US4361893A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Transmission system using differential pulse code modulation
Assignee: Nokia of America Corp
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Filing: 1979-11-15
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Granted: 1982-11-30
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Expires: 1999-11-15
Abstract
Abstract This system comprises an encoder in which the differential PCM signal to be transmitted is formed as the difference between the incoming linear PCM signal and a prediction signal produced by a prediction filter comprising a local decoder receiving the said differential PCM signal. According to the invention the local decoder and the remote decoder are constructed in an identical manner by means of one or several filtering sections arranged in cascade, each filtering section being of the purely recursive or non-recursive type with one sole coefficient differing from zero and having been provided with its own roundoff (or truncation) device having a step size equal to the quantizing step of the differential PCM signal, the incoming linear PCM signal being rounded (or truncated) in the same manner. This construction enables the cascade arrangement of encoders and decoders without any further degradation of the signal then the degradation produced by the first coding.
Inventors
- 👤 Georges Bonnerot
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 15:28
CPC Classifications
H; H03; H03M; H03M7/00; H03M7/30; H03M7/3002; H03M7/3044; H04; H04B; H04B14/00; H04B14/02; H04B14/04; H04B14/046
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
232 words
A digital information transmission system using differential pulse code modulation and comprising an encoder in which the differential PCM signal to be transmitted is formed by quantizing the difference signal between the incoming linear signal and a prediction signal produced by a prediction filter comprising a local decoder receiving the said differential PCM signal, and a remote decoder, the local decoder and the remote decoder comprising filters of the same structure, characterized in that these filters are constructed from one or several filtering sections arranged in cascade, each filtering section being of the purely recursive or non-recursive type with a sole coefficient differing from zero, the roundoff (or truncation) operators which operate in each filtering section and on the incoming linear PCM signal being controlled to realize these rounding (truncating) operations with a quantizing step equal to the quantizing step of the said difference signal, and characterized in that the encoder is preceded by an expansion circuit for converting the compressed PCM signal into a linear PCM signal and the decoder is followed by a compression circuit for converting the linear PCM signal into a compressed PCM signal, the sign of the signal produced by the expansion circuit being changed at the input of the roundoff (or truncation) operator provided between the expansion circuit and the encoder, the initial sign being restored at the output of the said roundoff (or truncation) operator.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
232 words
A digital information transmission system using differential pulse code modulation and comprising an encoder in which the differential PCM signal to be transmitted is formed by quantizing the difference signal between the incoming linear signal and a prediction signal produced by a prediction filter comprising a local decoder receiving the said differential PCM signal, and a remote decoder, the local decoder and the remote decoder comprising filters of the same structure, characterized in that these filters are constructed from one or several filtering sections arranged in cascade, each filtering section being of the purely recursive or non-recursive type with a sole coefficient differing from zero, the roundoff (or truncation) operators which operate in each filtering section and on the incoming linear PCM signal being controlled to realize these rounding (truncating) operations with a quantizing step equal to the quantizing step of the said difference signal, and characterized in that the encoder is preceded by an expansion circuit for converting the compressed PCM signal into a linear PCM signal and the decoder is followed by a compression circuit for converting the linear PCM signal into a compressed PCM signal, the sign of the signal produced by the expansion circuit being changed at the input of the roundoff (or truncation) operator provided between the expansion circuit and the encoder, the initial sign being restored at the output of the said roundoff (or truncation) operator.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
151 words
A transmission system as claimed in claim 1, in which the encoder comprises a first saturation circuit for saturating the difference signal between the incoming linear PCM signal and the prediction signal, characterized in that this encoder comprises inter alia an adder circuit for forming the sum of the said difference signal and the prediction signal, the output of the adder circuit being connected to the cascade arrangement of a compression circuit, an expansion circuit and a roundoff (or truncation) operator, which are identical to the compression circuit arranged behind the decoder, and to the expansion circuit and roundoff (or truncation) operator preceding the encoder, respectively, the signal at the output of the said cascade arrangement being applied to a differential PCM coding device which uses the said prediction signal and a saturation circuit which is identical to the first saturation circuit and producing the differential PCM signal to be transmitted.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
139 words
A transmission system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, in which the quantizing step of the said difference signal is automatically controlled by means of identical compression networks incorporated in the local decoder and the remote decoder and receiving the transmitted differential PCM signal, characterized in that each compression network comprises in cascade a first instantaneous output operator weighting the numbers of the differential PCM signal in accordance with a predetermined law, a syllabic filter formed by one or several filtering sections of the purely recursive or non-recursive type arranged in cascade, each having a sole coefficient differing from zero, and finally a second instantaneous output operator which causes, in accordance with a predetermined law, the number characterizing the size of the quantizing step of the said difference signal to correspond to the output numbers of the filter.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
49 words
A transmission system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the first instantaneous output operator has for its function to form the absolute values of the numbers of the differential PCM signal and to weight these absolute values in accordance with a simple approximation of an exponential law.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
38 words
A transmission system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the syllabic filter is arranged thus that its output signal v is limited to a minimum value v min and to a maximum value v max .
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
A transmission system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the syllabic filter is a first-order, purely recursive filter.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
63 words
A transmission system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the second instantaneous output operator is arranged for forming a value q of the quantizing step in accordance with the law: q=q.sub.m 2.sup.E [v<v.sub.min /A] where q m is the minimum value of the said step A is a constant E[v-v min /A] represents the largest entire value of v-v min /A.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
38 words
A transmission system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the constant A is related to the coefficient α of the said first-order purely recursive filter by the relation A=K[1/1-α], K being an integer greater than 1.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
77 words
A transmission system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the second instantaneous output operator divides the domain of the output values of the syllabic filter into L distinct ranges for forming L discrete values of the quantizing steps ranging from q m to 2 L-1 q m , these L values being used in a linear or segment-wise non-linear quantizer for quantizing the said difference signal between the linear PCM signal and the prediction signal.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
126 words
A transmission system as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the second instantaneous output operator divides the domain of the output values of the syllabic filter into L distinct ranges for forming L discrete values of the quantizing steps ranging from q m to 2 L-1 q m , and divides each of said ranges into M distinct sub-ranges, corresponding to M linear and segment-wise non linear quantizing laws, to control at each time instant the quantizing operation on the difference signal, so that it is realized with a quantizing law corresponding to the sub-range to which belongs the value of the syllabic filter output at the said time instant, these quantizing laws being formed from the said L discrete values of the quantizing steps.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-11-29 | 1986-05-31 | 1986-11-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-11-29 | 1990-05-31 | 1990-11-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-11-29 | 1994-05-31 | 1994-11-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |