US4382868A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Organophilic clay gellants
Assignee: American Hospital Supply Corp
•
Filing: 1981-08-13
•
Granted: 1983-05-10
•
Expires: 2001-08-13
Abstract
Abstract The invention provides methods of preparing organophilic clays having enhanced dispersibility in organic liquids, the organophilic clay containing gellants, and methods of increasing the viscosity of organic liquids utilizing these gellants.
Inventors
- 👤 Roy F. House
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 06:50
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10M; C10M123/00; C10M123/02; C01; C01B; C01B33/00; C01B33/20; C01B33/36; C01B33/38; C01B33/44; C09; C09K; C09K8/00; C09K8/02; C09K8/32; C10M113/00; C10M113/16; C10M2201/00; C10M2201/14
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 44
Claim 1
Independent Claim
37 words
A gellant comprising from about 58% to about 80% of an organophilic clay, from about 3% to about 10% of an alcohol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and from about 15% to about 40% water.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
37 words
A gellant comprising from about 58% to about 80% of an organophilic clay, from about 3% to about 10% of an alcohol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and from about 15% to about 40% water.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
36 words
The gellant of claim 1 wherein said organophilic clay is the reaction product of a smectite clay and a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
The gellant of claim 2 wherein the amount of said quaternary compound is from about 80 to about 110 milliequivalents per 100 grams of 100% active clay.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The gellant of claim 3 wherein said smectite clay is montmorillonite.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
11 words
The gellant of claim 3 wherein said smectite clay is bentonite.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
38 words
The gellant of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, which contains from about 61% to about 75% of said organoclay, from about 4% to about 9% of said alcohol, and from about 17% to about 35% water.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
The gellant of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, wherein said alcohol is isopropanol.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
37 words
The gellant of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, which contains from about 61% to about 75% of said organoclay, from about 4% to about 9% of isopropanol, and from about 17% to about 35% water.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
55 words
An organoclay gellant slurry containing from about 20% to about 40% of an organophilic clay, from about 24% to about 78% water, and from about 2% to about 48% of an alcohol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, wherein the water to alcohol ratio is in the range from about 97.5/2.5 to about 35/65.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
55 words
An organoclay gellant slurry containing from about 20% to about 40% of an organophilic clay, from about 24% to about 78% water, and from about 2% to about 48% of an alcohol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, wherein the water to alcohol ratio is in the range from about 97.5/2.5 to about 35/65.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
36 words
The slurry of claim 9 wherein said organophilic clay is the reaction product of a smectite clay and a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
27 words
The slurry of claim 10 wherein the amount of said quaternary compound is from about 80 to about 110 milliequivalents per 100 grams of 100% active clay.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
11 words
The slurry of claim 11 wherein said smectite clay is montmorillonite.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
11 words
The slurry of claim 11 wherein said smectite clay is bentonite.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
34 words
The slurry of claims 9, 10, 11, 12, or 13, which contains from about 25% to about 45% of said organophilic clay and a viscosity reducing amount of a deflocculant for said organophilic clay.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
The slurry of claims 9, 10, 11, 12, or 13, wherein said alcohol is isopropanol.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
39 words
The slurry of claims 9, 10, 11, 12, or 13, which contains from about 25% to about 45% of said organophilic clay and a viscosity reducing amount of a deflocculant for said organophilic clay, wherein said alcohol is isopropanol.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
103 words
The method of producing an organoclay gellant which comprises extruding a mixture containing a smectite clay, from about 75 to about 120 milliequivalents per 100 grams of 100% active clay of a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, and mixtures thereof, from about 25% to about 100%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of water, and from about 5% to about 30%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of an alcohol containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and thereafter grinding the organoclay gellant without removing the water or alcohol therefrom.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
103 words
The method of producing an organoclay gellant which comprises extruding a mixture containing a smectite clay, from about 75 to about 120 milliequivalents per 100 grams of 100% active clay of a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, and mixtures thereof, from about 25% to about 100%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of water, and from about 5% to about 30%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of an alcohol containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and thereafter grinding the organoclay gellant without removing the water or alcohol therefrom.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 17 wherein said smectite clay is montmorillonite.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
10 words
The method of claim 17 wherein said smectite is bentonite.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
66 words
The method of claim 17 wherein the amount of said quaternary compound is from about 80 to about 110 milliequivalents per 100 grams of 100% active clay, the amount of water is from about 35% to about 75%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, and the amount of alcohol is from about 10% to about 25%, based on the weight of 100% active clay.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 20 wherein said smectite clay is montmorillonite.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 20 wherein said smectite clay is bentonite.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
16 words
The method of claims 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, or 22, wherein said alcohol is isopropanol.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
150 words
The method of producing an organoclay gellant slurry which comprises extruding a mixture containing a smectite clay, from about 75 to about 120 milliequivalents per 100 grams of 100% active clay of a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, and mixtures thereof, from about 20% to about 100%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of water, and from about 5% to about 50%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of an alcohol containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and thereafter shearing the extruded organoclay gellant in sufficient water and alcohol to produce said slurry, said slurry containing from about 20% to about 40% organoclay, from about 24% to about 78% water, and from about 2% to about 48% of said alcohol, wherein the water to alcohol ratio is in the range from about 97.5/2.5 to about 35/65.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
150 words
The method of producing an organoclay gellant slurry which comprises extruding a mixture containing a smectite clay, from about 75 to about 120 milliequivalents per 100 grams of 100% active clay of a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, and mixtures thereof, from about 20% to about 100%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of water, and from about 5% to about 50%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of an alcohol containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and thereafter shearing the extruded organoclay gellant in sufficient water and alcohol to produce said slurry, said slurry containing from about 20% to about 40% organoclay, from about 24% to about 78% water, and from about 2% to about 48% of said alcohol, wherein the water to alcohol ratio is in the range from about 97.5/2.5 to about 35/65.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 24 wherein said smectite clay is montmorillonite.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 24 wherein said smectite clay is bentonite.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 24 wherein the amount of said quaternary ammonium compound is from about 80 to about 110 milliequivalents per 100 grams of 100% active clay.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 27 wherein said smectite clay is montmorillonite.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 27 wherein said smectite clay is bentonite.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
42 words
The method of claim 24 wherein said slurry contains from about 35% to about 75% water, and from about 5% to about 30% of said alcohol, wherein the water to alcohol ratio is in the range from about 87.5/12.5 to about 65/35.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 30 wherein said smectite clay is montmorillonite.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 30 wherein said smectite clay is bentonite.
Claim 37
Independent Claim
19 words
The method of claims 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, or 32, wherein said alcohol is isopropanol.
Claim 38
Independent Claim
38 words
The method of claims 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, or 32, wherein said slurry contains from about 25% to about 45% of said organoclay and a viscosity reducing amount of a deflocculant for said organoclay.
Claim 39
Independent Claim
43 words
The method of claims 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, or 32, wherein said slurry contains from about 25% to about 45% of said organoclay and a viscosity reducing amount of a deflocculant for said organoclay, wherein said alcohol is isopropanol.
Claim 40
Independent Claim
109 words
A method of increasing the viscosity of an oleaginous liquid which comprises extruding a mixture containing a smectite clay, from about 80 to about 110 milliequivalents per 100 grams of 100% active clay of a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, and mixtures thereof, from about 35% to about 100%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of water, and from about 5% to about 30%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of an alcohol containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and thereafter dispersing the extrudate into the oleaginous liquid without removing the water of alcohol therefrom.
Claim 41
Independent Claim
109 words
A method of increasing the viscosity of an oleaginous liquid which comprises extruding a mixture containing a smectite clay, from about 80 to about 110 milliequivalents per 100 grams of 100% active clay of a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, and mixtures thereof, from about 35% to about 100%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of water, and from about 5% to about 30%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of an alcohol containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and thereafter dispersing the extrudate into the oleaginous liquid without removing the water of alcohol therefrom.
Claim 42
Independent Claim
158 words
A method of increasing the viscosity of an oleaginous liquid which comprises extruding a mixture containing a smectite clay, from about 80 to about 110 milliequivalents per 100 grams of 100% active clay of a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, and mixtures thereof, from about 20% to about 100%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of water, and from about 5% to about 50%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of an alcohol containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, shearing the extrudate in sufficient water and said alcohol to produce a slurry, said slurry containing from about 20% to about 40% organoclay, from about 24% to about 78% water, and from about 2% to about 48% of said alcohol, wherein the water to alcohol ratio is in the range from about 97.5/2.5, to about 35/65, and thereafter mixing said slurry with said oleaginous liquid.
Claim 43
Independent Claim
158 words
A method of increasing the viscosity of an oleaginous liquid which comprises extruding a mixture containing a smectite clay, from about 80 to about 110 milliequivalents per 100 grams of 100% active clay of a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, and mixtures thereof, from about 20% to about 100%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of water, and from about 5% to about 50%, based on the weight of 100% active clay, of an alcohol containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, shearing the extrudate in sufficient water and said alcohol to produce a slurry, said slurry containing from about 20% to about 40% organoclay, from about 24% to about 78% water, and from about 2% to about 48% of said alcohol, wherein the water to alcohol ratio is in the range from about 97.5/2.5, to about 35/65, and thereafter mixing said slurry with said oleaginous liquid.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method of increasing the viscosity of an oleaginous liquid which comprises mixing with the oleaginous liquid the gellant of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 11, 12, or 13.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3654171A
Cited
US3755166A
Cited
US3812937A
Cited
US4287086A
Cited
US4040974A
Cited
US4116866A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-05-09 | 1986-11-08 | 1987-05-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-05-09 | 1990-11-08 | 1991-05-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-05-09 | 1994-11-08 | 1995-05-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |