US4374050A
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Inert electrode compositions
Assignee: Alcoa Corp
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Filing: 1980-11-10
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Granted: 1983-02-15
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Expires: 2000-11-10
Abstract
Abstract An inert type electrode composition suitable for use in the electrolytic production of metals such as aluminum is disclosed. The aluminum is produced from an aluminum-containing material dissolved in a molten salt. The electrode composition is fabricated from at least two metals or metal compounds combined to provide a combination metal compound containing at least one of the group consisting of oxide, fluoride, nitride, sulfide, carbide or boride, the combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU1## Z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M j is at least one metal having a valence of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 and is the same metal or metals when M i is used in the composition; M j is a metal having a valence of 2, 3 or 4; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
Inventors
- 👤 Siba P. Ray
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 11:34
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25C; C25C7/00; C25C7/02; C25C3/00; C25C3/06; C25C3/08; C25C3/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 47
Claim 1
Independent Claim
179 words
A metal composition suitable for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a molten salt, the composition defined by the formula: ##EQU4## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is a metal having a valence of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula; M j is a metal having a valence of 2, 3 or 4; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and O<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1 when m>1.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
179 words
A metal composition suitable for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a molten salt, the composition defined by the formula: ##EQU4## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is a metal having a valence of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula; M j is a metal having a valence of 2, 3 or 4; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and O<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1 when m>1.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
39 words
The composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein M i has a valence selected from the group consisting of 1, 2, 4 or 5 and M j has a valence selected from the group consisting of 2 and 3.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein X r is oxygen.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Sn, Zr, Zn, Co, Mn, Ti, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Zn, Co, Ni, Hf and Y.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
46 words
The composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Zn, Co, Li and Fe and wherein M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Cr and Y.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
203 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU5## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li and Fe and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1 when m>1.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
203 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU5## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li and Fe and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1 when m>1.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
207 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU6## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Sn, Zr, Zn, Co, Mn, Ti, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1 when m>1.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
207 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU6## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Sn, Zr, Zn, Co, Mn, Ti, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1 when m>1.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
206 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU7## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Sn, Ti, Zr, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1 when m>1.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
206 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU7## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Sn, Ti, Zr, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1 when m>1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
206 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU8## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Sn, Ti, Zr, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1 when m>1.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
206 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU8## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Sn, Ti, Zr, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1 when m>1.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
206 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU9## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Ti, Zr, Sn, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r and m≧3; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
206 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU9## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Ti, Zr, Sn, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r and m≧3; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
177 words
A metal composition suitable for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a molten salt, the composition defined by the formula: ##EQU10## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is a metal having a valence of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula; M j is a metal having a valence of 2, 3 or 4; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <0.5.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
177 words
A metal composition suitable for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a molten salt, the composition defined by the formula: ##EQU10## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is a metal having a valence of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula; M j is a metal having a valence of 2, 3 or 4; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <0.5.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i ≦0.4.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein 0.5<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein 0.6≦ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
183 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU11## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li and Fe and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <0.5.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
183 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU11## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li and Fe and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <0.5.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 16 wherein 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i ≦0.4.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 16 wherein 0.5<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 16 wherein 0.6≦ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
205 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU12## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Sn, Zr, Zn, Co, Mn, Ti, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <0.5.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
205 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU12## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Sn, Zr, Zn, Co, Mn, Ti, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <0.5.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 20 wherein 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i ≦0.4.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 20 wherein 0.5<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 20 wherein 0.6≦ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
204 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU13## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Sn, Ti, Zr, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <0.5.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
204 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU13## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Sn, Ti, Zr, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <0.5.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 24 wherein 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i ≦0.4.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 24 wherein 0.5<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 24 wherein 0.6≦ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
204 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU14## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Sn, Ti, Zr, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <0.5.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
204 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU14## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Sn, Ti, Zr, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf and is the same metal or metals wherever M i is used in the formula for the composition; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r ; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i or F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <0.5.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 28 wherein 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i ≦0.4.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 28 wherein 0.5<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 28 wherein 0.6≦ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
188 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU15## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Ti, Zr, Sn, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r and m≧3; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i of F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <0.5.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
188 words
A metal composition for use as an inert electrode in the electrolytic production of metal from a metal compound dissolved in a metal salt, the composition comprising a combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU15## z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M i is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Ti, Zr, Sn, Zn, Co, Mn, Nb, Ta, Li, Fe and Hf; and M j is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Al, Co, Ni, Hf and Y; M i and M j being different metals; X r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number of components which comprise M i , M j and X r and m≧3; F M .sbsb.i, F' M .sbsb.j, F' M .sbsb.i of F x .sbsb.r are the mole fractions of M i , M j and X r and 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <0.5.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 32 wherein 0<ΣF' M .sbsb.i ≦0.4.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 32 wherein 0.5<ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition in accordance with claim 32 wherein 0.6≧ΣF' M .sbsb.i <1.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-02-14 | 1986-08-16 | 1987-02-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-02-14 | 1990-08-16 | 1991-02-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-02-14 | 1994-08-16 | 1995-02-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |