen pressure at room temperature is at least 5 bars higher than the hydrogen pressure above the low-temperature reservoir material in the high-temperature reservoir at the same temperature, the amount of heat further released in the high-temperature reservoir is used to preheat the vehicle by heat exchange with the vehicle passenger compartment and/or the engine, and the exhaust heat released by the engine during operation is used to desorb the hydrogen from the hydride-forming material in the high-temperature reservoir and to transfer the hydrogen back to the low-temperature reservoir.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
267 words
A method of preheating vehicles with internal combustion engines without consuming heating material by employing the heat which is given off when hydrogen is transferred from a low-temperature hydride reservoir to a high-temperature hydride reservoir, characterized in that the high-temperature reservoir is initially at a temperature below the reaction temperature which is required for absorption of hydrogen by the high-temperature reservoir hydride-forming material contained therein, the low-temperature reservoir is placed in communication with the high-temperature reservoir to allow the introduction of hydrogen from the low-temperature reservoir into the high-temperature reservoir, the high-temperature reservoir contains in addition to the high-temperature reservoir hydride-forming material contained therein, a sufficient quantity of low-temperature reservoir hydride-forming material that when the hydrogen is introduced from the low-temperature reservoir to the high-temperature reservoir, the quantity of heat which is initially released in the low-temperature reservoir hydride forming material in the high-temperature reservoir is sufficient to raise the high-temperature reservoir hydride forming material to the reaction temperature which is required for the absorption of hydrogen, the low-temperature reservoir contains a reservoir hydride-forming material above which the hydrogen pressure at room temperature is at least 5 bars higher than the hydrogen pressure above the low-temperature reservoir material in the high-temperature reservoir at the same temperature, the amount of heat further released in the high-temperature reservoir is used to preheat the vehicle by heat exchange with the vehicle passenger compartment and/or the engine, and the exhaust heat released by the engine during operation is used to desorb the hydrogen from the hydride-forming material in the high-temperature reservoir and to transfer the hydrogen back to the low-temperature reservoir.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
40 words
A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the low-temperature reservoir contains TiCrMn and the high-temperature reservoir contains 50 to 57 wt% of Mg 2 Ni and/or MgNi, 35 to 13 wt% TiFe, and 42 to 30 wt% TiCo.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
46 words
A method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the hydrogen pressure at room temperature above the material in the low-temperature reservoir is 10 to 20 bars higher than the hydrogen pressure above the material in the high-temperature reservoir at the same temperature.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogen is initially introduced into the high-temperature reservoir from the low-temperature reservoir via a conduit provided with a valve for placing said reservoirs in communication with each other.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight ratio of low-temperature reservoir hydride-forming material to the high-temperature reservoir hydride-forming material in said high-temperature reservoir is in the range of 0.3 to 1.5.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-05-30 | 1986-11-29 | 1987-05-31 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-05-30 | 1990-11-29 | 1991-05-31 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-05-30 | 1994-11-29 | 1995-05-31 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |