US4379866A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Plugging refractory material having resin binder system
Assignee: General Refractories Co
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Filing: 1981-09-14
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Granted: 1983-04-12
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Expires: 2001-09-14
Abstract
Abstract Tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane is used as the formaldehyde-source, cross-linking agent for a phenol-formaldehyde or resorcinol polymer resin binder system for a plugging refractory to enhance the plugging refractory's ability to withstand residence periods in a mud gun without premature solidification.
Inventors
- 👤 Francis W. Henry, Jr.
- 👤 Subrata Banerjee
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 16:51
CPC Classifications
C; C21; C21B; C21B7/00; C21B7/12; C21B7/125; C04; C04B; C04B26/00; C04B26/02; C04B26/10; C04B26/12; C08; C08K; C08K5/00; C08K5/16; C08K5/32
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 33
Claim 1
Independent Claim
36 words
A plugging refractory comprising a refractory material and a resin binder system, said resin binder system comprising a phenol-formaldehyde or resorcinol polymer resin and a formaldehyde-source, cross-linking agent, the formaldehyde-source, cross-linking agent being tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
36 words
A plugging refractory comprising a refractory material and a resin binder system, said resin binder system comprising a phenol-formaldehyde or resorcinol polymer resin and a formaldehyde-source, cross-linking agent, the formaldehyde-source, cross-linking agent being tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
Plugging refractory of claim 1 wherein said phenol-formaldehyde or resorcinol polymer resin is 3 to 20% by weight of said refractory material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
Plugging refractory of claim 1 wherein said tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane is 3 to 20% by weight of said phenol-formaldehyde or resorcinol polymer resin.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
Plugging refractory of claim 1 wherein said phenol-formaldehyde or resorcinol resin is a novolac-type phenolic resin.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
Plugging refractory of claim 4 wherein said novolac-type phenolic resin is supplied in solid form.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
Plugging refractory of claim 1 wherein said refractory material is a composition containing carbon, calcined fireclay, raw ball clay, silicon carbide, sand, or coke breeze, or combinations thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
Plugging refractory mix comprising the plugging refractory of claim 1 and a solvent or combination of solvents selected from the group: cellosolve, cellosolve acetate, polyethylene glycol (100-500 molecular weight) and ethylene glycol.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
Plugging refractory mix comprising the plugging refractory of claim 1 and linseed oil.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
A blast furnace taphole mix comprising said plugging refractory of claim 1.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
42 words
Blast furnace taphole mix comprising: refractory material; liquid novolac-type phenolic resin in an amount equal to approximately 19.2% by weight of said refractory material; solvent; and tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane in an amount equal to approximately 0.45% by weight of said refractory material.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
42 words
Blast furnace taphole mix comprising: refractory material; liquid novolac-type phenolic resin in an amount equal to approximately 19.2% by weight of said refractory material; solvent; and tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane in an amount equal to approximately 0.45% by weight of said refractory material.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
43 words
Blast furnace taphole mix comprising: refractory material; solid novolac-type phenolic resin powder in an amount equal to approximately 13% by weight of said refractory material; solvent; and tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane in an amount equal to approximately 0.4% by weight of said refractory material.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
43 words
Blast furnace taphole mix comprising: refractory material; solid novolac-type phenolic resin powder in an amount equal to approximately 13% by weight of said refractory material; solvent; and tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane in an amount equal to approximately 0.4% by weight of said refractory material.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
42 words
A method of making a plugging refractory which comprises adding to a refractory material, a resin binder system, the resin binder system comprising a phenol-formaldehyde or resorcinol polymer resin and a formaldehyde-source, cross-linking agent, said formaldehyde-source, cross-linking agent being tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
42 words
A method of making a plugging refractory which comprises adding to a refractory material, a resin binder system, the resin binder system comprising a phenol-formaldehyde or resorcinol polymer resin and a formaldehyde-source, cross-linking agent, said formaldehyde-source, cross-linking agent being tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
Method of claim 12 wherein the amount of phenol-formaldehyde or resorcinol polymer resin added is 3 to 20% by weight of said refractory material.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
25 words
Method of claim 12 wherein the amount of tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane added is 3 to 20% by weight of said phenol-formaldehyde or resorcinol polymer resin.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
37 words
Method of claim 12 which also includes the step of adding a solvent from the group of cellosolve, cellosolve acetate, polyethylene glycol liquid (100 to 500 molecular weight), ethylene glycol, and mixtures thereof to the refractory material.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
Method of claim 12 which also includes the step of adding linseed oil to the refractory material.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
Method of claim 12 wherein the added materials are mixed with the refractory material cold.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
15 words
Method of claim 12 wherein the added materials are mixed with the refractory material hot.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
Method of claim 12 wherein the added materials are mixed with the refractory material at a temperature of from 100° F. to 220° F.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
Method of claim 12 wherein said phenol-formaldehyde or resorcinol-formaldehyde resin is a novolac-type phenol resin.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
14 words
Method of claim 20 wherein said novolac-type phenolic resin is supplied in solid form.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
98 words
Method of claim 12 which includes the steps of: forming a refractory material out of carbon, fireclay, ball clay, and/or silicon carbide; adding a resorcinol polymer resin in an amount equal to 3 to 20% by weight of said refractory material; adding tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane in an amount equal to 0.25 to 1.6% by weight of said refractory material; adding polyethylene glycol of 400 molecular weight in an amount equal to 1 to 5% by weight of said refractory material; and adding cellosolve acetate in an amount equal to 1 to 10% by weight of said refractory material.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
27 words
Method of claim 22 which also includes the step of adding linseed oil in an amount equal to up to 5% by weight of said refractory material.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
60 words
Method of claim 12 which includes the steps of: forming a refractory material out of carbon, fireclay, ball clay, and/or silicon carbide; adding a novolac-type phenolic resin in an amount equal to 3 to 20% by weight of said refractory material; and adding tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane in an amount equal to 1.0 to 1.5% by weight of said refractory material.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
24 words
Method of claim 24 which also includes the step of adding cellosolve in an amount up to 5% by weight of said refractory material.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
29 words
Method of claim 24 which also includes the step of adding polyethylene glycol of 400 molecular weight in an amount up to 3% by weight of said refractory material.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
25 words
Method of claim 24 which also includes the step of adding linseed oil in an amount up to 3% by weight of said refractory material.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
44 words
A method of using tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane as a formaldehyde-source, cross-linking agent for a phenol-formaldehyde or resorcinol polymer resin binder system for a plugging refractory in order to enhance said plugging refractory's ability to withstand residence periods in a mud gun without premature solidification.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
44 words
A method of using tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane as a formaldehyde-source, cross-linking agent for a phenol-formaldehyde or resorcinol polymer resin binder system for a plugging refractory in order to enhance said plugging refractory's ability to withstand residence periods in a mud gun without premature solidification.
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| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-04-11 | 1986-10-11 | 1987-04-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-04-11 | 1990-10-11 | 1991-04-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-04-11 | 1994-10-11 | 1995-04-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |